塔形构筑物倾斜变形监测新方法
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摘要
随着各地高层构筑物数量的不断增加,构筑物变形产生的安全隐患也不断受到重视。本文针对传统观测方法的局限性和低效性,提出了基于激光散乱点云数据的塔形构筑物倾斜变形监测新方法,采用两台地面激光扫描仪分别扫描构筑物外表面的散乱点云数据,建立塔形构筑物的基础表面模型,生成沿轴线的塔体中心点数据,筛选可靠性最优的线性排列点,从而得出塔形构筑物在空间上高精度的偏移量和倾斜率。最终编程实现了数据获取到成果输出的一键式计算。结果表明,基于点云的塔形构筑物观测结果与传统方法观测结果的角度误差分别为0.005°和0.001°,倾斜量误差分别为0.000 05和0.000 1 m。本文方法可以快速获得构筑物整体和局部的偏移量变化特征,为塔形构筑物的施工、维修和重建提供了基础模型数据。
With the greatly increasing of the tower building from place to place,the potential risk caused by the deformation of the tower building has been taken more and more attention. In view of limitations and inefficiency of the traditional methods,this paper puts forward the new method of inclination monitoring of tower building based on point cloud data generated by 3 D laser scanner. Firstly,we need to capture point cloud of target object using two set of different 3 D laser scanner. Secondly using the point cloud to build tower building ground surface model. Thirdly,generating central point along the axis direction and filtering the correct point group. At last,calculating the offset and amount of inclination with high accuracy of target object. In addition,we also program to realize the output of calculation result just by one key. It turns out that the angle error between the new method and traditional method is separately 0.005°and 0.001°. The amount of inclination is separately 0.000 05 and 0.000 1 m. This method could not only quickly obtain offset variation characteristics of target object and part of them,but also could provide the foundation data model for the construction,maintenance and reconstruction of them.
With the greatly increasing of the tower building from place to place,the potential risk caused by the deformation of the tower building has been taken more and more attention. In view of limitations and inefficiency of the traditional methods,this paper puts forward the new method of inclination monitoring of tower building based on point cloud data generated by 3 D laser scanner. Firstly,we need to capture point cloud of target object using two set of different 3 D laser scanner. Secondly using the point cloud to build tower building ground surface model. Thirdly,generating central point along the axis direction and filtering the correct point group. At last,calculating the offset and amount of inclination with high accuracy of target object. In addition,we also program to realize the output of calculation result just by one key. It turns out that the angle error between the new method and traditional method is separately 0.005°and 0.001°. The amount of inclination is separately 0.000 05 and 0.000 1 m. This method could not only quickly obtain offset variation characteristics of target object and part of them,but also could provide the foundation data model for the construction,maintenance and reconstruction of them.
引文
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[2]陈德标.差异沉降法中倾斜量的正算与反演[J].测绘科学,2010,35(4):68-70.
[3]付新启,张国辉.建筑物倾斜观测的通用方法[J].测绘通报,2004(4):33-35.
[4]王健,纪海东,潘喜峰.对烟囱倾斜观测采用新的作业方法的尝试[J].工程勘察,2015(11):79-82.
[5]郭宗河.圆形构筑物的倾斜观测[J].测绘通报,1999(11):22-23.
[6]王旭华,刘宇辰.基于平面拟合的高层建筑物倾斜观测新方法[J].测绘通报,2013(3):73-74,77.
[7]陈弘奕,胡晓斌,李崇瑞.地面三维激光扫描技术在变形监测中的应用[J].测绘通报,2014(12):74-77.
[8]严伯铎.高耸塔型建(构)筑物的倾斜与动态变形监测[J].工程勘察,2009(8):56-58,63.
[9]王再华,柳广杰.塔形建构主体倾斜测量[J].测绘通报,2005(9):29-31,66.
[10]HADDAD N A.From ground surveying to 3D laser scanner:a review of techniques used for spatial documentation of historic sites[J].Journal of King Saud UniversityEngineering Sciences,2011,23(2):109-118.
[11]AL-KHEDER S,AL-SHAWABKEH Y,HAALA N.Developing a documentation system for desert palaces in Jordan using 3D laser scanning and digital photogrammetry[J].Journal of Archaeological Science,2009,36(2):537-546.
[12]LOVELL J L,JUPP D L B,CULVENOR D S,et al.Using airborne and ground-based ranging Li DAR to measure canopy structure in Australian forests[J].Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing,2003,29(5):607-622.
[13]JUPP D L B,STRAHLER A H,WOODCOCK C E.Autocorrelation and regularization in digital images.II.simple image models[J].IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing,1988,26(4):463-473.