低温驯化后水椰八角铁甲生理活性物质含量的变化
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摘要
【目的】分析低温驯化后水椰八角铁甲Octodonta nipae体内各种生理活性物质含量的变化,为揭示水椰八角铁甲耐寒机制提供理论基础。【方法】以25℃处理为对照,将水椰八角铁甲各虫态于12.5,15,17.5和20℃驯化处理10 d后,比较其体内的游离水、蛋白质、氨基酸、粗脂肪、甘油和可溶性糖原等生理活性物质含量的变化。【结果】低温驯化显著影响铁甲体内上述物质的含量水平。低温驯化能提高该铁甲体内甘油和游离氨基酸的含量,降低游离水、蛋白质、粗脂肪、可溶性糖原的含量。与对照相比,12.5℃驯化对该铁甲各虫态体内游离水含量存在显著影响(P<0.01);经12.5,15.0,17.5和20.0℃驯化后,该铁甲各虫态体内蛋白质、粗脂肪含量与对照相比均存在显著差异(P<0.01);经12.5,15.0和17.5℃驯化后,该铁甲各虫态体内游离氨基酸含量与对照存在显著差异(P<0.01);经12.5,15.0,17.5和20℃驯化后,该铁甲各虫态(2龄幼虫除外)体内甘油含量与对照相比存在显著差异(P<0.01);12.5,15.0,17.5和20℃驯化对除2龄幼虫、蛹和成虫外的铁甲其他各虫态体内可溶性糖原含量存在显著影响。经15.0℃驯化处理后铁甲各虫态体内平均甘油含量最高,比对照25℃的平均甘油含量高出约9.4倍,而经12.5℃驯化处理的虫体内的平均甘油含量仅增加3.5倍。【结论】低温驯化对水椰八角铁甲体内相关生理活性物质含量的影响效能是有限的;水椰八角铁甲可以根据不良的环境条件调节最佳的生理状况,以适应未来的环境和达到最强的适应性。
【Aim】The effect of low-temperature acclimation on the contents of related physiologically active substances was determined in Octodonta nipae( Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) to reveal its cold tolerance mechanisms. 【Methods】We compared the contents of different physiological substances such as free water,protein,amino acids,crude fat,glycerol and soluble glycogen between the non-acclimation( 25℃) and acclimation( acclimated at 12. 5,15. 0,17. 5 and 20. 0℃ for 10 d) treated O. nipae.【Results】The contents of related physiologically active substances in O. nipae were significantly affected by acclimation temperatures. With the decrease of the acclimation temperature,the contents of glycerol and amino acids increased,while those of the free water,protein,crude fat and glycogen decreased.Compared with the control,the contents of free water in O. nipae subjected to acclimation at 12. 5℃ had significant changes( P < 0. 01). The contents of protein and crude fat significantly changed when O.nipae was subjected to low-temperature acclimation at 12. 5,15. 0,17. 5 and 20. 0℃,so did the content of the amino acids except under acclimation at 20℃( P < 0. 01). Low temperature acclimation-mediated effects on glycerol content were found in O. nipae at different developmental stages except the 2nd instar larvae. Significant changes in the contents of soluble glycogen were determined in different developmental stages except the 2nd instar larvae,pupae and adults after being acclimated at 12. 5,15. 0,17. 5 and20℃,respectively. The average glycerol content in O. nipae after being acclimated at 15. 0℃ was about9. 4 times higher than that at 25℃. However,after O. nipae was acclimated at 12. 5℃,its average glycerol content increased only 3. 5 times as compared with the control. 【Conclusion】These results indicated that the effect of low-temperature acclimation on the contents of related physiologically active substances in O. nipae was limited. O. nipae could make the optimal physiological adjustments based on the adverse environment conditions to adapt the future environment and maximize their fitness.
【Aim】The effect of low-temperature acclimation on the contents of related physiologically active substances was determined in Octodonta nipae( Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) to reveal its cold tolerance mechanisms. 【Methods】We compared the contents of different physiological substances such as free water,protein,amino acids,crude fat,glycerol and soluble glycogen between the non-acclimation( 25℃) and acclimation( acclimated at 12. 5,15. 0,17. 5 and 20. 0℃ for 10 d) treated O. nipae.【Results】The contents of related physiologically active substances in O. nipae were significantly affected by acclimation temperatures. With the decrease of the acclimation temperature,the contents of glycerol and amino acids increased,while those of the free water,protein,crude fat and glycogen decreased.Compared with the control,the contents of free water in O. nipae subjected to acclimation at 12. 5℃ had significant changes( P < 0. 01). The contents of protein and crude fat significantly changed when O.nipae was subjected to low-temperature acclimation at 12. 5,15. 0,17. 5 and 20. 0℃,so did the content of the amino acids except under acclimation at 20℃( P < 0. 01). Low temperature acclimation-mediated effects on glycerol content were found in O. nipae at different developmental stages except the 2nd instar larvae. Significant changes in the contents of soluble glycogen were determined in different developmental stages except the 2nd instar larvae,pupae and adults after being acclimated at 12. 5,15. 0,17. 5 and20℃,respectively. The average glycerol content in O. nipae after being acclimated at 15. 0℃ was about9. 4 times higher than that at 25℃. However,after O. nipae was acclimated at 12. 5℃,its average glycerol content increased only 3. 5 times as compared with the control. 【Conclusion】These results indicated that the effect of low-temperature acclimation on the contents of related physiologically active substances in O. nipae was limited. O. nipae could make the optimal physiological adjustments based on the adverse environment conditions to adapt the future environment and maximize their fitness.
引文
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Bale JS,2002.Insects and low temperatures:from molecular biology to distributions and abundance.Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B:Biological Sciences,357:849-862.
Bale JS,Hayward SAL,2010.Insect overwintering in a changing climate.Experimental Biology,213:980-994.
Bemani M,Izadi H,Mahdian K,Khani A,Amin samih M,2012.Study on the physiology of diapause,cold hardiness and supercooling point of overwintering pupae of the pistachio fruit hull borer,Arimania comaroffi.Journal of Insect Physiology,58(7):897-902.
Cai WQ,Wang Z,Deng JY,2007.The risk of pests and diseases in the status quo and prevention strategies of palm plants in Guangdong province.Hunan Forestry Science and Technology,34(3):48-50 .[蔡卫群,王忠,邓洁英,2007.广东省棕榈科植物危险性病虫害发生现状与防治策略.湖南林业科技,34(3):48-50]
Chown SL,2001.Physiological variation in insects:hierarchical levels and implications.Journal of Insect Physiology,47(7):649-660.
Danks HV,2007.The elements of seasonal adaptations in insects.Canadian Entomologist,139:1-44.
Denlinger DL,Lee RE,2010.Low Temperature Biology of Insects.Cambridge University Press,Cambridge,UK.
Elderkin CL,Klerks PL,2005.Variation in thermal tolerance among three Mississippi river populations of the zebra mussel,Dreissena polymorpha.Shellfish Research,24(1):221-226.
Elnitsky MA,Hayward SAL,Rinehart JP,Denlinger DL,Lee RE,2008.Cryoprotective dehydration and the resistance to inoculative freezing in the Antarctic midge,Belgica antartica.Experimental Biology,211:524-530.
Guo F,Xin JL,1988.Entomological Experimental Technology.Science Press,Beijing.165-195.[郭郛,忻介六,1988.昆虫学实验技术.北京:科学出版社.165-195]
Han EN,Bauce E,1995.Glycerol synthesis by diapausing larvae in response to the timing of low temperature exposure,and implications for overwintering survival of the spruce budworm,Choristoneura fumiferana.Journal of Insect Physiology,41(11):981-985.
Han RD,Sun XG,Xu YY,Zhang WG,2005.The biochemical mechanism of cold-hardiness in overwintering larva of Dendrolimus spectabilis Butler(Lepidoptera:Lasiocampidae).Acta Ecologica Sinica,25(6):1352-1356.[韩瑞东,孙绪艮,许永玉,张卫光,2005.赤松毛虫越冬幼虫生化物质变化与抗寒性的关系.生态学报,25(6):1352-1356]
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Holmstrup M,Somme L,1998.Dehydration and cold hardiness in the arctic collembolan Onychiurus arcticus Tullberg 1876.Comparative Physiology Part B,168:197-203.
Hou YM,Weng ZQ,2010.Temperature-dependent development and life table parameters of Octodonta nipae(Coleoptera:Chrysomelidae).Environmental Entomology,39(5):1676-1684.
Hou YM,Wu ZJ,Wang CF,2011.The status and harm of biological invasion in Fujian,China.In:Xie LH,You MS,Hou YM eds.Biological Invasions:Problems and Countermeasures.Science Press,Beijing.111-114.[侯有明,吴祖建,王长方,2011.福建生物入侵现状与危害.见:谢联辉,尤民生,侯有明编著.生物入侵:问题与对策.北京:科学出版社.111-114]
Ju RT,Du YZ,2002.Mensuration of super-cooling point and principles of cold hardiness of insects.Wuyi Science Journal,18:252-257.[鞠瑞亭,杜予州,2002.昆虫过冷却点的测定及抗寒机制研究概述.武夷科学,18:252-257]
Klerks PL,Blaha MA,2009.Heat tolerance as an indicator of climate change impacts:general considerations and a case study in poeciliid fish.Environmental Bioindicators,4(1):46-66.
Kruni MD,Radovi IT,1974.The effect of gut-content evacuation on the increase of cold-hardiness in Megachile rotundata.Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata,17:526-528.
Lee RE,Denlinger DL,1991.Insects at Low Temperature.Chapman&Hall,New York.
Li J,Hu XB,2005.China’s major forestry exotic pest species descriptions(Ⅰ).Forest Pest and Disease,24(2):38-40.[李娟,胡学兵,2005.我国主要林业外来有害生物种类简述(Ⅰ).中国森林病虫,24(2):38-40]
Li XC,Wang LZ,2005.Effects of temperature and thermal acclimation on locomotor performance of Macrobiotus hufelandi Schultze(Tardigrada:Macrobiotidae).Acta Zoologica Sinica,51(3):516 -520.[李晓晨,王立志,2005.温度和热驯化对胡氏大生熊虫运动行为的影响.动物学报,51(3):516-520]
Liang QC,Huang FY,Lai TZ,Xu BD,Li ZW,Chen SY,2005.Intercepted dangerous pests Octodonta nipae from immigrated Thailand seedlings.Plant Quarantine,(3):160-161.[梁琼超,黄法余,赖天忠,徐北大,李志伟,陈升毅,2005.从入境泰国种苗截获的危险性害虫水椰八角铁甲.植物检疫,(3):160-161]
Liang ZG,Zhang WG,Liu XH,Meng QY,Sun XG,2005.Coldhardiness analysis of over-wintering larva of Acantholyda posticalis.Chinese Bulletin of Entomology,42(6):695-699.[梁中贵,张卫光,刘学辉,孟庆英,孙绪艮,2005.松阿扁叶蜂越冬幼虫体内抗寒物质分析.昆虫知识,42(6):695-699]
Ma G,Ma CS,2012.Climate warming may increase aphids’dropping probabilities in response to high temperatures.Journal of Insect Physiology,58(11):1456-1462.
Mitchell KA,Hoffmann AA,2010.Thermal ramping rate influences evolutionary potential and species differences for upper thermal limits in Drosophila.Functional Ecology,24(3):694-700.
Niimi T,Yaginuma T,1992.Biosynthesis of NAD-sorbitol dehydrogenase is induced by acclimation at 5℃in diapause eggs of the silkworm,Bombyx mori.Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B,102(1):169-173.
Robbie SW,Craig EF,2002.Testing the beneficial acclimation hypothesis.Trends in Ecology&Evolution,17(2):66-70.
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