面向生态友好型远洋海岛群的储电概念船舶及其供能路径优化策略研究
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摘要
远洋海岛群可再生能源十分丰富,各岛屿就地开发条件得天独厚,然而受限于地理隔离,负荷中心岛难以直接得到电力供给,而铺设电缆或大规模配置储能价格不菲。该文提出基于储电船舶的远洋海岛群能量调度优化策略。首先针对海岛群差异化资源禀赋的互补特性提出共享储能的概念,通过分时段共享的方式提高设备利用率,降低系统储能设备的整体规模,并建立起时空耦合情况下的能量流、交通流混合模型。在此基础之上,充分考虑日前调度预测误差,以多场景负荷中心岛切负荷均值最小、系统运行成本均值最少为目标,借助统一平台对储电船舶进行时空调度,灵活消纳多形态新能源和进行负荷支撑。仿真结果表明,基于EV的远洋海岛群能量供给系统实现了岛屿间的无缝连接和能量的动态平衡。该文为远洋海岛群的经济、可靠运行提供了一个全新的视角。
Pelagic clustering islands are rich in renewable energy, and local development conditions of each island are advantaged. However, limited by geographical isolation, the load center island cannot directly obtain power supply. Laying cables or deploying energy storage equipments on a large scale is expensive. An energy scheduling optimization strategy for pelagic clustering islands based on electric vessel was proposed. Firstly, according to the complementary characteristics of differential resource endowment of clustering islands, the concept of shared storage was put forward, which improved equipment utilization and reduced the overall scale of system energy storage equipment by time-sharing leasing. Besides, a mixed model of energy flow and traffic flow was established under the condition of time and space coupling. On this basis, fully considering the day-ahead scheduling prediction error, aiming at minimizing mean load shedding value of the load center island and the average operation cost of system in multiple scenarios, electric vessel was scheduled in time and space to consume multi-modality new energy flexibly and support load with the help of a unified platform. The simulation results show that pelagic clustering islands energy supply system based on the electric vessel realizes seamless connection among islands and dynamic balance of energy. This paper provides a new perspective for the economic and reliable operation of pelagic clustering islands.
Pelagic clustering islands are rich in renewable energy, and local development conditions of each island are advantaged. However, limited by geographical isolation, the load center island cannot directly obtain power supply. Laying cables or deploying energy storage equipments on a large scale is expensive. An energy scheduling optimization strategy for pelagic clustering islands based on electric vessel was proposed. Firstly, according to the complementary characteristics of differential resource endowment of clustering islands, the concept of shared storage was put forward, which improved equipment utilization and reduced the overall scale of system energy storage equipment by time-sharing leasing. Besides, a mixed model of energy flow and traffic flow was established under the condition of time and space coupling. On this basis, fully considering the day-ahead scheduling prediction error, aiming at minimizing mean load shedding value of the load center island and the average operation cost of system in multiple scenarios, electric vessel was scheduled in time and space to consume multi-modality new energy flexibly and support load with the help of a unified platform. The simulation results show that pelagic clustering islands energy supply system based on the electric vessel realizes seamless connection among islands and dynamic balance of energy. This paper provides a new perspective for the economic and reliable operation of pelagic clustering islands.
引文
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[27]孙丙香,何婷婷,牛军龙,等.基于换电和电池租赁模式的纯电动汽车运营成本评估及预测研究[J].电工技术学报,2014,29(4):316-322.Sun Bingxiang,He Tingting,Niu Junlong,et al.The operational cost evaluation and prognosis of pure electric bus based on battery swap and leasing mode[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2014,29(4):316-322(in Chinese).
[2]秦川,鞠平,闻丹银,等.近海可再生能源综合发电的系统构建与并网方式[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(13):2013-2021.Qin Chuan,Ju Ping,Wen Danyin,et al.Hybrid offshore wind,wave and tidal turbine energy conversion system:structure and electrical interface[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(13):2013-2021(in Chinese).
[3]韩立民,王爱香.保护海岛资源科学开发和利用海岛[J].海洋开发与管理,2004,21(6):30-33.Han Limin,Wang Aixiang.Protect island resources:scientific development and utilization of islands[J].Ocean Development and Management,2004,21(6):30-33(in Chinese).
[4]王晓彤,林集明,陈葛松,等.广东-海南500kV海底电缆输电系统电磁暂态研究[J].电网技术,2008,32(12):6-11.Wang Xiaotong,Lin Jiming,Chen Gesong,et al.Electromagnetic transient analysis of 500k V submarine cable transmission system from Guangdong to Hainan[J].Power System Technology,2008,32(12):6-11(in Chinese).
[5]崔杨,朱加明,葛延峰,等.计及限风特性与经济性的大规模集中充放电储能系统容量配置研究[J].电网技术,2016,40(2):484-490.Cui Yang,Zhu Jiaming,Ge Yanfeng,et al.Study on capacity configuration of large-scale energy storage system under concentrated charge and discharge based on wind curtailment characteristics and economics[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(2):484-490(in Chinese).
[6]林湘宁,陈冲,周旋,等.远洋海岛群综合能量供给系统[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(1):98-109.Lin Xiangning,Chen Chong,Zhou Xuan,et al.Integrated energy supply system of pelagic clustering islands[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(1):98-109(in Chinese).
[7]刘明俊,齐传新.风、流对航行安全影响的探讨[J].水运科技信息,1998(3):32-34.Liu Mingjun,Qi Chuanxin.Discussion on the influence of wind and flow on navigation safety[J].Transportation Science and Technology,1998(3):32-34(in Chinese).
[8]郭敏智.涠洲岛海底电力电缆工程方案比选[J].石油规划设计,2010,21(6):52-53.Guo Minzhi.Comparison and selection of the submarine power cable program for Weizhou island[J].Petroleum Planning&Engineering,2010,21(6):52-53(in Chinese).
[9]蒋凯,李浩秒,李威,等.几类面向电网的储能电池介绍[J].电力系统自动化,2013,37(1):47-53.Jiang Kai,Li Haomiao,Li Wei,et al.On several battery technologies for power grids[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2013,37(1):47-53(in Chinese).
[10]彭传圣,李庆祥,李静,等.我国营运船舶市场准入燃料消耗限值标准及其实施方法[J].水运管理,2011,33(11):7-11.Peng Chuansheng,Li Qingxiang,Li Jing,et al.Standard of fuel consumption limits and its implementation in China's operation[J].Shipping Management,2011,33(11):7-11(in Chinese).
[11]郑志来.共享经济的成因、内涵与商业模式研究[J].现代经济探讨,2016(3):32-36.Zheng Zhilai.Study on the cause,connotation and business model of sharing economy[J].Modern Economic Research,2016(3):32-36(in Chinese).
[12]刘宪珍.小型纯电动船舶永磁同步电机控制系统的优化设计[J].舰船科学技术,2015,37(7):132-135.Liu Xianzhen.The optimization design of the control system of permanent magnet synchronous motor on small electric ship[J].Ship Science and Technology,2015,37(7):132-135(in Chinese).
[13]付军,甘世红.混合动力电动船舶现状及前景分析[J].科技视界,2015(8):133,249.Fu Jun,Gan Shihong.The present situation and prospect analysis of hybrid electric ships[J].Science and Technology Vision,2015(8):133,249(in Chinese).
[14]王一鸣,周国平.实船航速测试数据的风力影响修正方法探讨[J].造船技术,1992(5):25-29.Wang Yiming,Zhou Guoping.Discussion on modification method of wind impact on test data of real speed of ship[J].Journal of Marine Technology,1992(5):25-29(in Chinese).
[15]王瑞华,郝燕玲,许兆新.数据挖掘技术在海流要素辅助船舶导航中的应用研究[J].中国造船,2004,45(4):64-70.Wang Ruihua,Hao Yanling,Xu Zhaoxin.The application research of data mining technology in the assisting ship navigation using ocean current[J].Shipbuilding of China,2004,45(4):64-70(in Chinese).
[16]朱永祺,陆卫华.谈船舶等功率航行与能效[J].航海,2016(3):71-73.Zhu Yongqi,Lu Weihua.Discussion on equal power navigation and energy efficiency of ships[J].Navigation,2016(3):71-73(in Chinese).
[17]陶顺,肖湘宁,温剑锋,等.电动汽车分散充电设施配比度分析与计算方法[J].电工技术学报,2014,29(8):11-19.Tao Shun,Xiao Xiangning,Wen Jianfeng,et al.Configuration ratio for distributed electrical vehicle charging infrastructures[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2014,29(8):11-19(in Chinese).
[18]丁明,王波,赵波,等.独立风光柴储微网系统容量优化配置[J].电网技术,2013,37(3):575-581.Ding Ming,Wang Bo,Zhao Bo,et al.Configuration optimization of capacity of standalone PV-Wind-Diesel-Battery hybrid microgrid[J].Power System Technology,2013,37(3):575-581(in Chinese).
[19]Shields M D,Teferra K,Hapij A,et al.Refined stratified sampling for efficient monte carlo based uncertainty quantification[J].Reliability Engineering&System Safety,2015,142:310-325.
[20]Xu Y,Dong Z Y,Zhang R,et al.Multi-Timescale coordinated voltage/var control of high renewable-penetrated distribution systems[J].IEEETransactions on Power Systems,2017,32(6):4398-4408.
[21]魏繁荣,随权,林湘宁,等.考虑可转移负荷效率的风/光/柴/蓄孤岛微网日运行能量控制优化策略[J].中国电机工程学报,2018,38(4):1045-1053.Wei Fanrong,Sui Quan,Lin Xiangning,et al.Optimized energy control strategy about daily operation of islanded microgrid with wind/photovoltaic/diesel/battery under consideration of transferable load efficiency[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2018,38(4):1045-1053(in Chinese).
[22]詹俊鹏,郭创新,吴青华,等.快速群搜索优化算法及其在电力系统经济调度中的应用[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(S1):1-6.Zhan Junpeng,Guo Chuangxin,Wu Qinghua,et al.Fast group search optimizer and its application to the economic dispatch of power systems[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2012,32(S1):1-6(in Chinese).
[23]周兆黎,李淑君,梁广建.南沙永暑礁近海面风的特征分析[J].广东气象,2012,34(4):14-17.Zhou Zhaoli,Li Shujun,Liang Guangjian.Characteristic analysis of near surface wind around fiery cross reef of Nansha islands[J].Guangdong Meteorology,2012,34(4):14-17(in Chinese).
[24]朱良生,陈秀华,邱章.永暑礁海区潮汐海流特征分析[J].海洋通报,2005,24(4):1-7.Zhu Liangsheng,Chen Xiuhua,Qiu Zhang.Characteristics analysis of tide and current at Yongshu reef[J].Marine Science Bulletin,2005,24(4):1-7(in Chinese).
[25]罗青龙.基于储电船舶时空分布特性的远洋海岛微电网能量优化管理研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2016.Luo Qinglong.Study on optimal energy management for off-shore island microgrid based on temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of electric vessels[D].Wuhan:Huazhong University of Science and Technology,2016(in Chinese).
[26]高赐威,张亮,薛飞,等.集中型充电站容量规划模型研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(31):27-34.Gao Ciwei,Zhang Liang,Xue Fei,et al.Study on capacity and site planning of large-scale centralized charging stations[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2012,32(31):27-34(in Chinese).
[27]孙丙香,何婷婷,牛军龙,等.基于换电和电池租赁模式的纯电动汽车运营成本评估及预测研究[J].电工技术学报,2014,29(4):316-322.Sun Bingxiang,He Tingting,Niu Junlong,et al.The operational cost evaluation and prognosis of pure electric bus based on battery swap and leasing mode[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2014,29(4):316-322(in Chinese).