微型断路器灭弧失效分析及性能优化设计
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摘要
针对目前居民用微型断路器故障频发和灭弧能力严重不足的问题,开展微型断路器灭弧失效分析及性能优化研究。在分析微型断路器灭弧失效机理的基础上,提出优化设计技术路线图,建立微型断路器失效仿真模型,分析燃弧时间与栅片数量之间的关系,分析并给出模型关键优化参数的取值,对提出的4种设计方案进行仿真分析,得出最佳优化设计方案。通过对优化前、后的微型断路器样品进行实验分析可知,与优化前相比,试品优化后的分断时间和燃弧时间均显著减少,焦耳积分明显降低。实验结果与仿真结果相符,表明该优化设计方案可明显提升微型断路器的灭弧性能和分断能力,有效提高微型断路器的可靠性、安全性和稳定性,解决微型断路器灭弧失效的难题。
In order to solve the problems that the present inhabitant miniature circuit breaker failure frequently occur and the arc extinguishing ability is short, the miniature circuit breaker arc extinguishing failure analysis and performance optimization research are carried out in this paper. On the basis of analyzing the arc extinguishing failure mechanism of miniature circuit breaker, the optimization design technology roadmap is proposed, the failure simulation model of miniature circuit breaker is built, the relationship between arcing time and the number of chutes is analyzed, the values of key optimization parameters are analyzed and given, the four design schemes are simulated and,the best optimization design are obtained. Through the test and analysis of the miniature circuit breaker samples before and after optimization, it can be seen that after the optimization of the sample, the breaking time and arcing time are significantly reduced, and the Joule integral is significantly reduced, the test results are consistent with the simulation results. Simulation and test results show that the optimization designs can obviously improve the arc extinguishing performance and breaking capacity of miniature circuit breaker, reduce the arcing time and breaking time, effectively improve the reliability, security and stability of miniature circuit breakers and effectively solves the problem of miniature circuit breaker arc extinguishing failure.
In order to solve the problems that the present inhabitant miniature circuit breaker failure frequently occur and the arc extinguishing ability is short, the miniature circuit breaker arc extinguishing failure analysis and performance optimization research are carried out in this paper. On the basis of analyzing the arc extinguishing failure mechanism of miniature circuit breaker, the optimization design technology roadmap is proposed, the failure simulation model of miniature circuit breaker is built, the relationship between arcing time and the number of chutes is analyzed, the values of key optimization parameters are analyzed and given, the four design schemes are simulated and,the best optimization design are obtained. Through the test and analysis of the miniature circuit breaker samples before and after optimization, it can be seen that after the optimization of the sample, the breaking time and arcing time are significantly reduced, and the Joule integral is significantly reduced, the test results are consistent with the simulation results. Simulation and test results show that the optimization designs can obviously improve the arc extinguishing performance and breaking capacity of miniature circuit breaker, reduce the arcing time and breaking time, effectively improve the reliability, security and stability of miniature circuit breakers and effectively solves the problem of miniature circuit breaker arc extinguishing failure.
引文
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[19]董文亮,郭兴宇,梁德世,等.基于电磁斥力机构的直流真空断路器模块[J].电工技术学报,2018,33(5):1068-1075.Dong Wenliang,Guo Xingyu,Liang Deshi,et al.DCvacuum circuit breaker module based on electromagnetic repulsive mechanism[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2018,33(5):1068-1075.
[20]中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局.GB10963.1.家用及类似场所用过电流保护断路器第一部分:用于交流的断路器[S].2005.
[21]杨飞,荣命哲,吴翊,等.考虑栅片烧蚀金属蒸气的栅片切割空气电弧仿真与实验研究[J].物理学报,2011,60(5):1-8.Yang Fei,Rong Mingzhe,Wu Yi,et al.Simulation and experimental study of grid slice cutting air arc considering gate plate ablation of metal vapor[J].Acta Physical Sinica,2011,60(5):1-8.
[2]Xiong Dezhi,Chen Xiangqun,Yang Jie,et al.Arcing failure analysis of miniature circuit breaker using nano-W-Cu material[J].Emerging Materials Research2018,7(1):25-31.
[3]Xiong Dezhi,Chen Xiangqun,Yang Jie.Optimization of a low-voltage load switch for a smart meter based on a double response surface model[J].MAPAN-Journal of Metrology Society of India,2018,5(25):1-10.
[4]Jeanvoine N.FEM Simulation of the temperature distribution and power density at platinum cathode craters caused by high voltage ignition discharges[J].Journal of Physics D:Applied Physics,2009,42(3):35-43.
[5]Rieder E.Low current arc modes of short length and time:a review[J].IEEE Transactions on Components and Packaging Technologies,2000,23(2):286-292.
[6]Li Weili,Wang Purui,Li Jinyang,et al.Influence of stator parameter variation and phase-shift under synchronizing out of phase on turbine generator electromagnetic field[J].IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion,2017,68(10):263-272.
[7]熊德智,陈向群,杨杰,等.电机式低压智能微型断路器控制系统设计[J].电测与仪表,2016,53(23):117-121.Xiong Dezhi,Chen Xiangqun,Yang Jie,et al.Control system design of motor type low-voltage miniature circuit breaker[J].Electrical Measurement&Instrumentation,2016,53(23):117-121.
[8]戴水东,鞠文哲,夏克文,等.采用PSO算法对低压断路器的低能耗优化设计[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(19):100-106.Dai Shuidong,Ju Wenzhe,Xia Kewen,et al.Optimized design of low energy consumption for low voltage circuit breakers using PSO algorithm[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(19):100-106.
[9]赵志斌,邓二平,张朋,等.换流阀用与直流断路器用压接型IGBT器件差异分析[J].电工技术学报2017,32(19):125-133.Zhao Zhibin,Deng Erping,Zhang Peng,et al Difference analysis between crimping type IGBTdevices for converter valves and DC circuit breakers[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(19):125-133.
[10]徐彪,尹项根,张哲,等.基于拓扑图元信息融合的电网故障诊断模型[J].电工技术学报,201833(3):512-522.Xu Biao,Yin Xianggen,Zhang Zhe,et al.Power grid fault diagnosis model based on topological information fusion[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2018,33(3):512-522.
[11]季良,刘颖异,周翔,等.利用开断模型分析引弧板对低压断路器电弧运动的影响[J].西安交通大学学报,2016,50(10):27-35.Ji Liang,Liu Yingyi,Zhou Xiang,et al.Influence of different arc run-on end tab on the arc movement process of low voltage circuit breaker with interruption model[J].Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University,2016,50(10):27-35.
[12]张志强,张国钢,郄爽,等.微型断路器中灭弧栅片对电弧磁吹力的实验研究[J].电器与能效管理技术,2016(15):13-16.Zhang Zhiqiang,Zhang Guogang,Qie Shuang,et al.Experimental study of magnetic blowout forces of splitter plates acting on electric arc in miniature circuit breakers[J].Electrical&Energy Management Technology,2016(15):13-16.
[13]李兴文,王云峰,原帅,等.微型断路器短路开断过程中电极烧蚀特性仿真研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(11):26-35.Li Xingwen,Wang Yunfeng,Yuan Shuai,et al.Simulation research on electrode erosion characteristics of MCB during short circuit interruption process[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(11):26-35.
[14]刘城.微型断路器灭弧侧板材料的研究[J].低压电器,2011(8):1-3.Liu Cheng.Research on arc extinction lateral plate material for miniature circuit breaker[J].Low Voltage Device,2011(8):1-3.
[15]Ji Liang,Chen Degui,Liu Yingyi,et al.Analysis and improvement of linkage transfer position for the operating mechanism of MCCB[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2011,26(1):214-219.
[16]Wang Xia,Zhao Jun.Autonomous switched control of load shifting robot manipulators[J].IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics,2017,64(9):7161-7170.
[17]Sargolzaei A,Yen K K,Abdelghani M N.Preventing time-delay switch attack on load frequency control in distributed power systems[J].IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid,2016,7(2):1176-1185.
[18]张力,阮江军,黄道春,等.双盘式线圈结构快速斥力机构设计与运动特性仿真研究[J].电工技术学报,2018,33(2):255-264.Zhang Li,Ruan Jiangjun,Huang Daochun,et al.Study on the design and movement characteristics simulation of a fast repulsion mechanism based on double-coil structure[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2018,33(2):255-264.
[19]董文亮,郭兴宇,梁德世,等.基于电磁斥力机构的直流真空断路器模块[J].电工技术学报,2018,33(5):1068-1075.Dong Wenliang,Guo Xingyu,Liang Deshi,et al.DCvacuum circuit breaker module based on electromagnetic repulsive mechanism[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2018,33(5):1068-1075.
[20]中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局.GB10963.1.家用及类似场所用过电流保护断路器第一部分:用于交流的断路器[S].2005.
[21]杨飞,荣命哲,吴翊,等.考虑栅片烧蚀金属蒸气的栅片切割空气电弧仿真与实验研究[J].物理学报,2011,60(5):1-8.Yang Fei,Rong Mingzhe,Wu Yi,et al.Simulation and experimental study of grid slice cutting air arc considering gate plate ablation of metal vapor[J].Acta Physical Sinica,2011,60(5):1-8.