不同光照度对商洛丹参生长和叶片生理指标的影响
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摘要
旨在探讨不同光照度对商洛丹参生长和叶片生理指标的影响,测定商洛道地丹参不同生育期(幼苗期、开花期和生长减缓期)叶片在不同遮光处理下(遮光率为40%～50%、50%～70%、70%～80%和85%～95%)生长指标和叶片生理指标的动态变化。结果表明,遮光率为40%～50%时,株高、主茎数、单株鲜质量和根鲜质量最大;随遮光率增加超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)活性和脯氨酸质量分数遮光率呈增加趋势,可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白质量分数先增后减。综合全生育期来看,遮光率为50%更适合商洛丹参生长。
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of different light intensities on the growth and leaf physiological indexes of Shangluo genuine crude S.miltiorrhiza.Growth indexes of leaves and leaf physiological indexes were determined at different growth stages(seedling, flowering and growth under different shading rates of 40%-50%, 50%-70%, 70%-80% and 85%-95% of natural light). The results showed that the plant height, main stem number, fresh weight per plant and root fresh mass were the highest when the shading rate was 40%-50% of natural light; superoxide dismutase(SOD), hydrogenase(CAT), peroxidase(POD) and proline increased in an overall trend compared with trend of the CK(40%-50%, 50%-70%, 70%-80%, 85%-95%) while soluble sugar mass fraction and soluble protein mass fraction increased first and then decreased. Generally, the 50 % shading rate was more suitable for the growth of Shangluo genuine crude S. miltiorrhiza.
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of different light intensities on the growth and leaf physiological indexes of Shangluo genuine crude S.miltiorrhiza.Growth indexes of leaves and leaf physiological indexes were determined at different growth stages(seedling, flowering and growth under different shading rates of 40%-50%, 50%-70%, 70%-80% and 85%-95% of natural light). The results showed that the plant height, main stem number, fresh weight per plant and root fresh mass were the highest when the shading rate was 40%-50% of natural light; superoxide dismutase(SOD), hydrogenase(CAT), peroxidase(POD) and proline increased in an overall trend compared with trend of the CK(40%-50%, 50%-70%, 70%-80%, 85%-95%) while soluble sugar mass fraction and soluble protein mass fraction increased first and then decreased. Generally, the 50 % shading rate was more suitable for the growth of Shangluo genuine crude S. miltiorrhiza.
引文
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[14]赵锐明,郭凤霞,安黎哲,等.蒙古黄芪幼苗对盐胁迫的生长和生理响应[J].西北林学院学报,2016,31(3):23-29.ZHAO R M,GUO F X,AN L ZH,et al.Growth and physiological responses of Astragalus membranaceus var.mongolicus seeding of salt stress[J].Journal of Northwest Forestry University,2016,31(3):23-29.
[15]朱志国,周守标,程龙玲,等.光照强度对马蹄金保护酶活性和光合特性的影响[J].中国草地学报,2012,34(5):87-90.ZHU ZH G,ZHOU SH B,CHENG L L,et al.Effects of light intensity on protective enzymes and photosvnthetic characteristics of Dichondra response[J].Chinese Journal of Grassland,2012,34(5):87-90.
[16]钱平仙,李学孚,吴月燕,等.遮荫对樟叶槭容器苗生长和生理特性的影响[J].江苏农业学报,2015,31(3):667-672.QIAN P X,LI X F,WU Y Y,et al.Influence of shading on growth and physiological characteristics of container seedlings of Acer cinnamomifolium[J].Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2015,31(3):667-672.
[17]郭巧生,王艳茹,张贤秀,等.光强对药用白菊花营养期生理生化特性的影响[J].中国中药杂志,2010,35(5):561-564.GUO Q SH,WANG Y R,ZHANG X X,et al.Effects of light intensity on physiological and biochemical characteristics of Chrysanthemum morifolium at vegetative stage[J].China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica,2010,35(5):561-564.
[18]许详明,叶和春,李国凤,等.脯氨酸代谢与植物抗渗透胁迫的研究进展[J].植物学通报,2000,17(6):536-542.XU X M,YE H CH,LI G F,et al.Progress in synthesis and metabolism of proline and its relationship with osmotolerance of plants[J].Chinese Bulletin of Botany,2000,17(6):536-542.
[19]周青,黄晓华.逆境胁迫下作物积累脯氨酸的生理生态意义[J].农业环境保护,1991,10(6):272-273.ZHOU Q,HUANG X H.Physiological and ecological significance of proline accumulation in plants under adversity stress[J].Agro-environmental Protection,1991,10(6):272-273.
[20]丁文静,张谦.不同遮光度对蒙山丹参生长的影响[J].现代农业科技,2004(19):72-74.DING W J,ZHANG Q.Effect of different degree of shading on the growth of mengshan Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge[J].Modern Agricultural Science and Technology,2004(19):72-74.
[21]罗明华,胡进耀,吴庆贵,等.干旱胁迫对丹参叶片气体交换和叶绿素荧光参数的影响[J].应用生态学报,2010,21(3):619-623.LUO M H,HU J Y,WU Q G,et al.Effects of drought stress on leaf gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence of Salvia miltiorrhiza[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2010,21(3):619-623.
[2]郑虎占,董泽宏,佘靖.中药现代研究与应用[M].石家庄:河北医科大学出版社,1999.ZHENG H ZH,DONG Z H,SHE J.Modern Research and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine[M].Shijiazhuang:Hebei Medical University Press,1999.
[3]张晓虎.商洛市丹参种植区土壤肥力状况研究初报[J].陕西农业科学,2008,54(3):97-100.ZHANG X H.A preliminary study on soil fertility in the planting area of Salvia miltiorrhiza in Shangluo[J].Shaanxi Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2008,54(3):97-100.
[4]张晓虎.商洛市中药材种植药源基地土壤肥力的研究初报[J].陕西农业科学,2007,53(3):53-55.ZHANG X H.Preliminary study on soil fertility of Chinese medicinal herbs planting base in Shangluo[J].Shaanxi Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2007,53(3):53-55.
[5]李小玲,华智锐.商洛丹参种子品质检验与质量标准的探讨[J].浙江农业科学,2013,1(8):961-963.LI X L,HUA ZH R.Discussion on quality inspection and quality standard of seed of Salvia miltiorrhizain Shangluo[J].Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences,2013,1(8):961-963.
[6]彭晓邦.商洛核桃-丹参复合生态系统中丹参根际土壤微生物数量特征与酶活性研究[J].陕西农业科学,2016,62(3):17-21.PENG X B.Quantitative characteristics of soil microbial biomass and enzyme activities in rhizosphere soil of Juglans regia-Salvia miltiorrhiza compound ecosystem in Shangluo[J].Shaanxi Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2016,62(3):17-21.
[7]孟祥海,张跃进,皮莉,等.遮荫对半夏叶片光合色素与保护酶活性的影响[J].西北植物学报,2007,27(6):1167-1171.MENG X H,ZHANG Y J,PI L,et al.Effect of shading on the photosynthetic pigment and protective enzyme activities in pinel liaternata leaves[J].Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica,2007,27(6):1167-1171.
[8]张军,马颖,彭晓邦.核桃-小麦间作系统中小麦的越冬生理特性[J].商洛学院学报,2017,31(2):33-37.ZHANG J,MA Y,PENG X B.Physiological characteristics of wheat during overwintering stage in walnut-wheat intercropping system[J].Journal of Shangluo University,2017,31(2):33-37.
[9]刘振英,叶央芳,李竹,等.有机小分子渗透调节物质及其保护功能[J].生命科学,2013,25(4):411-415.LIU ZH Y,YE Y F,LI ZH,et al.Low-molecular-weight organic osmolytes and their protective functions[J].Chinese Bulletin of Life Sciences,2013,25(4):411-415.
[10]KAKIUCHI J,KOBATA T.Shading and thinning effects on seed and shoot dry matter increase in determinate soybean during the seed-filling period[J].Agronomy Journal,2004,96(2):398-405.
[11]LEE S W,KIM G S,LEE M J,et al.Effect of blue and yellow polyethylene shading net on growth characteristics and ginsenoside contents in Panax ginseng C.A.Meyer[J].Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science,2007,3(15):194-198.
[12]钱瑭璜,刘建华,雷江丽.转胡杨PeDREB2Bb基因白三叶株系耐盐性研究[J].西北林学院学报,2016,31(3):109-113.QIAN T H,LIU J H,LEI J L.Salt resistance of transgenic white clover(Trifolium repens)lines with PeDREB2Bb gene formPopulus euphratica[J].Journal of Northwest Forestry Unviersity,2016,31(3):109-113.
[13]史军辉,王新英,刘茂秀,等.NaCl胁迫对胡杨幼苗叶主要渗透调节物质的影响[J].西北林学院学报,2014,29(6):6-11.SHI J H,WANG X Y,LIU M X,et al.Effects of NaCl stress on main osmotic adjustment substances in the seedling leaves of Populus euphratica[J].Journal of Northwest Forestry University,2014,29(6):6-11.
[14]赵锐明,郭凤霞,安黎哲,等.蒙古黄芪幼苗对盐胁迫的生长和生理响应[J].西北林学院学报,2016,31(3):23-29.ZHAO R M,GUO F X,AN L ZH,et al.Growth and physiological responses of Astragalus membranaceus var.mongolicus seeding of salt stress[J].Journal of Northwest Forestry University,2016,31(3):23-29.
[15]朱志国,周守标,程龙玲,等.光照强度对马蹄金保护酶活性和光合特性的影响[J].中国草地学报,2012,34(5):87-90.ZHU ZH G,ZHOU SH B,CHENG L L,et al.Effects of light intensity on protective enzymes and photosvnthetic characteristics of Dichondra response[J].Chinese Journal of Grassland,2012,34(5):87-90.
[16]钱平仙,李学孚,吴月燕,等.遮荫对樟叶槭容器苗生长和生理特性的影响[J].江苏农业学报,2015,31(3):667-672.QIAN P X,LI X F,WU Y Y,et al.Influence of shading on growth and physiological characteristics of container seedlings of Acer cinnamomifolium[J].Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences,2015,31(3):667-672.
[17]郭巧生,王艳茹,张贤秀,等.光强对药用白菊花营养期生理生化特性的影响[J].中国中药杂志,2010,35(5):561-564.GUO Q SH,WANG Y R,ZHANG X X,et al.Effects of light intensity on physiological and biochemical characteristics of Chrysanthemum morifolium at vegetative stage[J].China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica,2010,35(5):561-564.
[18]许详明,叶和春,李国凤,等.脯氨酸代谢与植物抗渗透胁迫的研究进展[J].植物学通报,2000,17(6):536-542.XU X M,YE H CH,LI G F,et al.Progress in synthesis and metabolism of proline and its relationship with osmotolerance of plants[J].Chinese Bulletin of Botany,2000,17(6):536-542.
[19]周青,黄晓华.逆境胁迫下作物积累脯氨酸的生理生态意义[J].农业环境保护,1991,10(6):272-273.ZHOU Q,HUANG X H.Physiological and ecological significance of proline accumulation in plants under adversity stress[J].Agro-environmental Protection,1991,10(6):272-273.
[20]丁文静,张谦.不同遮光度对蒙山丹参生长的影响[J].现代农业科技,2004(19):72-74.DING W J,ZHANG Q.Effect of different degree of shading on the growth of mengshan Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge[J].Modern Agricultural Science and Technology,2004(19):72-74.
[21]罗明华,胡进耀,吴庆贵,等.干旱胁迫对丹参叶片气体交换和叶绿素荧光参数的影响[J].应用生态学报,2010,21(3):619-623.LUO M H,HU J Y,WU Q G,et al.Effects of drought stress on leaf gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence of Salvia miltiorrhiza[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2010,21(3):619-623.