乙烯对树莓果实成熟软化的影响
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摘要
采收不同成熟期"哈瑞太兹"树莓果实,成熟期果实室温放置16、30、44、56 h,乙烯利和1-MCP处理白果期果实1、2、3、4、5 d,测定呼吸速率、乙烯生成速率、乙烯相关酶基因RiACO1和RiACS1转录水平以及相关生理指标。发现果实自然成熟过程中未出现呼吸峰和乙烯峰,且采后短时间内呼吸速率及乙烯生成速率无明显变化,乙烯利处理可暂时提高呼吸速率和乙烯生成速率,提高RiACO1和RiACS1转录水平,加速果实变红,降低硬度、可溶性固形物和花青素积累以及可滴定酸和叶绿素含量,而1-MCP处理延缓此过程。据此,树莓可能具有跃变型和非跃变型果实两种呼吸类型的特点。
'Heritage' raspberry fruits of different growth and development periods were collected,mature fruits were placed at room temperature for 16, 30, 44 and 56 h and fruits in the white stage were treated with ethrel and 1-MCP for 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 d, then the respiration rate, ethylene production rate,the transcription levels of RiACO1 and RiACS1 and related physiological parameters were measured. It was found that there was no respiratory peak and ethylene peak during the natural ripening of the raspberry. There was no significant change in the respiratory rate and ethylene production rate in the short-term after harvest of the mature fruit. Ethrel could temporarily increase the respiratory rate and ethylene production rate, also increased the transcription levels of RiACO1 and RiACS1, accelerated fruit reddening, decreased hardness, accumulated soluble solids and anthocyanins content, decreased titratable acid and chlorophyll content, while 1-MCP delayed these processes. Therefore, it was suggested that raspberry might have the characteristics of both climacteric and non-climacteric fruit respiration types.
'Heritage' raspberry fruits of different growth and development periods were collected,mature fruits were placed at room temperature for 16, 30, 44 and 56 h and fruits in the white stage were treated with ethrel and 1-MCP for 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 d, then the respiration rate, ethylene production rate,the transcription levels of RiACO1 and RiACS1 and related physiological parameters were measured. It was found that there was no respiratory peak and ethylene peak during the natural ripening of the raspberry. There was no significant change in the respiratory rate and ethylene production rate in the short-term after harvest of the mature fruit. Ethrel could temporarily increase the respiratory rate and ethylene production rate, also increased the transcription levels of RiACO1 and RiACS1, accelerated fruit reddening, decreased hardness, accumulated soluble solids and anthocyanins content, decreased titratable acid and chlorophyll content, while 1-MCP delayed these processes. Therefore, it was suggested that raspberry might have the characteristics of both climacteric and non-climacteric fruit respiration types.
引文
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[13] Lado J, Gambetta G, Zacarías L. Key determinants of citrus fruit quality:Metabolites and main changes during maturation[J].Scientia Horticulturae, 2018, 233:238-248.
[14] Trainotti L, Pavanello A, Casadoro G. Different ethylene receptors show an increased expression during the ripening of strawberries:Does such an increment imply a role for ethylene in the ripening of these non-climacteric fruits?[J]. Journal of Experimental Botany, 2005, 56(418):2037-2046.
[15] Villarreal N M, Bustamante C A, Civello P M, et al. Effect of ethylene and 1-MCP treatments on strawberry fruit ripening[J]. Journal of the Science of Food&Agriculture, 2010, 90(4):683-689.
[16]?abi?M, Pa?ali?B, Bosancic B. 1-Methylcyclopropene optimal concentration and treatment conditions for extending storage life of strawberries[J]. Agroznanje, 2014, 15:351-362.
[17] Pech J C, Bouzayen M, Latche A. Climacteric fruit ripening:Ethylene-dependent and ethylene-independent regulation of ripening pathways in melon fruit[J]. Plant Science, 2008, 175(1):114-120.
[2] Paul V, Pandey R. Novel postharvest treatments of fresh produce[M]//Pareek S. 1-Methylcyclopropene(1-MCP)treatments. Boca Raton FL Florida:CRC Press, 2018.
[3] Osorio S, Scossa F, Fernie A R. Molecular regulation of fruit ripening[J]. Front Plant Sci, 2013, 4(9):198.
[4] PaulV, PandeyR, Srivastava GC. Thefadingdistinctionsbetween classical patterns of ripening in climacteric and non-climacteric fruit and the ubiquity of ethylene-An overview[J]. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 2012, 49(1):1-21.
[5]葛秋来.树莓果实成熟软化机理的初步研究[D].哈尔滨:东北农业大学, 2013.
[6] Fuentes L, Monsalve L, Morales-Quintana L, et al. Differential expression of ethylene biosynthesis genes in drupelets and receptacle of raspberry(Rubus idaeus)[J]. Journal of Plant Physiology,2015, 179:100-105.
[7] Miret J A, Cela J, Bezerra L A, et al. Application of a rapid and sensitive method for hormonal and vitamin E profiling reveals crucial regulatory mechanisms in flower senescence and fruit ripening[J]. Journal of Plant Growth Regulation, 2014, 33(1):34-43.
[8] Karppinen K, Tegelberg P, H?ggman H, et al. Abscisic acid regulates anthocyanin biosynthesis and gene expression associated with cell wall modification in ripening bilberry(Vaccinium myrtillus L.)fruits[J]. Frontiers in Plant Science, 2018(9):1259.
[9] Livak K J, Schmittgen T D. Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2-ΔΔCTmethod[J].Methods, 2011, 25:402-408.
[10] Jihye J, Chul C S, Sunghee J, et al. A transcriptome approach toward understanding fruit softening in persimmon[J]. Frontiers in Plant Science, 2017(8):1556.
[11]张鹏,陈绍慧,李江阔,等. 1-MCP对‘磨盘柿’采后成熟软化的调控效应[J].果树学报. 2012, 29(3):409-415.
[12]史晓亚.乙烯因子调控甜瓜果实后熟及其相关酶活性、基因表达[D].郑州:河南农业大学, 2014.
[13] Lado J, Gambetta G, Zacarías L. Key determinants of citrus fruit quality:Metabolites and main changes during maturation[J].Scientia Horticulturae, 2018, 233:238-248.
[14] Trainotti L, Pavanello A, Casadoro G. Different ethylene receptors show an increased expression during the ripening of strawberries:Does such an increment imply a role for ethylene in the ripening of these non-climacteric fruits?[J]. Journal of Experimental Botany, 2005, 56(418):2037-2046.
[15] Villarreal N M, Bustamante C A, Civello P M, et al. Effect of ethylene and 1-MCP treatments on strawberry fruit ripening[J]. Journal of the Science of Food&Agriculture, 2010, 90(4):683-689.
[16]?abi?M, Pa?ali?B, Bosancic B. 1-Methylcyclopropene optimal concentration and treatment conditions for extending storage life of strawberries[J]. Agroznanje, 2014, 15:351-362.
[17] Pech J C, Bouzayen M, Latche A. Climacteric fruit ripening:Ethylene-dependent and ethylene-independent regulation of ripening pathways in melon fruit[J]. Plant Science, 2008, 175(1):114-120.