综合物探技术在地质构造复杂工作面的应用
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摘要
地质构造是影响煤矿安全生产的主要因素,为提前探明其赋存特征,避免工作面回采过程中无计划揭露构造带来的人员伤亡和财产损失,针对典型矿井的构造复杂工作面,利用槽波地震勘探和无线电波透视展开综合探测。结果表明:无线电波透视技术,对陷落柱、断层的反应效果良好,但纵向分辨率不高;槽波地震勘探技术,对主要地质异常(包括陷落柱、断层、煤体破碎区、应力集中区等)有明显反应,且横向和纵向分辨率均较高,但难以辨别异常性质;结合槽波地震勘探和无线电波透视,再综合地质资料分析,可对构造复杂工作面的不同地质异常进行合理的推断和解释,能够有效指导矿井的安全高产高效。
Geological structure is very important to the mining arrangement and the safety in production.In order to detect the characteristics of structure distribution,which can avoid casualties and property damage in mining,the authors used inseam seismic exploration and radio wave tunnels perspective to detect the geological structure in the coal mine.The result showed that:the radio wave tunnels perspective,which could pinpoint the collapse column and fault,but the vertical resolution is not high;the inseam seismic exploration,which could show out the main geologic anomaly,including the collapse column and the fault and the fragmentized coal body and the area of stress concentration,and the horizontal and vertical resolution is high,but it is difficult to distinguish abnormal properties;comprehensive seismic and electrical exploration,and the analysis of geologic,which could detect the geological structure clearly,and it could guide the mine safety production.
Geological structure is very important to the mining arrangement and the safety in production.In order to detect the characteristics of structure distribution,which can avoid casualties and property damage in mining,the authors used inseam seismic exploration and radio wave tunnels perspective to detect the geological structure in the coal mine.The result showed that:the radio wave tunnels perspective,which could pinpoint the collapse column and fault,but the vertical resolution is not high;the inseam seismic exploration,which could show out the main geologic anomaly,including the collapse column and the fault and the fragmentized coal body and the area of stress concentration,and the horizontal and vertical resolution is high,but it is difficult to distinguish abnormal properties;comprehensive seismic and electrical exploration,and the analysis of geologic,which could detect the geological structure clearly,and it could guide the mine safety production.
引文
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[14] 杨真,冯涛,Wang S G.0.9 m薄煤层SH型槽波频散特征及波形模型[J].地球物理学报,2010,53(2):442-449.Yang Zhen,Feng Tao,Wang S G.Dispersion characteristics and wave shape mode of SH channel wave in a 0.9 m-thin coal seam[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2010,53(2):442-449.
[15] 张碧星,鲁来玉.用频率—波数法分析瑞利波频散曲线[J].工程地球物理学报,2005,2(4):245-255.Zhang Bixing,Lu Laiyu.Investigation on the dispersion curves of Rayleigh wave by frequency-wave number analysis method[J].Chinese Journal of Engineering Geophysics,2005,2(4):245-255.
[2] 焦阳,卫金善,窦文武.槽波地震透射法在断层探测中的应用研究[J].山西煤炭,2017,37(1):34-37.Jiao Yang,Wei Jinshan,Dou Wenwu.Application of inseam seismic exploration in fault detection[J].Shanxi Coal,2017,37(1):34-37.
[3] 刘天放,潘冬明,李德春,等.槽波地震勘探[M].北京:中国矿业大学出版社,1994.
[4] 卫金善,张晋武.综合勘探方法在成庄矿井地质构造探测中的应用[J].中国煤田地质,2002,14(4):19-21.Wei Jinshan,Zhang Jinwu.Application of comprehensive prospecting method on search of geological structure in Chengzhuang Mine[J].Coal Geology of China,2002,14(4):19-21.
[5] 程建远,李淅龙,张广忠,等.煤矿井下地震勘探技术应用现状与发展展望[J].勘探地球物理进展,2009,32(2):76-82.Cheng Jianyuan,Li Xilong,Zhang Guangzhong,et al.Current status and outlook of seismic exploration applied underground in coal mine[J].Progress in Exploration Geophysics,2009,32(2):76-82.
[6] 房立华,吴建平,吕作勇.华北地区基于噪声的瑞利面波群速度层析成像[J].地球物理学报,2009,52(3):663-671.Fang Lihua,Wu Jianping,Lü Zuoyong.Reyleigh wave group velocity tomography from ambient seismic noise in North China[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2009,52(3):663-671.
[7] 何正勤,叶太兰,丁志峰.华北东北部的面波相速度层析成像研究[J].地球物理学报,2009,52(5):1233-1242.He Zhengqin,Ye Tailan,Ding Zhifeng.Surface wave tomography for the phase velocity in the northeastern part of North China[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2009,52(5):1233-1242.
[8] 孙希杰,王静.复杂地表深部采区三维地震勘探技术[J].中国煤炭,2016,42(4):35-38.Sun Xijie,Wang Jing.3-D seismic exploration technology in deep mining area under complicated ground surface[J].China Coal,2016,42(4):35-38.
[9] 汤友谊,陈江峰,彭立世.无线电波坑道透视构造煤的研究[J].煤炭学报,2002,30(7):254-258.Tang Youyi,Chen Jiangfeng,Peng Lishi.Study of tectonic coal by radio-wave pit perspective[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2002,30(7):254-258.
[10] 许峰,杨茂林.定向钻探技术在神东矿区防治水中的应用[J].矿业安全与环保,2017,44(1):70-73.Xu Feng,Yang Maolin.Application of directional drilling technology in water control in Shendong Coal Mining Area[J].Mining Safety & Environmental Protection,2017,44(1):70-73.
[11] 黄国娇,白超英.二维复杂层状介质中地震多波走时联合反演成像[J].地球物理学报,2010,53(12):2972-2987.Huang Guojiao,Bai Chaoying.Simultaneous inversion with multiple travetimes within 2-D complex layered media[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2010,53(12):2972-2987.
[12] 刘玉忠.采区槽波探测的适应性分类[J].煤田地质与勘探,1997,25(4):54-57.Liu Yuzhong.The adaptability classification of in seam wave surveying in mining districts[J].Coal Geology & Exploration,1997,25(4):54-57.
[13] 杨元海.槽波速度谱相对透射系数图法[J].煤田地质与勘探,1993,21(4):53-56.Yang Yuanhai.Method for relative transmittance map of seam-wave velocity spectrum[J].Coal Geology & Exploration,1993,21(4):53-56.
[14] 杨真,冯涛,Wang S G.0.9 m薄煤层SH型槽波频散特征及波形模型[J].地球物理学报,2010,53(2):442-449.Yang Zhen,Feng Tao,Wang S G.Dispersion characteristics and wave shape mode of SH channel wave in a 0.9 m-thin coal seam[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2010,53(2):442-449.
[15] 张碧星,鲁来玉.用频率—波数法分析瑞利波频散曲线[J].工程地球物理学报,2005,2(4):245-255.Zhang Bixing,Lu Laiyu.Investigation on the dispersion curves of Rayleigh wave by frequency-wave number analysis method[J].Chinese Journal of Engineering Geophysics,2005,2(4):245-255.