淹水对水肥耦合管理竹叶花椒幼苗渗透性物质含量的影响
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摘要
为揭示不同水肥管理竹叶花椒的耐涝适应机制,以竹叶花椒为试验材料,采用土壤水分[包括0%、40%、60%和80%田间持水量(FWC)]、氮肥[包括0、75、150和300 kg/hm~2(N)]、磷肥[包括0、30、60和120 kg/hm~2(P2O5)]和钾肥[包括0、75、150和300 kg/hm~2(K_2O)]四因素四水平正交设计试验,经水肥处理盆栽90 d后,测定持续淹水0、1、3、5 d植株叶片质膜透性、渗透物质含量和外观表型及排水后的恢复情况,并利用隶属函数法对各水肥处理后植株耐涝性进行综合评价.结果显示,在淹水过程中,T_(12)(N_(300)P_(30)K_0+60%FWC)处理植株叶片受害程度最轻、耐涝性最强,T_8(N_(300)P_(60)K_(75)+40%FWC)、T_9(N_0P_(60)K_(300)+60%FWC)、T_(10)(N_(75)P_(120)K_(150)+60%FWC)、T_(11)(N_(150)P_0K_(75)+60%FWC)和T_(12)(N_(300)P_(30)K_0+60%FWC)处理排水后期可恢复正常生长,而其余处理植株均死亡.淹水期间,各水肥耦合竹叶花椒质膜透性和脯氨酸含量均表现为上升趋势;可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量均呈现出先上升后下降的趋势,在第3天达到最大值.通过综合隶属函数法估算出在60.8%FWC、243 kg/hm~2(N)、97 kg/hm~2(P_2O_5)、243 kg/hm~2(K_2O)水肥管理条件下植株可获得较强的耐涝性.因此,适宜的土壤水分和N、P、K配施对促进竹叶花椒幼苗生长和抗逆性提高具有重要作用.
This study aimed to explore the impact of f looding stress on osmotic adjustment substance contents and the waterlogging resistance acclimation mechanism of Zanthoxylum armatum upon coupling of water and fertilizer management. A pot experiment with four factors and a four-level orthogonal design, including soil moisture(20%, 40%, 60%, and 80% field water capacity(FWC)) and nitrogen(N 0, 75, 150, and 300 kg/hm~2), phosphorous(including P_2O_5 0, 30, 60, and 120 kg/hm~2), and potassium(K_2O 0, 75, 150, and 300 kg/hm~2) fertilizers, was conducted to study the leaf membrane permeability, osmotic material content, and appearance of phenotypes during waterlogging for 0 d, 1 d, 3 d, and 5 d and plant recovery after drainage. A subordinate function was applied to comprehensively evaluate the impact of water and fertilizer on the waterlogging resistance of seedlings. The results showed that T_(12)(N_(300)P_(30)K_0+60%FWC) treatment caused the least damage to leaves and resulted in the highest resistance to waterlogging. After drainage, the seedlings of T_8(N_(300)P_(60)K_(75)+40%FWC), T_9(N_0P_(60)K_(300)+60%FWC), T_(10)(N_(75)P_(120)K_(150)+60%FWC)、T_(11)(N_(150)P_0K_(75)+60%FWC) and T_(12)(N_(300)P_(30)K_0+60%FWC) treatments could return to normal growth levels, while the others died. During waterlogging stress, free proline content and relative conductivity of leaves in all treatments were increased, leaf soluble sugar and soluble protein contents increased until they reached maximum values and then declined, and the maximum values were observed on the 3 rd day in case of all treatments. The optimal combination of water and fertilizer for protection against waterlogging stress included 60.8% FWC, 243 kg/hm~2 N, 97 kg/hm~2 P_2O_5, and 243 kg/hm~2 K_2O, which was determined by a comprehensive evaluation of waterlogging resistance. The results suggest that appropriate soil moisture and N, P, and K fertilizer application are important for promoting growth and enhancing stress resistance of Z. armatum seedlings.
This study aimed to explore the impact of f looding stress on osmotic adjustment substance contents and the waterlogging resistance acclimation mechanism of Zanthoxylum armatum upon coupling of water and fertilizer management. A pot experiment with four factors and a four-level orthogonal design, including soil moisture(20%, 40%, 60%, and 80% field water capacity(FWC)) and nitrogen(N 0, 75, 150, and 300 kg/hm~2), phosphorous(including P_2O_5 0, 30, 60, and 120 kg/hm~2), and potassium(K_2O 0, 75, 150, and 300 kg/hm~2) fertilizers, was conducted to study the leaf membrane permeability, osmotic material content, and appearance of phenotypes during waterlogging for 0 d, 1 d, 3 d, and 5 d and plant recovery after drainage. A subordinate function was applied to comprehensively evaluate the impact of water and fertilizer on the waterlogging resistance of seedlings. The results showed that T_(12)(N_(300)P_(30)K_0+60%FWC) treatment caused the least damage to leaves and resulted in the highest resistance to waterlogging. After drainage, the seedlings of T_8(N_(300)P_(60)K_(75)+40%FWC), T_9(N_0P_(60)K_(300)+60%FWC), T_(10)(N_(75)P_(120)K_(150)+60%FWC)、T_(11)(N_(150)P_0K_(75)+60%FWC) and T_(12)(N_(300)P_(30)K_0+60%FWC) treatments could return to normal growth levels, while the others died. During waterlogging stress, free proline content and relative conductivity of leaves in all treatments were increased, leaf soluble sugar and soluble protein contents increased until they reached maximum values and then declined, and the maximum values were observed on the 3 rd day in case of all treatments. The optimal combination of water and fertilizer for protection against waterlogging stress included 60.8% FWC, 243 kg/hm~2 N, 97 kg/hm~2 P_2O_5, and 243 kg/hm~2 K_2O, which was determined by a comprehensive evaluation of waterlogging resistance. The results suggest that appropriate soil moisture and N, P, and K fertilizer application are important for promoting growth and enhancing stress resistance of Z. armatum seedlings.
引文
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