不同土质的浅层土壤水盐运移规律模拟——以内蒙古解放闸灌域为例
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摘要
为了研究不同土质的浅层土壤水盐运移规律,以玉米田间试验为基础,运用一维饱和-非饱和土壤水分及溶质运动理论,对比分析了模拟值与实测值,验证了HYDRUS-1D数值模型的模拟精度,并模拟了内蒙古解放闸灌域4种不同土质的土壤水盐运移,确定了不同灌水定额下不同土壤的水盐动态。结果表明:不同土质下0～10与10～20 cm土壤体积含水量变化基本一致,且土壤含水量随着灌水定额的增大而增大;同等条件下粉砂质黏壤土含水量高于壤土、黏壤土、壤质黏土的含水量;灌水定额越大,粉砂质黏壤土与壤质黏土中的盐分随着水分运动表现的降低效果明显,说明增加适量灌水定额后粉砂质黏壤土与壤质黏土有利于玉米生育生长。利用HYDRUS-1D模型对土壤水盐运移的模拟结果能够为灌域的水盐管理和土壤盐渍化治理提供参考依据。
In order to study the law of water and salt transport in shallow soil under different soil conditions,based on maize field experiment,using one-dimensional saturated-unsaturated soil moisture and solute movement theory,the simulated values and measured values were compared and analyzed,and the simulation accuracy of HYDRUS-1 D numerical model was verified. Four different soils in Jiefangzha irrigation area of Inner Mongolia were simulated. The movement of soil water and salt was determined,and the water and salt dynamics of different soils under different irrigation quota were determined. The results showed that the volume water content of 0 ～ 10 cm and10 ～ 20 cm soils under different soil conditions was basically the same,and the soil water content increased with the increase of irrigation quota; the water content of silty clay loam was higher than that of loam,clay loam and loam clay under the same conditions; the larger irrigation quota,the more water the silty clay loam and loam clay contained,which indicated that silty clay loam and loamy clay were beneficial to the growth and development of maize. The simulation results of soil water and salt transport using HYDRUS-1 D model can provide reference for water and salt management and soil salinization control in irrigation area.
In order to study the law of water and salt transport in shallow soil under different soil conditions,based on maize field experiment,using one-dimensional saturated-unsaturated soil moisture and solute movement theory,the simulated values and measured values were compared and analyzed,and the simulation accuracy of HYDRUS-1 D numerical model was verified. Four different soils in Jiefangzha irrigation area of Inner Mongolia were simulated. The movement of soil water and salt was determined,and the water and salt dynamics of different soils under different irrigation quota were determined. The results showed that the volume water content of 0 ～ 10 cm and10 ～ 20 cm soils under different soil conditions was basically the same,and the soil water content increased with the increase of irrigation quota; the water content of silty clay loam was higher than that of loam,clay loam and loam clay under the same conditions; the larger irrigation quota,the more water the silty clay loam and loam clay contained,which indicated that silty clay loam and loamy clay were beneficial to the growth and development of maize. The simulation results of soil water and salt transport using HYDRUS-1 D model can provide reference for water and salt management and soil salinization control in irrigation area.
引文
[1]朱新军.内蒙古孪井灌区土壤水分运移及节水灌溉模式的研究[D].青岛:中国海洋大学,2004.
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[12]余根坚,黄介生,高占义.基于HYDRUS模型不同灌水模式下土壤水盐运移模拟[J].水利学报,2013,44(7):826-834.
[13]王水献,周金龙,余芳,等.应用HYDRUS-1D模型评价土壤水资源量[J].水土保持研究,2005,12(2):36-38.
[14]唐亚莉.典型试验区土壤水盐运移模型的建立及数值模拟[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆农业大学,2007:40-50.
[15]马欢,杨大文,雷慧闽,等.Hydrus-1D模型在田间水循环规律分析中的应用及改进[J].农业工程学报,2011,27(3):6-12.
[16]张颀,虎胆·吐马尔白.田间试验方法确定非饱和土壤水分运动参数[J].新疆农业科学,2005,42(5):326-329.
[17]徐力刚,杨劲松,徐南军,等.农田土壤中水盐运移理论与模型的研究进展[J].干旱区研究,2004,(3):254-258.
[18] ROBERTS T,LAZAROVITCH N,WARRICK AW,et al. Modelingsalt accumulation with subsurface drip irrigation using hydrus-2d[J].Soil Sci Soc Am J,2009,73(1):233-240.
[2]白忠,徐旭.河套灌区解放闸灌域地下水数值模拟[J].节水灌溉,2008,(2):28-31.
[3]吕桂军,康绍忠,张富仓,等.盐渍化土壤不同入渗条件下水盐运动规律研究[J].人民黄河,2006,28(4):52-54.
[4]唐立松,张佳宝,程心俊,等.GIS与土壤溶质运移模型结合研究进展[J].干旱区地理,2002,25(2):176-182.
[5]孙宇瑞.土壤含水率和盐分对土壤电导率的影响[J].中国农业大学学报,2000,5(4):39-41.
[6]李亮,史海滨,贾锦凤,等.内蒙古河套灌区荒地水盐运移规律模拟[J].农业工程学报,2010,26(1):31-35.
[7] INOUE M,SIMUNEK J,SHIOZAWA S,et al. Simultaneous estima-tion of soil hydraulic and solute transport parameters from transient in-filtration experiments[J]. Advances in Water Resources,2000,23(7):677-688.
[8]叶乐安,刘春平,邵明安.土壤水、热和溶质耦合运移研究进展[J].湖南师范大学自然科学学报,2002,25(2):88-92.
[9]任杰,沈振中,杨杰,等.基于HYDRUS模型低温水入渗下土壤水热运移模拟[J].干旱区研究,2016,33(2):246-252.
[10]郝芳华,孙雯,曾阿妍,等.HYDRUS-1D模型对河套灌区不同灌施情景下氮素迁移的模拟[J].环境科学学报,2008,28(5):853-858.
[11]潘延鑫,罗纨,贾忠华,等.基于HYDRUS模型的盐碱地土壤水盐运移模拟[J].干旱地区农业研究,2017,35(1):135-142.
[12]余根坚,黄介生,高占义.基于HYDRUS模型不同灌水模式下土壤水盐运移模拟[J].水利学报,2013,44(7):826-834.
[13]王水献,周金龙,余芳,等.应用HYDRUS-1D模型评价土壤水资源量[J].水土保持研究,2005,12(2):36-38.
[14]唐亚莉.典型试验区土壤水盐运移模型的建立及数值模拟[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆农业大学,2007:40-50.
[15]马欢,杨大文,雷慧闽,等.Hydrus-1D模型在田间水循环规律分析中的应用及改进[J].农业工程学报,2011,27(3):6-12.
[16]张颀,虎胆·吐马尔白.田间试验方法确定非饱和土壤水分运动参数[J].新疆农业科学,2005,42(5):326-329.
[17]徐力刚,杨劲松,徐南军,等.农田土壤中水盐运移理论与模型的研究进展[J].干旱区研究,2004,(3):254-258.
[18] ROBERTS T,LAZAROVITCH N,WARRICK AW,et al. Modelingsalt accumulation with subsurface drip irrigation using hydrus-2d[J].Soil Sci Soc Am J,2009,73(1):233-240.