化感水稻不育系‘化57S’田间抑制稗草能力表现评价
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摘要
评价化感水稻不育系‘化57S’田间抑制稗草能力及稳定性表现及探究其在育种上的研究利用前景。以‘PI312777’和‘化感稻3号’为对照,分3期播种,对5个抑草性状及其稳定性表现进行分析。‘化57S’在3个播期中均表现出良好的抑制稗草能力,其灌浆期抑草率3个播期平均值介于对照‘PI312777’和‘化感稻3号’之间,且差异不显著,其余4个抑草性状在3个播期也均与对照差异不显著;‘化57S’灌浆期抑草率、稗草平均株高和稗草单株干物重3个抑草性状的稳定性均优于2个对照,其中灌浆期抑草率稳定性最好,变异系数仅为4.51%,可作为初步评价‘化57S’化感潜力的一个指标;相关性分析表明,化感作用和竞争作用共同决定化感稻田间整体抑草效果,化感作用主要是抑制稗草萌发,竞争作用既抑制影响稗草存活率又抑制存活稗草的生物量积累、但两者之间相关不明显。化感水稻不育系‘化57S’是一个田间抑制稗草能力较好且部分抑草性状稳定性好的化感稻材料,初步显示出具有良好的研究利用前景。
The objective is to evaluate the inhibitory effect and the stability of an allelopathic rice male sterileline‘N57S'on barnyard grass(Echinochloa crus-galli L. Beauv) in filed, and explore the prospect of‘N57S'in rice breeding.‘PI312777'and‘allelopathic rice 3'were used as control. Three sowing dates were set up.Five kinds of weed suppression traits and their stability were analyzed. The results showed that,‘N57S'performed strong weed suppression ability against barnyard grass in three sowing dates. The average inhibitionrate of‘N57S'at filling stage in three sowing dates was between‘PI312777'and‘allelopathic rice 3',showing no significant difference. The other four weed suppression traits also showed no significant differencecompared with the control in three sowing dates. The stability of the inhibition rate of filling stage of‘N57S'and the average plant height and the dry weight per plant of associated barnyard grass were better than those of the two controls. The stability of the inhibition rate of filling stage of‘N57S'was the best among the five weedsuppression traits, and its coefficient of variability was just 4.51%. And then the inhibition rate of filling stageof‘N57S'can be regarded as a standard to evaluate the allelopathy of‘N57S'preliminarily. The correlationanalysis showed that the total inhibitory effect of allelopathic rice on barnyard grass was decided by theallelopathy effect and competition effect jointly. And the germination of barnyard grass was mainly suppressedby the allelopathy effect, while the survival rate and the biomass accumulation of the survival barnyard grasswas mainly inhibited by the competition effect, but the correlation between them was not statisticallysignificant.‘N57S'was an excellent allelopathic rice material which performed strong inhibitory ability onbarnyard grass and had some stable weed suppression traits in field, owning brilliant prospect in applicationand study.
The objective is to evaluate the inhibitory effect and the stability of an allelopathic rice male sterileline‘N57S'on barnyard grass(Echinochloa crus-galli L. Beauv) in filed, and explore the prospect of‘N57S'in rice breeding.‘PI312777'and‘allelopathic rice 3'were used as control. Three sowing dates were set up.Five kinds of weed suppression traits and their stability were analyzed. The results showed that,‘N57S'performed strong weed suppression ability against barnyard grass in three sowing dates. The average inhibitionrate of‘N57S'at filling stage in three sowing dates was between‘PI312777'and‘allelopathic rice 3',showing no significant difference. The other four weed suppression traits also showed no significant differencecompared with the control in three sowing dates. The stability of the inhibition rate of filling stage of‘N57S'and the average plant height and the dry weight per plant of associated barnyard grass were better than those of the two controls. The stability of the inhibition rate of filling stage of‘N57S'was the best among the five weedsuppression traits, and its coefficient of variability was just 4.51%. And then the inhibition rate of filling stageof‘N57S'can be regarded as a standard to evaluate the allelopathy of‘N57S'preliminarily. The correlationanalysis showed that the total inhibitory effect of allelopathic rice on barnyard grass was decided by theallelopathy effect and competition effect jointly. And the germination of barnyard grass was mainly suppressedby the allelopathy effect, while the survival rate and the biomass accumulation of the survival barnyard grasswas mainly inhibited by the competition effect, but the correlation between them was not statisticallysignificant.‘N57S'was an excellent allelopathic rice material which performed strong inhibitory ability onbarnyard grass and had some stable weed suppression traits in field, owning brilliant prospect in applicationand study.
引文
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[15]Kim K U,Shin D H.Progress and prospect of rice allelopathy research//Zeng R S,eds.Allelopathy in Sustainable Agriculture and Forest[M].New York:Springer,2008,189-213.
[16]Geaiy D,Ottis B,Talbert R,et al.Evaluation and improvement of allelopathic rice germplasm at Stuttgart,Arkansas,USA[C]//Harper J D I,An M,Wu H,et al.eds.Proceedings Fourth World Congress on Allelopathy.Australia:Harper J D I,2005:157-163.
[17]刘探,彭海峰,覃凤玲,等.化感杂交稻田间抑制稗草能力及其杂种优势表现[J].杂交水稻,2014,29(4):56-62.
[18]李海波,侯守贵,代贵金,等.水稻和稗草种间竞争关系研究现状[J].中国农学通报,2011,27(15):259-262.
[19]李贵,吴竟仑,王一专,等.不同水稻品种抑制杂草潜力的田间评价[J].中国农业科学,2010,43(5):965-971.
[20]林文雄,何海斌,熊君,等.水稻化感作用及其分子生态学研究进展[J].生态学报,2006,26(8):2687-2694.
[21]赵艳红,梁耀,彭懿紫.水稻化感品种生理生化特性研究[J].西南农业学报,2006,19(3):452-455.
[22]余柳青,徐正浩,郭怡卿,等.野生稻和非洲栽培稻抗稗草作用研究初报[J].中国水稻科学,2002,16(3):288-290.
[23]周少川,孔垂华,李宏,等.水稻品种化感特性与农艺性状的关系[J].应用生态学报,2005,16(4):737-739.
[24]刘探,彭海峰,覃凤玲,等.化感稻新品系抑制稗草能力的田间表现[J].广东农业科学,2014,41(6):19-23.
[25]Olofsdotter M.Getting closer to breeding for competitive ability and the role of allelopathy-An example from rice(Oryza sativa)[J].Weed Technology,2012,9(2):798-806.
[26]覃凤玲,彭海峰,饶佳兴,等.化感稻田间化感抑草率的稳定性研究[J].中国农学通报,2015,31(15):180-186.
[2]郭怡卿,陆永良.水稻化感作用与杂草的生物防治[J].中国生物防治学报,2015,31(2):157-165.
[3]朱文达.稗对水稻生长和产量性状的影响及其经济阈值[J].植物保护学报,2005,32(1):81-86.
[4]孔垂华,徐效华,梁文举,等.水稻化感品种根分泌物中非酚酸类化感物质的鉴定与抑草活性[J].生态学报,2004,24(7):1317-1322.
[5]胡飞,孔垂华,徐效华,等.水稻化感材料的抑草作用及其机制[J].中国农业科学,2004,37(8):1160-1165.
[6]徐正浩,余柳青,赵明.水稻对稗草的化感作用研究[J].应用生态学报,2003,14(5):737-740.
[7]邓国富,李杨瑞.水稻化感作用研究进展及展望[J].西南农业学报,2006,19(5):962-968.
[8]张玲,张卫明,顾龚平,等.水稻化感作用的机制与应用的研究进展[J].中国野生植物资源,2006,25(5):1-4.
[9]何华勤,董章杭,梁义元,等.水稻化感作用研究的新进展[J].农业现代化研究,2002,23(2):140-143.
[10]Hagedom C,Rice E L.Biological control of weeds and plant diseases:Advances in Applied Allelopathy[J].Bioscience,1996,46(7):70.
[11]刘探,彭海峰,覃凤玲,等.2种种植方式下不同化感杂交稻组合和新品系对稗草的抑制作用[J].中国农学通报,2014,30(24):171-180.
[12]王大力,马瑞霞,刘秀芬.水稻化感化感抗草种质资源的初步研究[J].中国农业科学,2000,33(3):94-96.
[13]朱红莲,孔垂华,胡飞,等.水稻种质资源的化感潜力评价方法[J].中国农业科学,2003,36(7):788-792.
[14]Dilday R H,Mattice J D,Moldenhauer K A,et al.Allelopathic potential in rice germplasm against ducksalad,redstem and barnyard grass[J].Journal of Crop Production,2008,4(2):287-301.
[15]Kim K U,Shin D H.Progress and prospect of rice allelopathy research//Zeng R S,eds.Allelopathy in Sustainable Agriculture and Forest[M].New York:Springer,2008,189-213.
[16]Geaiy D,Ottis B,Talbert R,et al.Evaluation and improvement of allelopathic rice germplasm at Stuttgart,Arkansas,USA[C]//Harper J D I,An M,Wu H,et al.eds.Proceedings Fourth World Congress on Allelopathy.Australia:Harper J D I,2005:157-163.
[17]刘探,彭海峰,覃凤玲,等.化感杂交稻田间抑制稗草能力及其杂种优势表现[J].杂交水稻,2014,29(4):56-62.
[18]李海波,侯守贵,代贵金,等.水稻和稗草种间竞争关系研究现状[J].中国农学通报,2011,27(15):259-262.
[19]李贵,吴竟仑,王一专,等.不同水稻品种抑制杂草潜力的田间评价[J].中国农业科学,2010,43(5):965-971.
[20]林文雄,何海斌,熊君,等.水稻化感作用及其分子生态学研究进展[J].生态学报,2006,26(8):2687-2694.
[21]赵艳红,梁耀,彭懿紫.水稻化感品种生理生化特性研究[J].西南农业学报,2006,19(3):452-455.
[22]余柳青,徐正浩,郭怡卿,等.野生稻和非洲栽培稻抗稗草作用研究初报[J].中国水稻科学,2002,16(3):288-290.
[23]周少川,孔垂华,李宏,等.水稻品种化感特性与农艺性状的关系[J].应用生态学报,2005,16(4):737-739.
[24]刘探,彭海峰,覃凤玲,等.化感稻新品系抑制稗草能力的田间表现[J].广东农业科学,2014,41(6):19-23.
[25]Olofsdotter M.Getting closer to breeding for competitive ability and the role of allelopathy-An example from rice(Oryza sativa)[J].Weed Technology,2012,9(2):798-806.
[26]覃凤玲,彭海峰,饶佳兴,等.化感稻田间化感抑草率的稳定性研究[J].中国农学通报,2015,31(15):180-186.