土壤表面不平度数据采集系统设计与试验
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摘要
基于激光测距传感器的基础上,设计开发了非接触式土壤表面不平度测试仪,由Labview软件编制了数据采集系统,测试仪沿着3个方向运动,采集了3种耕作方式下的土壤表面不平度数据。采用均方根法对采集数据进行分形维数的计算,获得了土壤表面不平度的分形特征。结果表明,犁耕表面分形维数均小于1.390,驱动耙耙地表面的分形维数均大于1.550,圆盘耙耙地表面的分形维数介于1.460～1.540,说明分形维数可以准确区分不同耕作方式下的土壤不平度。综合应用分形维数与表面不平度标准差能够准确描述土壤表面的不平度特征。
Based on the laser sensor, we designed and developed the non-contact measuring instrument of the soil surface roughness with the data acquiring system drawn by software Labview.The instrument moved along the three directions to acquire the soil surface roughness in the fields with three treatments.Then the acquired data were analyzed by the root mean square method to obtain the fractal features of the soil surface roughness.The experiment results indicated that the fractal dimension of the ploughed surface were 1.390 and 1.550 for harrowed surface and 1.460～1.540 for disc harrowed surface.The fractal dimension could accurately distinguish the soil surface roughness under different farming methods.The complex of the soil surface roughness standard deviation and fractal dimension could be used to accurately describe the roughness features of the soil surface.
Based on the laser sensor, we designed and developed the non-contact measuring instrument of the soil surface roughness with the data acquiring system drawn by software Labview.The instrument moved along the three directions to acquire the soil surface roughness in the fields with three treatments.Then the acquired data were analyzed by the root mean square method to obtain the fractal features of the soil surface roughness.The experiment results indicated that the fractal dimension of the ploughed surface were 1.390 and 1.550 for harrowed surface and 1.460～1.540 for disc harrowed surface.The fractal dimension could accurately distinguish the soil surface roughness under different farming methods.The complex of the soil surface roughness standard deviation and fractal dimension could be used to accurately describe the roughness features of the soil surface.
引文
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[10] 鲁植雄,吴小平,PERDOK U D,等.耕作土壤表面不平度分析[J].农业机械学报,2004,35(1):112-116.
[11] 侯占峰,鲁植雄,赵兰英.耕作土壤地表不平度的分形特性[J].农业机械学报,2007,38(4):50-53.
[12] 侯占峰.基于分形理论的路面不平度特性研究[D].南京:南京农业大学,2006.
[13] MANNELQVIST A,RING GROTH M.Comparison of fractal analyses methods and fractal dimension for pre-treated stainless steel surfaces and the correlation to adhesive joint strength[J].Appl Phys A,2001,73(3):347-355.
[14] 侯占峰,李林,陈智,等.土壤表面分形表征效果对比[J].农业机械学报,2011,42(4):39-42.
[2] 金睿臣,宋健.路面不平度的模拟与汽车非线性随机振动的研究[J].清华大学学报(自然科学版),1999,39(8):76-79.
[3] 徐延海.路面不平度对装有ABS汽车制动性能的影响[J].农业机械学报,2008,39(1):7-10..
[4] 张永林,钟毅芳.车辆路面不平度输入的随机激励时域模型[J].农业机械学报,2004,35(2):9-12.
[5] 徐延海.考虑路面不平度的汽车稳定性控制的研究[J].汽车工程,2005,27(3):330-333..
[6] JESTER W,KLIK A.Soil surface roughness measurement-methods applicability and surface representation[J].Catena,2005,64(2/3):174-192..
[7] 林剑辉,孙宇瑞,PETER SCHULZE LAMMERS.不同耕作条件下土壤表面粗糙度随时间变化规律研究[J].中国农学通报,2012,28(29):230-234.
[8] 张晓冬,李建桥,王洋,等.基于激光测距仪的地面不平度的测量与分析[J].吉林大学学报(工学版),2013,43(5):1258-1263.
[9] 蔡祥,孙宇瑞,林建辉,等.基于激光反射的土壤表面粗糙度测量装置设计与试验[J].农业机械学报,2010,41(1):68-71.
[10] 鲁植雄,吴小平,PERDOK U D,等.耕作土壤表面不平度分析[J].农业机械学报,2004,35(1):112-116.
[11] 侯占峰,鲁植雄,赵兰英.耕作土壤地表不平度的分形特性[J].农业机械学报,2007,38(4):50-53.
[12] 侯占峰.基于分形理论的路面不平度特性研究[D].南京:南京农业大学,2006.
[13] MANNELQVIST A,RING GROTH M.Comparison of fractal analyses methods and fractal dimension for pre-treated stainless steel surfaces and the correlation to adhesive joint strength[J].Appl Phys A,2001,73(3):347-355.
[14] 侯占峰,李林,陈智,等.土壤表面分形表征效果对比[J].农业机械学报,2011,42(4):39-42.