冲拔式调质热处理高压气瓶局部开裂的失效分析
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摘要
为了研究冲拔式高压气瓶调质热处理后局部开裂失效原因,对调质热处理后开裂的高压气瓶材料的化学成分、力学性能、宏观和微观断口和金相组织进行试验研究和分析,并对高压气瓶制造过程进行分析。结果表明,在拔伸过程中,滚动环模中使用不合格的锡青铜套,当瓶坯通过滚动环模时,滚动环模内的铜套因转动磨损或掉块,磨损的铜粉或掉块掉落到温度1000℃左右的瓶坯上,被滚动环模压入到瓶体上,并且瓶坯通过时横向摆动,铜粉在气瓶上呈横向或斜向分布。带有铜粉或铜块的气瓶,在调质热处理温度870℃加热过程中,铜元素向内表面扩散,淬火快速冷却时,产生铜脆开裂。
To research the reason of local cracking failure on high pressure cylinders manufacturing by piercing and drawing after quenching and tempering(Q + T),through the experimental research and analysis on the chemical composition,mechanical property,macro and micro rupture,and metallurgical structure of cracked cylinders after Q + T,and analysis on high pressure cylinders manufacturing process.The results show:using the unqualified tin bronze ring in the rolling ring mould under the drawing process,the turning of tin bronze ring in rolling ring mould caused abrasion or falling off block when the blank passed through the rolling ring mould,the bronze powder or block on the blank with about 1000 ℃ were pressed into the surface of the blank.The bronze powder in the surface of blank was transverse or diagonal because the blank transverse swing when blank passing through the rolling ring mould.For the cylinders with bronze powder or block,the bronze spread from the outside surface to the inside surface under the 870 ℃heating of Q + T,caused cracks because bronze embrittlement when quick ly quenching cooling by water medium.
To research the reason of local cracking failure on high pressure cylinders manufacturing by piercing and drawing after quenching and tempering(Q + T),through the experimental research and analysis on the chemical composition,mechanical property,macro and micro rupture,and metallurgical structure of cracked cylinders after Q + T,and analysis on high pressure cylinders manufacturing process.The results show:using the unqualified tin bronze ring in the rolling ring mould under the drawing process,the turning of tin bronze ring in rolling ring mould caused abrasion or falling off block when the blank passed through the rolling ring mould,the bronze powder or block on the blank with about 1000 ℃ were pressed into the surface of the blank.The bronze powder in the surface of blank was transverse or diagonal because the blank transverse swing when blank passing through the rolling ring mould.For the cylinders with bronze powder or block,the bronze spread from the outside surface to the inside surface under the 870 ℃heating of Q + T,caused cracks because bronze embrittlement when quick ly quenching cooling by water medium.
引文
[1]林承前.典型冲压工艺与模具设计[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2014.
[2]李瑶瑶.钢瓶冲孔压机压制特性分析及控制系统设计[D].北京:燕山大学,2014.
[3]GB 5099—1994,钢质无缝气瓶[S].
[4]GB 13447—2008,无缝气瓶用钢坯[S].
[5]张宇斌,张志波.压缩天然气用34Cr Mo4高压气瓶开裂分析[J].压力容器,2014,31(8):59-62.
[6]赵骏,陈义,陈容,等.气瓶铜脆缺陷分析[J].热加工工艺,2014,43(4):220-222.
[7]方红荣,武园浩,许光,等.基于损伤累积理论的气瓶正弦振动疲劳分析[J].压力容器,2016,33(8):27-32.
[8]江学强,吉卫.铜脆产生原因及防止措施[J].制造技术及实践,2006(5):48-50.
[9]韩乐,王莉,陈玉鑫,等.耐候钢铜脆缺陷的分析与控制[J].河北冶金,2014(9):12-15.
[10]宋坤,李长荣.残余铜元素导致钢材热脆性的影响因素[J].热加工工艺,2015,44(10):27-30.
[11]张树存,马茜.板坯连铸机结晶器铜板材质及表面镀层技术[J].有色金属,2009,61(4):35-38.
[12]GB/T 1176—2013,铸造铜及铜合金[S].
[2]李瑶瑶.钢瓶冲孔压机压制特性分析及控制系统设计[D].北京:燕山大学,2014.
[3]GB 5099—1994,钢质无缝气瓶[S].
[4]GB 13447—2008,无缝气瓶用钢坯[S].
[5]张宇斌,张志波.压缩天然气用34Cr Mo4高压气瓶开裂分析[J].压力容器,2014,31(8):59-62.
[6]赵骏,陈义,陈容,等.气瓶铜脆缺陷分析[J].热加工工艺,2014,43(4):220-222.
[7]方红荣,武园浩,许光,等.基于损伤累积理论的气瓶正弦振动疲劳分析[J].压力容器,2016,33(8):27-32.
[8]江学强,吉卫.铜脆产生原因及防止措施[J].制造技术及实践,2006(5):48-50.
[9]韩乐,王莉,陈玉鑫,等.耐候钢铜脆缺陷的分析与控制[J].河北冶金,2014(9):12-15.
[10]宋坤,李长荣.残余铜元素导致钢材热脆性的影响因素[J].热加工工艺,2015,44(10):27-30.
[11]张树存,马茜.板坯连铸机结晶器铜板材质及表面镀层技术[J].有色金属,2009,61(4):35-38.
[12]GB/T 1176—2013,铸造铜及铜合金[S].