2016年北京城区生活饮用水34种元素水平
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摘要
目的了解北京市城区生活饮用水中34种元素的水平。方法于2016年9月15日—20日在北京市四个方向的城区随机选取92户家庭,采集自来水以及其中24户家庭的净水设备出水,检测并评价其中饮用水标准中规定有标准限值的17种元素。结果除了个别家庭自来水中铁和汞元素超出限值外,其余家庭的17项元素指标均符合《生活饮用水卫生标准》的要求。一次供水18种元素检出率为3.1%~63.1%,16种稀土元素的检出率为47.6%~100%;二次供水18种元素检出率为3.7%~63.0%,16种稀土元素的检出率48.9%~100%;净水设备出水18种元素检出率为4.2%~75.0%。净水设备出水和二次供水中的银元素浓度明显高于一次供水(F_(Ag)=4.21,P<0.05),其余33种元素在不同供水方式的饮用水样中没有明显差异。硒、镍和铁三种元素浓度在城区四个不同地理方位的市政供水样品中存在差异(F_(Se)=3.64,P<0.05;F_(Ni)=3.38,P<0.05;F_(Fe)=3.83,P<0.05)。结论 2016年北京市城区提供给居民一次供水和二次供水的饮用水水质是有保证的。
Objective To analyze the concentration of 34 kinds of elements in drinking water in Beijing. Methods From September 15 th to 20 th,2016,92 families from four directions in Beijing urban area were randomly selected and drinking water from them were collected. In 24 of the 92 families,water samples were also collected from water treatment devices. The concentrations of 17 kinds of elements were determined then evaluated. Results The concentration of 17 kinds of elements meet the hygiene standards of drinking water in all of the drinking water samples except that the iron and mercury concentration of one sample exceed the quality limits. The central water supply 18 kinds of elements detection rate was 3. 1%-63. 1%,the detection rate of 16 kinds of rare earth elements was 47. 6%-100%. Secondary water supply 18 kinds of elements detection rate was 3. 7%-63. 0%,16 kinds of rare earth elements in the detection rate of 48. 9%-100%. Water treatment devices 18 kinds of metal elements detection rate was 4. 2%-75. 0%. The silver concentration in water samples from water treatment devices and secondary water was significantly higher than that from central water supply( F_(Ag)= 4. 21,P < 0. 05),no significant difference was observed in the rest of the 33 elements in watersamples from different water supply significant difference in the concentration of element selenium,nickel and iron was observed among the water samples from four different directions of Beijing( F_(Se)= 3. 64,P < 0. 05; F_(Ni)= 3. 38,P < 0. 05; F_(Fe)= 3. 83,P <0. 05). Conclusion The water quality of central water supply samples and secondary drinking water supply samples in Beijing met the hygiene standards.
Objective To analyze the concentration of 34 kinds of elements in drinking water in Beijing. Methods From September 15 th to 20 th,2016,92 families from four directions in Beijing urban area were randomly selected and drinking water from them were collected. In 24 of the 92 families,water samples were also collected from water treatment devices. The concentrations of 17 kinds of elements were determined then evaluated. Results The concentration of 17 kinds of elements meet the hygiene standards of drinking water in all of the drinking water samples except that the iron and mercury concentration of one sample exceed the quality limits. The central water supply 18 kinds of elements detection rate was 3. 1%-63. 1%,the detection rate of 16 kinds of rare earth elements was 47. 6%-100%. Secondary water supply 18 kinds of elements detection rate was 3. 7%-63. 0%,16 kinds of rare earth elements in the detection rate of 48. 9%-100%. Water treatment devices 18 kinds of metal elements detection rate was 4. 2%-75. 0%. The silver concentration in water samples from water treatment devices and secondary water was significantly higher than that from central water supply( F_(Ag)= 4. 21,P < 0. 05),no significant difference was observed in the rest of the 33 elements in watersamples from different water supply significant difference in the concentration of element selenium,nickel and iron was observed among the water samples from four different directions of Beijing( F_(Se)= 3. 64,P < 0. 05; F_(Ni)= 3. 38,P < 0. 05; F_(Fe)= 3. 83,P <0. 05). Conclusion The water quality of central water supply samples and secondary drinking water supply samples in Beijing met the hygiene standards.
引文
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[3]蒋慧,雷宁生,胡彩珍,等.2011-2013年广西涉水产品溶出金属元素检测结果分析[J].应用预防医学,2014(4):245-246.
[2]隗金华.2011年北京市房山区农村生活饮用水的卫生状况[J].职业与健康,2012,28(11):1385-1386.
[3]蒋慧,雷宁生,胡彩珍,等.2011-2013年广西涉水产品溶出金属元素检测结果分析[J].应用预防医学,2014(4):245-246.