基于HYSPLIT模式的济南机场一次暴雨过程的水汽输送特征分析
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摘要
利用NCEP再分析资料,结合HYSPLIT轨迹模式对2018年6月25日发生在济南遥墙国际机场的一次大暴雨过程的水汽条件及输送过程进行分析。结果表明:此次大暴雨的水汽输送通道主要有3支,一支是源自对流层中层的西北气流输送,另一支是西太平洋上副热带高压边缘东南气流输送,第三支是南海上空向北的气流输送,三支通道中,西太平洋通道和南海通道对暴雨的水汽贡献最大,分别为46%和42%,来自西北通道的水汽输送相对较少,它对暴雨的水汽贡献仅为12%;进一步的分析表明,在850 hPa以下的对流层底部,来自西太平洋通道的水汽输送占据主导地位,而在700 hPa以上的对流层中层,则是来自南海通道的水汽输送占据主导地位。
Using NCEP reanalysis data and the HYSPLIT model, the water vapor transport characteristics during a torrential rain on 25 June 2018 at Jinan Yaoqiang International Airport are analyzed. The results show that there are three major water vapor channels for this torrential rain. One is the northwestern air flow in the middle troposphere,another is the southeastern air flow near the western Pacific subtropical high,and the other is the northward air flow from the South China Sea. The water vapor mainly comes from the western Pacific and the South China Sea,and the contribution rate to the torrential rain is 46% and 42%,respectively. The water vapor from the northwestern channel is less,and its contribution rate is only 12%. Further analysis indicates that the water vapor transport by the western Pacific channel dominates at the bottom of the troposphere below 850 hPa,while the water vapor transport by the South China Sea channel dominates in the middle troposphere above 700 hPa.
Using NCEP reanalysis data and the HYSPLIT model, the water vapor transport characteristics during a torrential rain on 25 June 2018 at Jinan Yaoqiang International Airport are analyzed. The results show that there are three major water vapor channels for this torrential rain. One is the northwestern air flow in the middle troposphere,another is the southeastern air flow near the western Pacific subtropical high,and the other is the northward air flow from the South China Sea. The water vapor mainly comes from the western Pacific and the South China Sea,and the contribution rate to the torrential rain is 46% and 42%,respectively. The water vapor from the northwestern channel is less,and its contribution rate is only 12%. Further analysis indicates that the water vapor transport by the western Pacific channel dominates at the bottom of the troposphere below 850 hPa,while the water vapor transport by the South China Sea channel dominates in the middle troposphere above 700 hPa.
引文
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[21]江志红,梁卓然,刘征宇.拉格朗日气流轨迹模式在气候诊断中的初步应用[C]//中国气象学会.中国气象学会2011年年会论文集.厦门:中国气象学会,2011:963.
[2]吕梅,成新喜,陈中一,等.1994年华南暴雨期间夏季风的特征及其对水汽的输送[J].热带气象学报,1998,14(2):135-141.
[3]梁萍,何金海,陈隆勋,等.华北夏季强降水的水汽来源[J].高原气象,2007,26(3):460-465.
[4]石文静,肖子牛.近60年索马里急流越赤道水汽输送的变化特征及对中国初夏降水的影响[J].气象,2013,39(1):39-45.
[5]苗长明,丁一汇,郭品文,等.水汽输送与江南南部初夏雨季及降水变化的联系[J].气象学报,2015,73(1):72-83.
[6]钱正安,蔡英,宋敏红,等.中国西北旱区暴雨水汽输送研究进展[J].高原气象,2018,37(3):577-590.
[7]杨柳,赵俊虎,封国林.中国东部季风区夏季四类雨型的水汽输送特征及差异[J].大气科学,2018,42(1):81-95.
[8]江志红,梁卓然,刘征宇,等.2007年淮河流域强降水过程的水汽输送特征分析[J].大气科学,2011,35(2):361-372.
[9]任伟.拉格朗日气块追踪分析法在水汽输送研究中的应用[D].南京:南京信息工程大学,2012.
[10]STOHL A,JAMES P.A Lagrangian analysis of the atmospheric branch of the global water cycle.Part I:Method description,validation,and demonstration for the August 2002 flooding in central Europe[J].JHydrometeorol,2004,5(4):656-678.
[11]BERTA,BUZZI A,ZARDI D.Back-tracking water vapour contributing to a precipitation event over Trentino:a case study[J].Meteor Z,2004,13(3):189-200.
[12]BRIMELOW J C,REUTER G W.Transport of atmospheric moisture during three extreme rainfall events over the Mackenzie River Basin[J].J Hydrometeorol,2005,6(4):423-440.
[13]江志红,任伟,刘征宇,等.基于拉格朗日方法的江淮梅雨水汽输送特征分析[J].气象学报,2013,71(2):295-304.
[14]杨浩,江志红,刘征宇,等.基于拉格朗日法的水汽输送气候特征分析---江淮梅雨和淮北雨季的对比[J].大气科学,2014,38(5):965-973.
[15]江志红,浦建,杨浩,等.1998年长江流域特大洪涝期水汽输送过程的诊断分析[J].大气科学学报,2017,40(3):289-298.
[16]李莹,原文杰,徐倩倩,等.华南前汛期降水异常年水汽输送特征分析[J].高原气象,2017,36(2):501-509.
[17]孙力,马梁臣,沈柏竹,等.2010年7~8月东北地区暴雨过程的水汽输送特征分析[J].大气科学,2016,40(3):630-646.
[18]DRAXLER R R,HESS G D.Description of the HYSPLIT_4 modeling system:NOAA Technical Memorandum ERL ARL-224[R].Silver Spring,Maryland:Air Resources Laboratory,1997:1-22.
[19]DRAXLER R R,HESS G D.An overview of HYSPLIT_4modeling system for trajectories dispersion,and deposition[J].Aust Meteor Mag,1998,47(4):295-308.
[20]王佳津,王春学,陈朝平,等.基于HYSPLIT4的一次四川盆地夏季暴雨水汽路径和源地分析[J].气象,2015,41(11):1315-1327.
[21]江志红,梁卓然,刘征宇.拉格朗日气流轨迹模式在气候诊断中的初步应用[C]//中国气象学会.中国气象学会2011年年会论文集.厦门:中国气象学会,2011:963.