物性参数差异对钻柱信道声波传播特性的影响
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摘要
研究声波在钻柱中传播特性,对声传输系统的研发具有重要意义。将钻柱结构离散为不同均匀圆管组成的管柱结构,针对结构尺寸和物性参数差异,建立钻柱信道传递矩阵法计算分析模型,并依据位移的法向分量和法向作用力连续的边界条件,采用传递矩阵法进行信道时频域分析,对声波在钻柱中传输特性进行研究。研究结果表明:结构尺寸和物性参数差异决定了钻柱信道频域特性,纵波声速越高越有利于声波信号的传输;物性参数差异对于信道的频带结构和通频带分布有较为显著的影响,物性参数差异增大会使阻带变宽,钻柱信道声波传输能力下降;随着传输距离的增加,信号衰减程度增大。研究结果可为声波在钻柱中的传播研究提供理论基础。
The in-depth study of the transmission characteristics of sound waves in the drill string is of great significance for the development of sound transmission systems. The drill string is considered as pipeline composed of different uniform circular tubes. Targeting to the difference of structural dimension and physical parameters, the calculation model of the drill string channel transfer matrix method is established. Based on the boundary condition of continuous normal component of the displacement and the normal force, the transfer matrix method is used to conduct channel time-frequency domain analysis to study the transmission characteristics of sinusoidal signal acoustic waves in the drill string.The results show that the difference of structural dimension and physical parameters determines the frequency domain characteristics of the drill string channel. Higher longitudinal sound velocity is better for the transmission of acoustic signals. The difference of physical parameters has a significant influence on the frequency band structure and the transmission band distribution of the channel. The difference in physical property parameters will increase the attenuation band, and decrease the sound wave transmission capacity of the drill string channel. As the transmission distance increases, the signal attenuation increases. The study can provide a theoretical basis for the study of the transmission of sound waves in the drill string.
The in-depth study of the transmission characteristics of sound waves in the drill string is of great significance for the development of sound transmission systems. The drill string is considered as pipeline composed of different uniform circular tubes. Targeting to the difference of structural dimension and physical parameters, the calculation model of the drill string channel transfer matrix method is established. Based on the boundary condition of continuous normal component of the displacement and the normal force, the transfer matrix method is used to conduct channel time-frequency domain analysis to study the transmission characteristics of sinusoidal signal acoustic waves in the drill string.The results show that the difference of structural dimension and physical parameters determines the frequency domain characteristics of the drill string channel. Higher longitudinal sound velocity is better for the transmission of acoustic signals. The difference of physical parameters has a significant influence on the frequency band structure and the transmission band distribution of the channel. The difference in physical property parameters will increase the attenuation band, and decrease the sound wave transmission capacity of the drill string channel. As the transmission distance increases, the signal attenuation increases. The study can provide a theoretical basis for the study of the transmission of sound waves in the drill string.
引文
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[14] 赵国山,管志川,刘永旺.声波在钻柱中的传播特性[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2010,34(1):55-59.ZHAO G S,GUAN Z C,LIU Y W.Acoustic Transmission properties in drill string[J].Journal of the University of Petroleum (Edition of Natural Science),2010,34(1):55-59.
[15] 邵春,付信信,褚志伟,等.基于ANSYS的地层分层对EM-MWD信号传输的影响分析[J].钻采工艺,2017,40(4),7-9.SHAO C,FU X X,CHU Z W,et al.ANSYS analysis of effects of strata beddings on EM-MWD signal transmission[J].Drilling & Production Technology,2017,40(4),7-9.
[16] 赵国山,管志川,王伟,等.钻柱结构差异对声传性能的影响[J].天然气工业,2013,33(2):56-60.ZHAO G S,GUAN Z C,WANG W,et al.Impact of drill string structural difference on acoustic transmission characteristics [J].Natural Gas Industry,2013,33(2):56-60.
[17] 邱维清,赵国山.耦合钻井液钻柱声波传播特性研究[J].科学技术与工程,2014,14(25):63-65,82.QIU W Q,ZHAO G S.Research on acoustic transmitting characteristics of drill string channel coupled with drilling fluids[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2014,14(25):63-65,82.
[2] DRUMHELLER D S.Acoustical properties of drill strings[J].Acoust.Soc.Am,1989,85(3):1048-1064.
[3] DRUMHELLER D S.Extensional stress waves in one-dimensional elastic waveguides [J].Acoust.Soc.Am,1992,92(6):3389-3402.
[4] DRUMHELLER D S.Attenuation of sound waves in drill strings[J] Acoust.Soc.Am,1993,94(4):2387-2396.
[5] BEDFORD A,DRUMHELLER D S.Introduction to elastic wave propagation[M].New York:Wiley,1994.
[6] DRUMHELLER D S.Wave impedances of drill strings and other periodic media[J].Acoust.Soc.Am,2002,112 (6):2527-2539.
[7] DRUMHELLER D S.Electromechanical transducer for acoustic telemetry system:US 5222049[P].1993-06-22.
[8] JOGI P,KINGMAN J.Method of detecting signals in acoustic drill string telemetry [P].US7911879.2011.
[9] TOCHIKAWA T,SAKAI T,TANIGUCHI R,et al.Acoustic telemetry:the new MWD system[R].SPE 36433,1996.
[10] SHAH V,GARDNER W.Design considerations for a new high data rate lwd acoustic telemetry system[R].SPE 88636,2004.
[11] GAO L,FINELY D,GARDNER W,et al.Acoustic telemetry can deliver more real-time downhole data in underbalanced drilling operations[R].IADC/SPE 98948,2006.
[12] GAO L,GARDNER W,ROBBINS C,et al.Limits on data communication along the drillstring using acoustic waves[R].SPE 95490,2005.
[13] 李成,丁天怀.油气井测试的井下远程遥测方式分析[J].油气井测试,2005,14(6):34-37.LI C,DING T H.Analysis of down-hole remote in oil well testing [J].Well Testing,2005,14(6):34-37.
[14] 赵国山,管志川,刘永旺.声波在钻柱中的传播特性[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),2010,34(1):55-59.ZHAO G S,GUAN Z C,LIU Y W.Acoustic Transmission properties in drill string[J].Journal of the University of Petroleum (Edition of Natural Science),2010,34(1):55-59.
[15] 邵春,付信信,褚志伟,等.基于ANSYS的地层分层对EM-MWD信号传输的影响分析[J].钻采工艺,2017,40(4),7-9.SHAO C,FU X X,CHU Z W,et al.ANSYS analysis of effects of strata beddings on EM-MWD signal transmission[J].Drilling & Production Technology,2017,40(4),7-9.
[16] 赵国山,管志川,王伟,等.钻柱结构差异对声传性能的影响[J].天然气工业,2013,33(2):56-60.ZHAO G S,GUAN Z C,WANG W,et al.Impact of drill string structural difference on acoustic transmission characteristics [J].Natural Gas Industry,2013,33(2):56-60.
[17] 邱维清,赵国山.耦合钻井液钻柱声波传播特性研究[J].科学技术与工程,2014,14(25):63-65,82.QIU W Q,ZHAO G S.Research on acoustic transmitting characteristics of drill string channel coupled with drilling fluids[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2014,14(25):63-65,82.