汉泰语言中“头”的隐喻探究
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摘要
"头"作为人体器官是人类认识世界的起点之一。通过考察与统计发现含"头"与"???"相关的汉泰成语的数量可观。本文拟以这些成语作为基本研究对象,分别从空间隐喻、容器隐喻以及转喻三个视角进行系统地对比分析。研究结果表明汉泰成语中"头"与"???"衍生出的转喻、隐喻以及转隐喻表达具有相通性,这种语言现象证明了隐喻的普遍性,但受不同文化的影响和制约,汉泰民族在相同事物上的认知也表现出一定的分歧,彰显了两种民族文化的个性特征。
At present, metonymy and metaphor are recognized as are flections of the basic human thinking. In this regard, human body parts are the basis and starting point of human cognitions. Through investigation and statistics, it is founded that a number of Chinese-Thai languages are related to "head. In other word, the comparison using the body organ "head" is considerable. On this basis, this paper attempts to systematically compare them from the three perspectives including spatial metaphor, container metaphor, and metonymy. Research results show that metonymy and metaphor expressions are derived from "head" and in both languages. The two languages share such similarities; both are based on expression and the interaction of metonymy and metaphor. But due to cultural constraints, there will be certain differences between the two peoples in treating the same things. This shows the uniqueness cultural values of the two peoples.
At present, metonymy and metaphor are recognized as are flections of the basic human thinking. In this regard, human body parts are the basis and starting point of human cognitions. Through investigation and statistics, it is founded that a number of Chinese-Thai languages are related to "head. In other word, the comparison using the body organ "head" is considerable. On this basis, this paper attempts to systematically compare them from the three perspectives including spatial metaphor, container metaphor, and metonymy. Research results show that metonymy and metaphor expressions are derived from "head" and in both languages. The two languages share such similarities; both are based on expression and the interaction of metonymy and metaphor. But due to cultural constraints, there will be certain differences between the two peoples in treating the same things. This shows the uniqueness cultural values of the two peoples.
引文
[1]李瑛,文旭.从“头”认知——转喻、隐喻与一词多义现象研究[J].外语教学,2006(3):1-5.
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[4]陈素琴.汉泰身体器官成语比较研究[D].重庆:重庆师范大学,2009.
[5]韩平.汉泰脸部器官词语的认知对比研究[D].上海:上海交通大学,2013.
[6]慧琳.汉泰五官词语比喻义的比较研究[D].济南:山东大学,2016.
[7] Lakoff G&Johnson M.Metaphors We Live by[M].Chicago:University of Chicago Press,1980.
[8]束定芳.论隐喻产生的认知、心理和语言原因[J].外语学刊,2000(2):23-33.
[9] Lakoff G.Woman,Fire and Dangerous things:what Categories Reveal about the Mind[M].Chicago:University of Chicago Press,1987.
[10] Yu N.The Contemporary Theory of Metaphor[M].Amsterdam Philadelphia:John Benjamins Publishing Company,1998.
[2]韦海滢.汉越语人体词“头”的隐喻对比研究[D].南宁:广西民族大学,2016.
[3]林那然.与五官有关的汉语成语和泰成语比较[D].南京:南京师范大学,2007.
[4]陈素琴.汉泰身体器官成语比较研究[D].重庆:重庆师范大学,2009.
[5]韩平.汉泰脸部器官词语的认知对比研究[D].上海:上海交通大学,2013.
[6]慧琳.汉泰五官词语比喻义的比较研究[D].济南:山东大学,2016.
[7] Lakoff G&Johnson M.Metaphors We Live by[M].Chicago:University of Chicago Press,1980.
[8]束定芳.论隐喻产生的认知、心理和语言原因[J].外语学刊,2000(2):23-33.
[9] Lakoff G.Woman,Fire and Dangerous things:what Categories Reveal about the Mind[M].Chicago:University of Chicago Press,1987.
[10] Yu N.The Contemporary Theory of Metaphor[M].Amsterdam Philadelphia:John Benjamins Publishing Company,1998.