易坍塌地层双管水平定向钻进工艺研究
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摘要
水平定向钻进技术已被广泛地用于铺设各种管线,具有施工速度快,对地面破坏小,不会影响已有管线的正常使用等优点。但是,在砂卵石和粉细砂类易坍塌地层中,常规的单钻杆水平定向钻进常会出现导向偏差和钻孔坍塌等事故。在已有技术的基础上,开发出了一套双管水平定向钻进系统,包括双回转动力头钻机、内外钻杆、双管导向节。通过现场应用证明了该双管系统具有导向精度高、调整方向灵敏等优点,能克服易坍塌地层带来的导向精度差和钻孔坍塌等难题。
The horizontal directional drilling(HDD)technology has been widely used for laying various pipelines,and has the advantages of high construction speed,small damage to the ground,and no interference to the use of the existing pipelines.However,in collapsible formation such as sand pebbles and fine sand,conventional single-tube HDD technology often encounters accidents such as guiding deviation and borehole collapse.Based on the existing technology,a dual rod horizontal directional drilling system has been developed,including the double-rotary drilling rig,the inner and outer drill rods,and the dual rod guiding section.The field application proves that the dual rod system has the advantages of high guiding precision and sensitive adjustment direction,and can overcome the problems of poor guiding precision and borehole collapse caused by collapsible formation.
The horizontal directional drilling(HDD)technology has been widely used for laying various pipelines,and has the advantages of high construction speed,small damage to the ground,and no interference to the use of the existing pipelines.However,in collapsible formation such as sand pebbles and fine sand,conventional single-tube HDD technology often encounters accidents such as guiding deviation and borehole collapse.Based on the existing technology,a dual rod horizontal directional drilling system has been developed,including the double-rotary drilling rig,the inner and outer drill rods,and the dual rod guiding section.The field application proves that the dual rod system has the advantages of high guiding precision and sensitive adjustment direction,and can overcome the problems of poor guiding precision and borehole collapse caused by collapsible formation.
引文
[1] ASTM F1962.American Standards for Testing and Materials(ASTM)International-(1999).Standard guide for use of maxi-horizontal directional drilling for placement of polyethylene pipe or conduit under obstacles,including river crossings[S].
[2]王海.高密实度中细砂层的定向钻穿越技术[J].石油工程建设,2010,36(1):23-26.WANG Hai.Pipeline crossing technique with directional drilling in high compact medium-fine sand stratum[J].Petroleum Engineering Construction,2010,36(1):19-21.
[3]赵自亮,李瑞,张可能,等.预加固砂卵石层水平定向钻进孔壁稳定性分析[J].广州建筑,2010,38(5):14-16.ZHAO Ziliang,LI Rui,ZHANG Keneng,et al.The stability analysis of the horizontal sand pebble hole wall after reinforced[J].Guangzhou Architecture,2010,38(5):14-16.
[4]张汉跃.非开挖定向钻技术在永春县砂砾层中铺设给水管的应用[J].能源与环境,2011,(3):109-111.ZHANG Hanyue.Application of the trenchless directional drilling technology in laying water supply pipe in gravel stratum of Yongchun County[J].Energy and Environment,2011,(3):109-111.
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[6]邱永忠.非开挖在砂卵石地层中铺设大口径PE管道的施工技术[J].中国科技博览,2010,(23):113.QIU Yongzhong.Construction technology of trenchless laying large diameter PE pipeline in gravel stratum[J].China Science and Technology Review,2010,(23):113.
[7]柴希伟,艾志久,付彬,等.非开挖水平定向钻孔壁稳定性[J].科技导报,2015,33(3):63-69.CHAI Xiwei,AI Zhijiu,FU Bin,et al.On horizontal directional drilling wall stability[J].Science and Technology Review,2015,33(3):63-69.
[8]李琴,徐果,黄志强,等.管道水平定向钻穿越扩孔孔洞形成机理及孔壁稳定性分析[J].地质科技情报,2017,36(3):249-254.LI Qin,XU Guo,HUANG Zhiqiang,et al.Hole forming mechanism and hole-wall stability of pipeline HDD reaming[J].Geological Science and Technology Information,2017,36(3):249-254.
[9]朱亚凯.淤泥地质水平定向钻施工难点分析与应对措施[J].石化技术,2017,24(6):54-55.ZHU Yakai.Difficulties analysis and countermeasures in silt geology of horizontal directional drilling construction[J].Petrochemical Industry Technology,2017,24(6):54-55.
[10]车延岗.导向钻进非开挖技术简介[J].市政技术,2002,(4):41-46.CHE Yangang.Abstract of guiding drilling technic[J].Municipal Engineering Technology,2002,(4):41-46.
[11]曹侃.非开挖定向铺管施工技术[J].市政技术,2010,28(4):78-80.CAO Kan.Construction technology of trenchless directional pipe laying[J].Municipal Engineering Technology,2010,28(4):78-80.
[12]美国Ditch.双壁钻杆硬岩钻进技术[J].地质装备,2005,6(1):12-13.American Ditch Company.Horizontal directional drilling with double pipe system in rock[J].Equipment for Geotechnical Engineering,2005,6(1):12-13.
[13]刘振忠.美国DitchWitch公司的导向钻机及其应用[J].非开挖技术,1995,(1):17-17.LIU Zhenzhong.American Ditch Witch’s directional drilling rig and its application[J].Trenchless Technology,1995,(1):17-17.
[14] Brotherton J L,Layne R R,Sewell C L.Directional boring head with deflection shoe and method of boring:US,US5490569[P].1996.
[15] Baumert M E,Allouche E N,Moore I D.Drilling fluid considerations in design of engineered horizontal directional drilling installations[J].International Journal of Geomechanics,2005,5(4):339-349.
[2]王海.高密实度中细砂层的定向钻穿越技术[J].石油工程建设,2010,36(1):23-26.WANG Hai.Pipeline crossing technique with directional drilling in high compact medium-fine sand stratum[J].Petroleum Engineering Construction,2010,36(1):19-21.
[3]赵自亮,李瑞,张可能,等.预加固砂卵石层水平定向钻进孔壁稳定性分析[J].广州建筑,2010,38(5):14-16.ZHAO Ziliang,LI Rui,ZHANG Keneng,et al.The stability analysis of the horizontal sand pebble hole wall after reinforced[J].Guangzhou Architecture,2010,38(5):14-16.
[4]张汉跃.非开挖定向钻技术在永春县砂砾层中铺设给水管的应用[J].能源与环境,2011,(3):109-111.ZHANG Hanyue.Application of the trenchless directional drilling technology in laying water supply pipe in gravel stratum of Yongchun County[J].Energy and Environment,2011,(3):109-111.
[5]梁小强,张可能,赵自亮.注浆技术在砂卵石地层水平(定)导向钻进工程中的应用研究[J].非开挖技术,2011,(2):24-29.LIANG Xiaoqiang,ZHANG Keneng,ZHAO Ziliang.Grouting technology in horizontal directional(guided)drilling project under sand and gravel stratum[J].Trenchless Technology,2011,(2):24-29.
[6]邱永忠.非开挖在砂卵石地层中铺设大口径PE管道的施工技术[J].中国科技博览,2010,(23):113.QIU Yongzhong.Construction technology of trenchless laying large diameter PE pipeline in gravel stratum[J].China Science and Technology Review,2010,(23):113.
[7]柴希伟,艾志久,付彬,等.非开挖水平定向钻孔壁稳定性[J].科技导报,2015,33(3):63-69.CHAI Xiwei,AI Zhijiu,FU Bin,et al.On horizontal directional drilling wall stability[J].Science and Technology Review,2015,33(3):63-69.
[8]李琴,徐果,黄志强,等.管道水平定向钻穿越扩孔孔洞形成机理及孔壁稳定性分析[J].地质科技情报,2017,36(3):249-254.LI Qin,XU Guo,HUANG Zhiqiang,et al.Hole forming mechanism and hole-wall stability of pipeline HDD reaming[J].Geological Science and Technology Information,2017,36(3):249-254.
[9]朱亚凯.淤泥地质水平定向钻施工难点分析与应对措施[J].石化技术,2017,24(6):54-55.ZHU Yakai.Difficulties analysis and countermeasures in silt geology of horizontal directional drilling construction[J].Petrochemical Industry Technology,2017,24(6):54-55.
[10]车延岗.导向钻进非开挖技术简介[J].市政技术,2002,(4):41-46.CHE Yangang.Abstract of guiding drilling technic[J].Municipal Engineering Technology,2002,(4):41-46.
[11]曹侃.非开挖定向铺管施工技术[J].市政技术,2010,28(4):78-80.CAO Kan.Construction technology of trenchless directional pipe laying[J].Municipal Engineering Technology,2010,28(4):78-80.
[12]美国Ditch.双壁钻杆硬岩钻进技术[J].地质装备,2005,6(1):12-13.American Ditch Company.Horizontal directional drilling with double pipe system in rock[J].Equipment for Geotechnical Engineering,2005,6(1):12-13.
[13]刘振忠.美国DitchWitch公司的导向钻机及其应用[J].非开挖技术,1995,(1):17-17.LIU Zhenzhong.American Ditch Witch’s directional drilling rig and its application[J].Trenchless Technology,1995,(1):17-17.
[14] Brotherton J L,Layne R R,Sewell C L.Directional boring head with deflection shoe and method of boring:US,US5490569[P].1996.
[15] Baumert M E,Allouche E N,Moore I D.Drilling fluid considerations in design of engineered horizontal directional drilling installations[J].International Journal of Geomechanics,2005,5(4):339-349.