滇中红层软岩微观结构及水理特性试验研究
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摘要
滇中红层软岩具有成岩作用差、易产生较大变形、遇水易软化、易崩解等特征,本文采用环境扫描电镜试验和水理特性试验,对红层软岩的微观结构特征,崩解、膨胀、软化等水理特性进行了研究。试验结果表明,红层软岩矿物粒间空隙大多被粘土矿物填充,粘土矿物以伊利石和蒙脱石为主,为混层结构,结晶程度相对较差,多数有蚀变的痕迹。具有微小裂隙的红层软岩在1~2次充分饱水烘干后,崩解性开始显现;随着干湿循环次数增加,岩样的质量变化呈减小趋势;干湿循环次数继续增加,崩解性指数趋于平缓。红层软岩由于风化作用影响程度和自然含水率的差异,岩体内部崩解张力具有明显不均匀性。经过自由浸水48h后,红层软岩的单轴抗压强度降低29.83%~58.47%,各地层软化系数在0.4~0.7之间,遇水后呈现显著软化效应。这些结果为红层软岩地区公路工程建设的工程地质研究提供了一定参考。
The red-bed weak rock in central Yunnan is characterized by poor diagenesis,easy to produce large deformation,and easy to soften and disintegrate in water. This paper presents comprehensive research results of experimental study on microscopic structure and hydraulic features of this rock. The experiments show that the inter-granular space of minerals of this rock is mostly filled with clay minerals,mainly illite and montmorillonite.These clay minerals have dominant mixed layer structure,with relatively poor crystallization degree,most of which have alteration traces. The red-bed weak rock with tiny cracks begins to show disintegrating after 1 ~ 2 times fully water-saturation drying. With increasing times of dry-wet circulation,the quality of the rock change has a trend to become smaller. As this increase continues,its disintegration index tends to be gentle. Because of the differences of weathering degrees and natural moisture content,the internal tension of rock disintegration is obviously inhomogenous. After 48 h of free-water soaking,the uniaxial compressive strength of the red-bed soft rock is decreased by 29. 83% to 58. 47%,and the softening coefficients are between 0. 4 ~0. 7,indicative of a significant softening effect by water. These results can provide some reference for the research of engineering geology in highway engineering construction in areas with red-bed soft rock.
The red-bed weak rock in central Yunnan is characterized by poor diagenesis,easy to produce large deformation,and easy to soften and disintegrate in water. This paper presents comprehensive research results of experimental study on microscopic structure and hydraulic features of this rock. The experiments show that the inter-granular space of minerals of this rock is mostly filled with clay minerals,mainly illite and montmorillonite.These clay minerals have dominant mixed layer structure,with relatively poor crystallization degree,most of which have alteration traces. The red-bed weak rock with tiny cracks begins to show disintegrating after 1 ~ 2 times fully water-saturation drying. With increasing times of dry-wet circulation,the quality of the rock change has a trend to become smaller. As this increase continues,its disintegration index tends to be gentle. Because of the differences of weathering degrees and natural moisture content,the internal tension of rock disintegration is obviously inhomogenous. After 48 h of free-water soaking,the uniaxial compressive strength of the red-bed soft rock is decreased by 29. 83% to 58. 47%,and the softening coefficients are between 0. 4 ~0. 7,indicative of a significant softening effect by water. These results can provide some reference for the research of engineering geology in highway engineering construction in areas with red-bed soft rock.
引文
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Chen Shao-qiu.1998.Application of single-valved high pressure jet grouting in the consolidation of soft subgrade[J].Geology and Exploration,34(5):39-43,63(in Chinese with English abstract)
Cheng Qiang,Zhou De-pei,Kou Xiao-bing.2004.The main geotechnical engineering problems of highway construction in red beds.Proceedings of the 8th National Conference of Rock Mechanics and Engineering[C].Beijing:Science Press:128-131(in Chinese with English abstract)
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Hu Hou-tian,Zhao Xiao-yan.2006.Chinese red layer of slope rock mass structure type of research[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,06:689-694(in Chinese with English abstract)
Huang Sheng-wen,Wang Qi-hai,Guo Chong,Li Liang-jie.2011.The compression of red bed weak rock deformation and weak surface shear test[J].Journal of changsha university of science and technology(natural science edition),02:21-27(in Chinese with English abstract)
Li Bao-xiong,Miao Tian-de.2003.Red layer soft Yan Shun the strength of the landslide slip in the forecast control method[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,S2:2703-2706(in Chinese with English abstract)
Lu Yu-bei.2011.Application of air DTH hammer technology to fast drilling in red beds of Yunnan province[J].Geology and Exploration,47(2):309-315(in Chinese with English abstract)
Nanjing institute of geological paleontology,Chinese academy of sciences,Yunnan Province Geological Survey,Geological exploration company of Yunnan Metallurgy Bureau.1975.Yunnan Mesozoic red layer[M].Bei Jing:Science Press:65-110(in Chinese)
Narayanasamy R.2012.Comparison of regression and artificial neural network model for the prediction of springback during air bending process of interstitial free steel sheet[J].Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing,23(3):357-364
Qiu En-xi,Xie Qiang,Zhao Wen,Hu Qi-jun.2007.Research on engineering characteristics of soft rock slope mass in red beds[J].Geology and Exploration,43(5):96-100(in Chinese with English abstract)
Sun Qiao-bao,Li Wen-long,Liu Zong-xuan,Zeng Xian-qiang,Chen Jun.2005.The red bed weak rock slope rock mass structure and deformation characteristics[J].Highway Traffic Science and Technology,05:47-51(in Chinese with English abstract)
Wang Zhi-jian,Yin Kun-long,Jian Wen-xing.2007.Expermental research on creep of incompetent beds in Jurassic red clastic rocks in Wanzhou[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,28(Supp.):40-44(in Chinese with English abstract)
Wu Dao-xiang,Liu Hong-jie,Wang Guo-qiang.2010.Red bed weak rock avalanche solution and indoor experimental study[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,S2:4173-4179(in Chinese with English abstract)
Zhang Feng,Tang Ju-xing,Chen Hong-de,Fan Xiao-hua,Chen Shenghua,Chen Wen-bin,Wang Cheng-hui,Xie Hui.2010.The evolution and the metallogenic charcteristic of lanping basin[J].Geology and Exploration,46(1):85-92(in Chinese with English abstract)
Zhao Ming-hua,Liu Xiao-ming,Su Yong-hua.2005.Containing a disintegration of soft Yan Gong experimental study material road engineering characteristics[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,06:667-671(in Chinese with English abstract)
Zuo Wen-gui,Peng Zhen-bin,Du Chang-xue.2005.The research of engineering characteristics of“red layer”at the area of Changsha,Zhuzhou,Xiangtan of Hunan province[J].Geology and Exploration,41(5):90-91(in Chinese with English abstract)[附中文参考文献]
陈从新,卢海峰,袁从华,童志怡,沈强,鲁祖德.2010.红层软岩变形特性试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,02:261-270
陈绍求.1998.反射系数(K)法在确定红层地质构造中的应用[J].地质与勘探,34(5):39-43,63
程强,周德培,寇小兵.2004.红层软岩地区公路建设中的主要岩土工程问题.第8次全国岩石力学与工程学术大会论文集[C].北京:科学出版社:128-131
胡文华,赵绍琼,杨子文.1983.四川盆地红层工程性质试验研究[R].水电部成都勘测设计院科学研究所:13-17
胡厚田,赵晓彦.2006.中国红层边坡岩体结构类型的研究[J].岩土工程学报,06:689-694
黄生文,王其海,郭冲,李良杰.2011.红层软岩的压缩变形与弱面剪切试验[J].长沙理工大学学报(自然科学版),02:21-27
李保雄,苗天德.2003.红层软岩顺层滑坡临滑预报的强度控制方法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,S2:2703-2706
卢予北.2011.空气潜孔锤在云南红层中快速钻井工艺应用研究[J].地质与勘探,47(2):309-315
中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所,云南省地质局,云南省冶金局地质勘探公司.1975.云南中生代红层[M].北京:科学出版社:65-110
邱恩喜,谢强,赵文,胡启军.2007.红层软岩边坡岩体工程特性研究[J].地质与勘探,43(5):96-100
孙乔宝,李文龙,刘宗选,曾宪强;陈军.2005.红层软岩的岩体结构及边坡变形特征探讨[J].公路交通科技,05:47-51
王志俭,殷坤龙,简文星.2007.万州区红层软弱夹层蠕变试验研究[J].岩土力学,28(增):40-44
吴道祥,刘宏杰,王国强.2010.红层软岩崩解性室内试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,S2:4173-4179
张峰,唐菊兴,陈洪德,范小华,陈生华,陈文彬,王成辉,解惠.2010.兰坪盆地演化与成矿特征[J].地质与勘探,46(1):85-92
赵明华,刘晓明,苏永华.2005.含崩解软岩红层材料路用工程特性试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,06:667-671
左文贵,彭振斌,杜长学.2005.“长·株·潭”地区“红层”工程性质的研究[J].地质与勘探,41(5):90-91
Chen Cong-xin,Lu Hai-feng,Yuan Cong-hua,Tong Zhi-yi,Shen Qiang,Lu Zu-de.2010.Experimental study on the red bed weak rock deformation characteristics[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,02:261-270(in Chinese with English abstract)
Chen Shao-qiu.1998.Application of single-valved high pressure jet grouting in the consolidation of soft subgrade[J].Geology and Exploration,34(5):39-43,63(in Chinese with English abstract)
Cheng Qiang,Zhou De-pei,Kou Xiao-bing.2004.The main geotechnical engineering problems of highway construction in red beds.Proceedings of the 8th National Conference of Rock Mechanics and Engineering[C].Beijing:Science Press:128-131(in Chinese with English abstract)
Hu Wen-hua,Zhao Shao-qiong,Yang Zi-wen.1983.The sichuan basin,the experimental study on the engineering properties[R].Chengdu survey design science research institute of ministry of water and electricity,13-17(in Chinese)
Hu Hou-tian,Zhao Xiao-yan.2006.Chinese red layer of slope rock mass structure type of research[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,06:689-694(in Chinese with English abstract)
Huang Sheng-wen,Wang Qi-hai,Guo Chong,Li Liang-jie.2011.The compression of red bed weak rock deformation and weak surface shear test[J].Journal of changsha university of science and technology(natural science edition),02:21-27(in Chinese with English abstract)
Li Bao-xiong,Miao Tian-de.2003.Red layer soft Yan Shun the strength of the landslide slip in the forecast control method[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,S2:2703-2706(in Chinese with English abstract)
Lu Yu-bei.2011.Application of air DTH hammer technology to fast drilling in red beds of Yunnan province[J].Geology and Exploration,47(2):309-315(in Chinese with English abstract)
Nanjing institute of geological paleontology,Chinese academy of sciences,Yunnan Province Geological Survey,Geological exploration company of Yunnan Metallurgy Bureau.1975.Yunnan Mesozoic red layer[M].Bei Jing:Science Press:65-110(in Chinese)
Narayanasamy R.2012.Comparison of regression and artificial neural network model for the prediction of springback during air bending process of interstitial free steel sheet[J].Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing,23(3):357-364
Qiu En-xi,Xie Qiang,Zhao Wen,Hu Qi-jun.2007.Research on engineering characteristics of soft rock slope mass in red beds[J].Geology and Exploration,43(5):96-100(in Chinese with English abstract)
Sun Qiao-bao,Li Wen-long,Liu Zong-xuan,Zeng Xian-qiang,Chen Jun.2005.The red bed weak rock slope rock mass structure and deformation characteristics[J].Highway Traffic Science and Technology,05:47-51(in Chinese with English abstract)
Wang Zhi-jian,Yin Kun-long,Jian Wen-xing.2007.Expermental research on creep of incompetent beds in Jurassic red clastic rocks in Wanzhou[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,28(Supp.):40-44(in Chinese with English abstract)
Wu Dao-xiang,Liu Hong-jie,Wang Guo-qiang.2010.Red bed weak rock avalanche solution and indoor experimental study[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,S2:4173-4179(in Chinese with English abstract)
Zhang Feng,Tang Ju-xing,Chen Hong-de,Fan Xiao-hua,Chen Shenghua,Chen Wen-bin,Wang Cheng-hui,Xie Hui.2010.The evolution and the metallogenic charcteristic of lanping basin[J].Geology and Exploration,46(1):85-92(in Chinese with English abstract)
Zhao Ming-hua,Liu Xiao-ming,Su Yong-hua.2005.Containing a disintegration of soft Yan Gong experimental study material road engineering characteristics[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,06:667-671(in Chinese with English abstract)
Zuo Wen-gui,Peng Zhen-bin,Du Chang-xue.2005.The research of engineering characteristics of“red layer”at the area of Changsha,Zhuzhou,Xiangtan of Hunan province[J].Geology and Exploration,41(5):90-91(in Chinese with English abstract)[附中文参考文献]
陈从新,卢海峰,袁从华,童志怡,沈强,鲁祖德.2010.红层软岩变形特性试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,02:261-270
陈绍求.1998.反射系数(K)法在确定红层地质构造中的应用[J].地质与勘探,34(5):39-43,63
程强,周德培,寇小兵.2004.红层软岩地区公路建设中的主要岩土工程问题.第8次全国岩石力学与工程学术大会论文集[C].北京:科学出版社:128-131
胡文华,赵绍琼,杨子文.1983.四川盆地红层工程性质试验研究[R].水电部成都勘测设计院科学研究所:13-17
胡厚田,赵晓彦.2006.中国红层边坡岩体结构类型的研究[J].岩土工程学报,06:689-694
黄生文,王其海,郭冲,李良杰.2011.红层软岩的压缩变形与弱面剪切试验[J].长沙理工大学学报(自然科学版),02:21-27
李保雄,苗天德.2003.红层软岩顺层滑坡临滑预报的强度控制方法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,S2:2703-2706
卢予北.2011.空气潜孔锤在云南红层中快速钻井工艺应用研究[J].地质与勘探,47(2):309-315
中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所,云南省地质局,云南省冶金局地质勘探公司.1975.云南中生代红层[M].北京:科学出版社:65-110
邱恩喜,谢强,赵文,胡启军.2007.红层软岩边坡岩体工程特性研究[J].地质与勘探,43(5):96-100
孙乔宝,李文龙,刘宗选,曾宪强;陈军.2005.红层软岩的岩体结构及边坡变形特征探讨[J].公路交通科技,05:47-51
王志俭,殷坤龙,简文星.2007.万州区红层软弱夹层蠕变试验研究[J].岩土力学,28(增):40-44
吴道祥,刘宏杰,王国强.2010.红层软岩崩解性室内试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,S2:4173-4179
张峰,唐菊兴,陈洪德,范小华,陈生华,陈文彬,王成辉,解惠.2010.兰坪盆地演化与成矿特征[J].地质与勘探,46(1):85-92
赵明华,刘晓明,苏永华.2005.含崩解软岩红层材料路用工程特性试验研究[J].岩土工程学报,06:667-671
左文贵,彭振斌,杜长学.2005.“长·株·潭”地区“红层”工程性质的研究[J].地质与勘探,41(5):90-91