建成环境对居民出行方式选择影响效应的异质性研究
|
摘要
为了分析研究建成环境对家庭不同成员出行方式选择行为影响效果的异质性,基于南京市居民出行调查数据和城市总体规划土地利用及公共交通系统现状信息,分别构建了以居民出行方式选择行为为因变量的经典计量模型和空间误差模型。对比两个模型的拟合优度发现,后者在拟合慢行和公交出行方式行为中可以有效提高模型的准确度。在对比建成环境对家庭不同成员出行方式选择行为的影响中,得出土地利用的多样化、公共交通服务水平的提高可以有效减少小汽车的出行次数,但这种影响仅仅作用在非户主家庭成员身上;此外模型结果还对停车换乘发展模式的可行性提供了理论依据,同时也从道路设计的角度提出了构建友好出行环境的重要性。
This study aims to investigate the heterogeneous effect of a built environment on different members in the same household based on the residents' travel survey, urban planning, and information about public transportation in Nanjing. We used both the classic regression and spatial error models to analyze the data of household members' travel mode choices. After comparing the good of fitness of the two models, we discovered that the spatial error model performs better. Furthermore, the comparison between the effects of the built environment on different members in the same household shows that mixed land use and an extensive public transportation service only reduces the car-use of the members who are not the heads-of-households. In addition, the model results indicate the practicability of the park and ride development and demonstrates the importance of improving the quality of pedestrian environments.
This study aims to investigate the heterogeneous effect of a built environment on different members in the same household based on the residents' travel survey, urban planning, and information about public transportation in Nanjing. We used both the classic regression and spatial error models to analyze the data of household members' travel mode choices. After comparing the good of fitness of the two models, we discovered that the spatial error model performs better. Furthermore, the comparison between the effects of the built environment on different members in the same household shows that mixed land use and an extensive public transportation service only reduces the car-use of the members who are not the heads-of-households. In addition, the model results indicate the practicability of the park and ride development and demonstrates the importance of improving the quality of pedestrian environments.
引文
[1]SRINIVASAN S,FERREIRA J.Travel behavior at the household level:understanding linkages with residential choice[J].Transportation Research Part D:Transport and Environment,2002,7(3):225-242.
[2]DIELEMAN F M,DIJST M,BURGHOUWT G.Urban form and travel behaviour:micro-level household attributes and residential context[J].Urban Studies,2002,39(3):507-527.
[3]DING Y,LU H.Effects of household structure and built environment on travel behavior of the elderly:empirical evidence from Tengzhou,China[R].Washington D.C.,United States:Transportation Research Board 95th Annual Meeting,2016.
[4]ZHANG W,CHAI Y.The influence of residential space on household shopping tour decision-making behaviors[J].Progress in Geography,2009,28(3):362-369.
[5]LIU Z,MA J,CHAI Y.Neighborhood-scale urban form,travel behavior,and CO2 emissions in Beijing:implications for low-carbon urban planning[J].Urban Geography,2016:1-20.
[6]BOARNET M,CRANE R.The influence of land use on travel behaviour:specification and estimation strategies[J].Transportation Research Part A:Policy and Practice,2001,35(9):823-845.
[7]MAAT K,TIMMERMANS H.Influence of land use on tour complexity:a dutch case[J].Transportation Research Record:Journal of the Transportation Research Board,2006,1977:234-241.
[8]CURRIE G,DELBOSC A.Exploring the trip chaining behaviour of public transport users in melbourne[J].Transport Policy,2011,18(1):204-210.
[9]HENSHER D A,REYES A J.Trip chaining as a barrier to the propensity to use public transport[J].Transportation,2000,27(4):341-361
[10]NOLAND R B,THOMAS J V.Multivariate analysis of trip-chaining behaviour[J].Environment and Planning B:Planning and Design,2007,34(6):953-970.
[11]韦亚平,潘聪林.大城市街区土地利用特征与居民通勤方式研究--以杭州城西为例[J].规划研究,2012,36(3):76-84,89.
[12]塔娜,柴彦威.北京市郊区居民汽车拥有和使用状况与活动空间的关系[J].地理研究,2015,34(6):1149-1159.
[13]塔娜,柴彦威,关美宝.建成环境对北京市郊区居民工作日汽车出行的影响[J].地理学报,2015,70(10):1675-1685.
[14]齐兰兰,周素红.邻里建成环境对居民外出型休闲活动时空差异的影响[J].地理科学,201838(1):31-40.
[15]庄岩.从户主率看中国老年妇女的家庭地位[J].中国人口科学,1993,4:12-18.
[16]王玉丹.基于户主职业的家庭风险投资比较[J].商,2016,13:152-172.
[17]GUO Y,WANG J,PEETA S.The impacts of household registration and head of household travel behavior on travel mode choice in China[R].Washington D.C.:95th Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board,2016.
[18]YANG S,DENG W,DENG Q,et al.The research on prediction models for urban family member trip generation[J].KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering2016,20(7):2910-2919.
[19]郭国强.空间计量模型的理论和应用研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2013.
[20]李新忠,汪同三.空间计量经济学的理论与实践[M].北京:社会科学文献出版社,2015.
[21]MA J,MITCHELL G,HEPPENSTALL A.Daily travel behaviour in Beijing,China:an analysis of workers'trip chains,and the role of socio-demographics and urban form[J].Habitat International,2014,43:263-273.
[22]FIGUEROA M J,NIELSEN T A S,SIREN A.Comparing urban form correlations of the travel patterns of older and younger adults[J].Transport Policy,2014,35(1):10-20.
[23]WANG D,LIN T.Residential self-selection,built environment,and travel behavior in the Chinese context[J].Journal of Transport and Land Use,2014,7(3):5-14.
[2]DIELEMAN F M,DIJST M,BURGHOUWT G.Urban form and travel behaviour:micro-level household attributes and residential context[J].Urban Studies,2002,39(3):507-527.
[3]DING Y,LU H.Effects of household structure and built environment on travel behavior of the elderly:empirical evidence from Tengzhou,China[R].Washington D.C.,United States:Transportation Research Board 95th Annual Meeting,2016.
[4]ZHANG W,CHAI Y.The influence of residential space on household shopping tour decision-making behaviors[J].Progress in Geography,2009,28(3):362-369.
[5]LIU Z,MA J,CHAI Y.Neighborhood-scale urban form,travel behavior,and CO2 emissions in Beijing:implications for low-carbon urban planning[J].Urban Geography,2016:1-20.
[6]BOARNET M,CRANE R.The influence of land use on travel behaviour:specification and estimation strategies[J].Transportation Research Part A:Policy and Practice,2001,35(9):823-845.
[7]MAAT K,TIMMERMANS H.Influence of land use on tour complexity:a dutch case[J].Transportation Research Record:Journal of the Transportation Research Board,2006,1977:234-241.
[8]CURRIE G,DELBOSC A.Exploring the trip chaining behaviour of public transport users in melbourne[J].Transport Policy,2011,18(1):204-210.
[9]HENSHER D A,REYES A J.Trip chaining as a barrier to the propensity to use public transport[J].Transportation,2000,27(4):341-361
[10]NOLAND R B,THOMAS J V.Multivariate analysis of trip-chaining behaviour[J].Environment and Planning B:Planning and Design,2007,34(6):953-970.
[11]韦亚平,潘聪林.大城市街区土地利用特征与居民通勤方式研究--以杭州城西为例[J].规划研究,2012,36(3):76-84,89.
[12]塔娜,柴彦威.北京市郊区居民汽车拥有和使用状况与活动空间的关系[J].地理研究,2015,34(6):1149-1159.
[13]塔娜,柴彦威,关美宝.建成环境对北京市郊区居民工作日汽车出行的影响[J].地理学报,2015,70(10):1675-1685.
[14]齐兰兰,周素红.邻里建成环境对居民外出型休闲活动时空差异的影响[J].地理科学,201838(1):31-40.
[15]庄岩.从户主率看中国老年妇女的家庭地位[J].中国人口科学,1993,4:12-18.
[16]王玉丹.基于户主职业的家庭风险投资比较[J].商,2016,13:152-172.
[17]GUO Y,WANG J,PEETA S.The impacts of household registration and head of household travel behavior on travel mode choice in China[R].Washington D.C.:95th Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board,2016.
[18]YANG S,DENG W,DENG Q,et al.The research on prediction models for urban family member trip generation[J].KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering2016,20(7):2910-2919.
[19]郭国强.空间计量模型的理论和应用研究[D].武汉:华中科技大学,2013.
[20]李新忠,汪同三.空间计量经济学的理论与实践[M].北京:社会科学文献出版社,2015.
[21]MA J,MITCHELL G,HEPPENSTALL A.Daily travel behaviour in Beijing,China:an analysis of workers'trip chains,and the role of socio-demographics and urban form[J].Habitat International,2014,43:263-273.
[22]FIGUEROA M J,NIELSEN T A S,SIREN A.Comparing urban form correlations of the travel patterns of older and younger adults[J].Transport Policy,2014,35(1):10-20.
[23]WANG D,LIN T.Residential self-selection,built environment,and travel behavior in the Chinese context[J].Journal of Transport and Land Use,2014,7(3):5-14.