复合材料裂纹参数对Lamb波非线性系数的影响研究
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摘要
针对复合材料中裂纹的检测问题,建立了考虑裂纹接触非线性特性的各向异性复合材料的3D波动数值模型,研究非线性Lamb波与含有不同尺寸裂纹的复合材料的作用关系,探讨裂纹的长度和宽度对Lamb波非线性系数的影响。研究结果表明:一定范围内,裂纹长度的增加将导致Lamb波的非线性系数增加;裂纹宽度的增加将导致Lamb波的非线性系数减小。利用SNAP非线性超声检测设备,试验验证了通过超声检测非线性系数进行复合材料裂纹检测的可行性,这对后续进行复合材料的非线性无损探伤具有重要意义。
For detection of cracks in composite,a 3D finite element wave model of anisotropic composite plate considering the nonlinear crack contact was established to explore the interaction between nonlinear Lamb waves and different sizes of cracks in composite structure. The influence of the length and width of cracks on the nonlinear index of nonlinear Lamb waves was explored. The results show that the nonlinear index increases with the increase of the length of cracks within a certain range. As the width of cracks increases,the nonlinear index decreases. Using the SNAP nonlinear ultrasonic testing device in experiment,the feasibility of crack detection in composite materials by testing ultrasonic nonlinear index was verified. The experimental results show that the presence of cracks in the structure can be qualitatively evaluated by measuring the nonlinear index in the composite. This is of great significance to the follow-up nonlinear non-destructive testing of composite materials.
For detection of cracks in composite,a 3D finite element wave model of anisotropic composite plate considering the nonlinear crack contact was established to explore the interaction between nonlinear Lamb waves and different sizes of cracks in composite structure. The influence of the length and width of cracks on the nonlinear index of nonlinear Lamb waves was explored. The results show that the nonlinear index increases with the increase of the length of cracks within a certain range. As the width of cracks increases,the nonlinear index decreases. Using the SNAP nonlinear ultrasonic testing device in experiment,the feasibility of crack detection in composite materials by testing ultrasonic nonlinear index was verified. The experimental results show that the presence of cracks in the structure can be qualitatively evaluated by measuring the nonlinear index in the composite. This is of great significance to the follow-up nonlinear non-destructive testing of composite materials.
引文
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[3]王强.方向性损伤的Lamb波压电线阵扫描成像与评估[J].振动、测试与诊断,2017,37(3):507-511.
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[17]Rauter N,Lammering R,Kühnrich T.On the detection of fatigue damage in composites by use of second harmonic guided waves[J].Composite Structures,2016,152(15):247-258.
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[19]Deng M X.Analysis of second-harmonic generation of Lamb modes using a modal analysis approach[J].Journal of Applied Physics,2003,94(6):4152-4159.
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[22]Zhou C,Hong M,Su Z Q.Evaluation of fatigue cracks using nonlinearities of acousto-ultrasonic waves acquired by an active sensor network[J].Smart Materials and Structures,2013(22):015018.
[23]Baid H,Schaal C,Samajder H,et al.Dispersion of Lamb waves in a honeycomb composite sandwich panel[J].Ultrasonics,2015,56:409-416.
[24]Bathe K J.Finite element procedures in engineering analysis[M].New Jersey:Prentice-Hall,1982.
[25]陈勇强,肖强,陈亮,等.基于模态分析法的复合材料频散曲线特性[J].实验室研究与探索,2016,35(4):12-16.
[26]Rose J L.Ultrasonic Waves in Solid Media[M].Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,1999.
[27]刘瑶璐,胡宁,邓明晰,等.板壳结构中的非线性兰姆波[J].力学进展,2017,47(1):503-533.
[2]张斌,何梅洪,杨涛.复合材料空气耦合超声检测技术[J].玻璃钢/复合材料,2015(12):94-98,40.
[3]王强.方向性损伤的Lamb波压电线阵扫描成像与评估[J].振动、测试与诊断,2017,37(3):507-511.
[4]Worlton D C.Experimental confirmation of Lamb waves at megacycle frequencies[J].Journal of Applied Physics,1961,32(6):967-971.
[5]徐从元,姜文华.疲劳金属材料非线性声学特性的实验研究[J].南京大学学报(自然科学),2000,36(3):328-335.
[6]高桂丽,李大勇,董静薇,等.铝合金薄板疲劳裂纹的非线性声学特性[J].机械工程学报,2010,46(18):71-76.
[7]Hu H F,Staszewski W J,Hu N Q,et al.Crack detection using nonlinear acoustics and piezoceramic transducers-instantaneous amplitude and frequency analysis[J].Smart Materials&Structures,2010,19(6):065017.
[8]Matlack K H,Kim J Y,Jabcobs L J,et al.Review of second harmonic generation measurement techniques for material state determination in metals[J].Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation,2015,34(1):273.
[9]方漂漂,郑慧峰,喻桑桑,等.基于振动声调制的金属裂纹检测方法[J].中国机械工程,2016,27(11):1497-1501.
[10]屈文忠,李拯,王芝,等.基于非线性超声调制方法的损伤识别与定位[J].振动、测试与诊断,2016,36(5):852-857.
[11]焦敬品,孟祥吉,吕洪涛,等.基于赫兹接触的板中裂纹非线性兰姆波检测方法研究[J].机械工程学报,2017,53(12):60-69.
[12]邓明晰.层状固体结构表面性质的非线性兰姆波定征方法[J].航空学报,2006,27(4):713-719.
[13]Zhao Y,Li F,Cao P,et al.Generation mechanism of nonlinear ultrasonic Lamb waves in thin plates with randomly distributed cracks[J].Ultrasonics,2017,79:60-67.
[14]Soleimanpour R,Ng C T.Locating delaminations in laminated composite beams using nonlinear guided waves[J].Engineering Structures,2017,131:207-219.
[15]Liu X,Bo L,Yang K,et al.Locating and imaging contact delamination based on chaotic detection of nonlinear Lamb waves[J].Mechanical Systems&Signal Processing,2018,109:58-73.
[16]Yelve N P,Mitra M,Mujumdar P M.Detection of delamination in composite laminates using Lamb wave based nonlinear method[J].Composite Structures,2017,159:257-266.
[17]Rauter N,Lammering R,Kühnrich T.On the detection of fatigue damage in composites by use of second harmonic guided waves[J].Composite Structures,2016,152(15):247-258.
[18]Bermes C,Kim J Y,Qu J M,et al.Experimental characterization of material nonlinearity using Lamb waves[J].Applied Physics Letters,2007,90(2):2067-2073.
[19]Deng M X.Analysis of second-harmonic generation of Lamb modes using a modal analysis approach[J].Journal of Applied Physics,2003,94(6):4152-4159.
[20]Lee T H,Jhang K Y.Experimental investigation of nonlinear acoustic effect at crack[J].NDT&E International,2009,42(8):757-764.
[21]Yang Y,Ng C T,Kotousov A,et al.Second harmonic generation at fatigue cracks by low-frequency Lamb waves:Experimental and numerical studies[J].Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing,2018,99(15):760-773.
[22]Zhou C,Hong M,Su Z Q.Evaluation of fatigue cracks using nonlinearities of acousto-ultrasonic waves acquired by an active sensor network[J].Smart Materials and Structures,2013(22):015018.
[23]Baid H,Schaal C,Samajder H,et al.Dispersion of Lamb waves in a honeycomb composite sandwich panel[J].Ultrasonics,2015,56:409-416.
[24]Bathe K J.Finite element procedures in engineering analysis[M].New Jersey:Prentice-Hall,1982.
[25]陈勇强,肖强,陈亮,等.基于模态分析法的复合材料频散曲线特性[J].实验室研究与探索,2016,35(4):12-16.
[26]Rose J L.Ultrasonic Waves in Solid Media[M].Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,1999.
[27]刘瑶璐,胡宁,邓明晰,等.板壳结构中的非线性兰姆波[J].力学进展,2017,47(1):503-533.