耐高温表层材料选择及层合后隔热性对比分析
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摘要
为保障消防员的人身安全,满足避火服的高温耐火隔热需求,分别选择厚度为6. 5和7. 0μm的铝箔与玄武岩基布和玻璃纤维基布复合制备得到耐高温隔热材料,通过热重(TG)分析仪测试基布和复合材料的热稳定性能;采用光谱仪测试单反射层和其层合后的反射、透射性能;使用织物绝热测试装置研究层合后材料的耐热冲击性能。结果表明:6. 5μm铝箔在全波段(240～2 600 nm)的平均反射率为90. 34%,透射率为0. 023%; 7. 0μm铝箔+玄武岩布在全波段的平均反射率最高为90. 23%,透射率为0. 025%;在火焰热冲击测试中6. 5μm铝箔+玄武岩布的耐热冲击性能最好,能在600～800℃高温环境下维持400 s,试样正反表面平均温差为511℃,是很好的隔热材料。
In order to meet the requirements of fire resistant and heat insulation funtions of fire protection clothing and protect firemen's personal safety,6. 5 μm and 7. 0 μm aluminum foils were combined with basalt and glass fiber to prepare heat-resistant and heat-insulating materials. The thermal stability of base cloth and composites was tested by thermogravimetric( TG) analyzer. The reflection and transmission performance of single reflection layer and its interlayer were tested by spectrometer,and performance of thermal shock resistance of laminated materials was studied by using fabric adiabatic test devices. The results show that the average reflectivity and transmittance of 6. 5 μm aluminum foil in all band( 240-2 600 nm) are 90. 34% and 0. 023% respectively,that the average reflectivity of 7. 0 μm aluminum foil and basalt fabric composite is 90. 23% and the transmittance is 0. 025%,and that in flame thermal shock tests,6. 5 μm aluminum foil and basalt fabric composit has the best performace of thermal shock resistance which can hold for 400 seconds at 600-800 ℃ high temperature,and the average temperature difference between the positive and negative surface of the sample is 511 ℃,which shows that 6. 5 μm aluminum foil and basalt fabric composite is a good thermal insulation material.
In order to meet the requirements of fire resistant and heat insulation funtions of fire protection clothing and protect firemen's personal safety,6. 5 μm and 7. 0 μm aluminum foils were combined with basalt and glass fiber to prepare heat-resistant and heat-insulating materials. The thermal stability of base cloth and composites was tested by thermogravimetric( TG) analyzer. The reflection and transmission performance of single reflection layer and its interlayer were tested by spectrometer,and performance of thermal shock resistance of laminated materials was studied by using fabric adiabatic test devices. The results show that the average reflectivity and transmittance of 6. 5 μm aluminum foil in all band( 240-2 600 nm) are 90. 34% and 0. 023% respectively,that the average reflectivity of 7. 0 μm aluminum foil and basalt fabric composite is 90. 23% and the transmittance is 0. 025%,and that in flame thermal shock tests,6. 5 μm aluminum foil and basalt fabric composit has the best performace of thermal shock resistance which can hold for 400 seconds at 600-800 ℃ high temperature,and the average temperature difference between the positive and negative surface of the sample is 511 ℃,which shows that 6. 5 μm aluminum foil and basalt fabric composite is a good thermal insulation material.
引文
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[3]吴海军,钱坤,曹海建.织物结构参数对热传递性能的影响[J].纺织学报,2007,28(2):21-23.WU Haijun,QIAN Kun,CAO Haijian.Effect of fabric structure parameters on its heat transfer property[J].Journal of Textile Research,2007,28(2):21-23.
[4]张博思,张佳庆,孟燕华.性能化防火设计中设定人员安全判据研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2017,27(2):41-46.ZHANG Bosi,ZHANG Jiaqing,MENG Yanhua.Study on establishing personnel safety criteria in performance-based design[J].China Safety Science Journal,2017,27(2):41-46.
[5]郝立才.防明火绝热柔性复合织物的失效行为研究[D].上海:东华大学,2011.HAO Licai.The invalidation behaviour of fire protective and heat insulating flexible composite fabrics[D].Shanghai:Donghua University,2011.
[6]曹永强,柳素燕.新型消防员隔热防护服外层面料结构及加工[J].防护装备技术研究,2011(1):9-10.CAO Yongqiang,LIU Suyan.Outer fabric construction and machining of new insulation protective clothing for fireman[J].China Personal Protective Equipment,2011(1):9-10.
[7]王小丹.复合结构隔热材料的制备与性能研究[D].上海:上海工程技术大学,2011.WANG Xiaodan.Preparation and performance research of heat insulating materials with composite structures[D].Shanghai:Shanghai University of Engineering Science,2011.
[8]GA10-2014,消防员灭火防护服[S].GA10-2014,Fireman's protective clothing for firefighting[S].
[9]漆政昆,张和平,黄冬梅,等.消防服用织物材料热湿舒适性综合评价[J].中国安全科学学报,2012,22(4):132-137.QI Zhengkun,ZHANG Heping,HUANG Dongmei,et al.Comprehensive evaluation of thermal and moisture comfortableness of fabric for firefighter protective clothing[J].China Safety Science Journal,2012,22(4):132-137.
[10]LI Defu,YANG Weiping,LIU Xiaoxu.Heat transfer characteristics of multilayer insulation materials[J].Spacecraft Environment Engineering,2013,30(3):302-309.
[11]魏亮,刘介正,李肇魁.新型消防服外层镀铝阻燃隔热面料的研发及性能测试[J].产业用纺织品,2014(4):12-14.WEI Liang,LIU Jiezheng,LI Zhaokui.Performance testing and the study of new fire retardant fabric for the outer layer of firefighter clothing[J].Technical Textiles,2014(4):12-14.
[12]赵南,李昂,靳松,等.森林消防防护服面料的研发及性能的研究[J].通讯世界,2015(1):237-238.ZHAO Nan,LI Ang,JIN Song,et al.Research on the research and development of forest fire protection clothing fabric and its performance[J].Telecom World,2015(1):237-238.
[13]HAO Licai,YU Weidong.Comparison of the morphological structure and thermal properties of basalt fiber and glass fiber[J].Journal of Xian Polytechnic University,2009,23(2):327-331.
[14]ABBOTT N J,SCHULMAN S.Protection from fire:nonflammable clothing-a review[J].Fire Technology,1976,12(3):204-218.
[15]QUINTIERE J.Radiative characteristics of fire fighters'coat fabrics[J].Fire Technology,1974,10(2):153-161.
[16]ZHANG Zhuomin,FU Ceji,ZHU Qunzhi.Optical and thermal radiative properties of semiconductors related to micro nanotechnology[J].Advances in Heat Transfer,2003,37(3):179-296.