膜孔直径对浑水膜孔灌土壤水氮运移特性的影响
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摘要
通过对西安粉壤土进行4种膜孔直径(6,8,10,12cm)的浑水膜孔肥液自由入渗室内试验,观测并分析了湿润锋运移距离、累积入渗量、湿润体内水分分布以及NO_3~--N和NH_4~+-N运移特性的变化规律。结果表明:膜孔直径对浑水膜孔灌土壤水氮运移特性具有较为显著的影响。不同膜孔直径的浑水膜孔灌肥液自由入渗累积入渗量符合Philip入渗模型;湿润锋运移距离与入渗时间呈极显著的幂函数关系;在相同的入渗时间内,膜孔直径越大,湿润锋运移距离越大,单位膜孔面积累积入渗量越小,同一位置处土壤NO_3~--N和NH_4~+-N含量越大。入渗400min内,在膜孔中心附近区域NO_3~--N和NH_4~+-N含量较高,湿润体内土壤NO_3~--N主要集中分布在距膜孔中心15cm范围内,而NH_4~+-N主要集中分布在距膜孔中心8cm范围内。
The experiments of fertilizer infiltration through muddy water film hole with four diameters(6,8,10 and 12 cm)were carried out in lab using Xi'an silty loam soil.Migration distance of the wetting front,cumulative infiltration,soil water distribution in the wetted body and transport characteristics of and were observed and analyzed.The results showed that:The film hole diameter had a significant effect on transport characteristics of water and nitrogen under the muddy water film hole irrigation.The cumulative infiltration amount of fertilizer through muddy water film hole with different diameters conformed to Philip infiltration model.There was a significant power function relationship between migration distance of the wetting front and infiltration duration.Within the same infiltration time,cumulative infiltration volume of per unit area gradually decreased with the increasing of film hole diameter,while migration distance of the wetting front and contents of NO_3~--N and NH_4~+-N in the same position increased with the increasing of film hole diameter.Content NO_3~--N and NH_4~+-N were both higher in the center of the film hole within 400 minutes of infiltration.The soil NO_3~--N in the wetted body was mainly distributed in the range of 15 cm from the center of the film hole,and NH_4~+-N in the wetted body was mainly distributed in the range of 8 cm from the center of the film hole.
The experiments of fertilizer infiltration through muddy water film hole with four diameters(6,8,10 and 12 cm)were carried out in lab using Xi'an silty loam soil.Migration distance of the wetting front,cumulative infiltration,soil water distribution in the wetted body and transport characteristics of and were observed and analyzed.The results showed that:The film hole diameter had a significant effect on transport characteristics of water and nitrogen under the muddy water film hole irrigation.The cumulative infiltration amount of fertilizer through muddy water film hole with different diameters conformed to Philip infiltration model.There was a significant power function relationship between migration distance of the wetting front and infiltration duration.Within the same infiltration time,cumulative infiltration volume of per unit area gradually decreased with the increasing of film hole diameter,while migration distance of the wetting front and contents of NO_3~--N and NH_4~+-N in the same position increased with the increasing of film hole diameter.Content NO_3~--N and NH_4~+-N were both higher in the center of the film hole within 400 minutes of infiltration.The soil NO_3~--N in the wetted body was mainly distributed in the range of 15 cm from the center of the film hole,and NH_4~+-N in the wetted body was mainly distributed in the range of 8 cm from the center of the film hole.
引文
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[7]刘利华,费良军,朱红艳,等.含沙率对浑水膜孔灌单孔自由入渗特性的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2017,36(12):62-67.
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[11]费良军,王锦辉.泥沙粒度组成对浑水膜孔灌单向交汇入渗特性的影响[J].农业机械学报,2016,47(4):105-112.
[12]费良军,王锦辉,金世杰.不同膜孔直径的浑水膜孔灌自由入渗特性研究[J].农业机械学报,2016,47(2):172-178.
[13]金世杰,费良军,傅渝亮,等.土壤初始含水率对浑水膜孔灌自由入渗特性影响[J].水土保持学报,2016,30(5):235-239.
[14]钟韵,费良军,傅渝亮,等.土壤容重对浑水膜孔灌单点源自由入渗特性的影响[J].水土保持学报,2016,30(2):88-91,96.
[15]脱云飞,费良军,董艳慧,等.土壤容重对膜孔灌水氮分布和运移转化的影响[J].农业工程学报,2009,25(2):6-11.
[16]朱兴华.施肥条件下膜孔自由入渗水、氮运移特性试验研究[D].西安:西安理工大学,2006.
[17]董玉云,费良军,穆红文.肥液浓度对单膜孔入渗NO-3-N运移特性影响的室内试验研究[J].农业工程学报,2006,22(5):204-206.
[18]董玉云,费良军,任建民.土壤质地对单膜孔肥液入渗水分及氮素运移的影响[J].农业工程学报,2009,25(4):30-34.
[19]费良军,刘显,王佳,等.土壤容重对涌泉根灌土壤水氮运移特性的影响[J].农业机械学报,2017,48(8):219-228.
[2]费良军,程东娟,雷雁斌,等.膜孔灌单点源入渗特性与数学模型研究[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2007,35(5):212-216.
[3]王锦辉,费良军,聂卫波.浑水灌溉入渗特性研究进展与展望[J].干旱地区农业研究,2016,34(2):265-270.
[4]董玉云,王宝成,费良军.膜孔肥液单向交汇入渗水氮运移特性试验研究[J].中国农村水利水电,2015(6):91-94.
[5]钟韵,费良军,傅渝亮,等.浑水膜孔灌入渗影响因素[J].排灌机械工程学报,2017,35(2):178-184.
[6]林晓康.不同因素对微咸水膜孔灌水氮盐运移影响[D].河北邯郸:河北工程大学,2015.
[7]刘利华,费良军,朱红艳,等.含沙率对浑水膜孔灌单孔自由入渗特性的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2017,36(12):62-67.
[8]Li Y,Fan Y,Liu Y,et al.In fluencing factors and simplified model of film hole irrigation[J].Water,2017,9(7):543.
[9]Bouwer H,Ludke J,Rrice R C.Sealing pond bottoms with muddy water[J].Ecological Engineering,2001,18(2):5-8.
[10]Saeed M,Mahmood S.Application of film hole irrigation on borders for water saving and sunflower production[J].Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering,2013,38(6):1347-1358.
[11]费良军,王锦辉.泥沙粒度组成对浑水膜孔灌单向交汇入渗特性的影响[J].农业机械学报,2016,47(4):105-112.
[12]费良军,王锦辉,金世杰.不同膜孔直径的浑水膜孔灌自由入渗特性研究[J].农业机械学报,2016,47(2):172-178.
[13]金世杰,费良军,傅渝亮,等.土壤初始含水率对浑水膜孔灌自由入渗特性影响[J].水土保持学报,2016,30(5):235-239.
[14]钟韵,费良军,傅渝亮,等.土壤容重对浑水膜孔灌单点源自由入渗特性的影响[J].水土保持学报,2016,30(2):88-91,96.
[15]脱云飞,费良军,董艳慧,等.土壤容重对膜孔灌水氮分布和运移转化的影响[J].农业工程学报,2009,25(2):6-11.
[16]朱兴华.施肥条件下膜孔自由入渗水、氮运移特性试验研究[D].西安:西安理工大学,2006.
[17]董玉云,费良军,穆红文.肥液浓度对单膜孔入渗NO-3-N运移特性影响的室内试验研究[J].农业工程学报,2006,22(5):204-206.
[18]董玉云,费良军,任建民.土壤质地对单膜孔肥液入渗水分及氮素运移的影响[J].农业工程学报,2009,25(4):30-34.
[19]费良军,刘显,王佳,等.土壤容重对涌泉根灌土壤水氮运移特性的影响[J].农业机械学报,2017,48(8):219-228.