琼东南盆地深水区宝南断阶带断裂特征及天然气地质意义
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摘要
利用新三维地震资料,相干切片等技术对琼东南盆地深水区宝南断阶带断裂进行了精细解释;结合区域构造特征,对宝南断阶带断裂形态、断裂活动性进行了分析,并探讨了断裂对天然气成藏的控制作用,分析了其地质意义。结果表明,宝南断阶带断裂平面上以NWW—SEE向为主,主要呈平行状或网状,剖面上共发育3组构造断裂,主要呈顺向断阶状样式;断裂主要为3期活动:(1)始新世—早渐新世、(2)晚渐新世早中期、(3)早中新世;宝南断阶带断裂控制了宝岛凹陷南部烃源岩的形成与演化,控制了陵水组、三亚组砂体空间展布和构造圈闭的形成,同时为主要的油气垂向运移通道。并结合油气生排烃史、圈闭形成史,认为断裂活动与油气成藏的匹配关系良好。在此研究的基础上,提出2个有利勘探层系。
The faults in the Baonan step-fault zone are described by using new high density 3D seismic data and coherence technique.A detailed study of fault morphology and fault activity in Baonan step-fault zone of deep-water area in Qiongdongnan Basin was carried out based on the regional structural characteristics.The controlling function of faults on natural gas accumulation is researched in this study.The results showed that the combination type of fault is parallel-aligned and grid-type which are mainly in NWW-SEE direction.Three groups of faults were recognized in the seismic sections which were forward step-fault types.There are mainly three periods of fault activity.Such as Eocene-Early Oligocene,early-mid of Late Oligocene,and Early Miocene.The faults in the step-fault zone affected the development and evolution of hydrocarbon source rocks in south Baodao Sag.The faults control the spatial distribution of sandstone and the development of structural traps in Sanya Formation and Lingshui Formation.The dense faults in the zone provide channel for hydrocarbon vertical migration.Additionally,the results showed that the fault active period matched well with hydrocarbon accumulation by the data of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion history and trap formation history.Through these researches,two favorable exploration strata are put forward in this paper.
The faults in the Baonan step-fault zone are described by using new high density 3D seismic data and coherence technique.A detailed study of fault morphology and fault activity in Baonan step-fault zone of deep-water area in Qiongdongnan Basin was carried out based on the regional structural characteristics.The controlling function of faults on natural gas accumulation is researched in this study.The results showed that the combination type of fault is parallel-aligned and grid-type which are mainly in NWW-SEE direction.Three groups of faults were recognized in the seismic sections which were forward step-fault types.There are mainly three periods of fault activity.Such as Eocene-Early Oligocene,early-mid of Late Oligocene,and Early Miocene.The faults in the step-fault zone affected the development and evolution of hydrocarbon source rocks in south Baodao Sag.The faults control the spatial distribution of sandstone and the development of structural traps in Sanya Formation and Lingshui Formation.The dense faults in the zone provide channel for hydrocarbon vertical migration.Additionally,the results showed that the fault active period matched well with hydrocarbon accumulation by the data of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion history and trap formation history.Through these researches,two favorable exploration strata are put forward in this paper.
引文
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[18]Xiong Bo,Su Long,Zhang Gongcheng,et al.Quantitative evaluation for coal-bearing source rocks of Yacheng Formation in the deepwater area of the Qiongdongnan Basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2014,24(4):542-550.熊波,苏龙,张功成,等.琼东南盆地深水区崖城组煤系烃源岩定量评价[J].天然气地球科学,2014,24(4):542-550.
[19]Yao Zhe,Zhu Jitian,Zuo Qianmei,et al.Gravity flow sedimentary system and petroleum exploration prospect of deep water area in the Qiongdongnan Basin,South China Sea[J].Natural Gas Industry,2015,35(10):21-30.姚哲,朱继田,左倩媚,等.琼东南盆地深水区重力流沉积体系及油气勘探前景[J].天然气工业,2015,35(10):21-30.
[20]Zhang Xinshun,Huang Zhilong,Fan Caiwei,et al.Fault sealing capacity and relationship with oil-gas accumulation at Baodao northern slope[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2013,24(2):356-364.张新顺,黄志龙,范彩伟,等.琼东南盆地宝岛北坡断层封闭性与油气运聚关系[J].天然气地球科学,2013,24(2):356-364.
[21]Huang Baojia,Wang Zhenfeng,Liang Gang.Natural gas source and migration-accumulation pattern in the central canyon,the deep water area,Qiongdongnan Basin[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2014,26(5):8-14.黄保家,王振峰,梁刚.琼东南盆地深水区中央峡谷天然气来源及运聚模式[J].中国海上油气,2014,26(5):8-14.
[22]Zhang Xinshun,Huang Zhilong,Fan Caiwei,et al.Oil and gas migration model of the northern slope of the Baodao Sag,the Qiongdongnan Basin[J].Geological Journal of China Universities,2014,20(4):602-610.张新顺,黄志龙,范彩伟,等.琼东南盆地宝岛凹陷北斜坡油气运聚模式探讨[J].高校地质学报,2014,20(4):602-610.
[23]Gong Zaisheng.Late-stage fault activities and oil and gas reservoir formation of China’s offshore basins[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2004(2):12-19.龚再升.中国近海盆地晚期断裂活动和油气成藏[J].中国石油勘探,2004(2):12-19.
[24]Zhu Jitian,Pei Jianxiang,Sun Zhipeng,et al.Feature of Neotectonism and its control on late hydrocarbon accumulation in Qiongdongnan Basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2011,22(4):649-656.朱继田,裴健翔,孙志鹏,等.琼东南盆地新构造运动及其对晚期油气成藏的控制[J].天然气地球科学,2011,22(4):649-656.
[2]Zhu W L,Zhong K,Li Y C,et al.Characteristics of hydrocarbon accumulation and exploration potential of the northern South China Sea deepwater basins[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2012,57(24):3121-3129.
[3]He Jiaxiong,Xia Bin,Shi Xiaobin,et al.Prospect and progress for oil and gas in deep waters of the world and the potential and prospect foreground for oil and gas in deep waters of the South China Sea[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2006,17(6):747-752.何家雄,夏斌,施小斌,等.世界深水油气勘探进展与南海深水油气勘探前景[J].天然气地球科学,2006,17(6):747-752.
[4]Xie Yuhong.A major breakthrough in deepwater natural gas exploration in self-run oil/gas field in the northern South China Sea and its enlightenment[J].Natural Gas Industry,2014,34(10):1-8.谢玉洪.南海北部自营深水天然气勘探重大突破及其启示[J].天然气工业,2014,34(10):1-8.
[5]Yang Jinhai,Li Cai,Li Tao,et al.Accumulation condition and model of gas reservoir in central canyon in deepwater area of northern South China Sea[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2014,88(11):2141-2149.杨金海,李才,李涛,等.琼东南盆地深水区中央峡谷天然气成藏条件与成藏模式[J].地质学报,2014,88(11):2141-2149.
[6]Yuan Yusong,Yang Shuchun,Hu Shengbiao,et al.Tectonic subsidence of Qiongdongnan Basin and its main control factors[J].Chinese Journal of Geophys,2008,51(2):376-383.袁玉松,杨树春,胡圣标,等.琼东南盆地构造沉降史及其主控因素[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(2):376-383.
[7]Yu Junfeng,Sun Zhipeng,Zhu Jitian.Cenozoictectonic phases and their respresenting shapes in Songnan Sag,Qiongdongnan Basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2010,21(2):281-288.于俊峰,孙志鹏,朱继田.琼东南盆地松南凹陷新生代重要构造幕及表现形式[J].天然气地球科学,2010,21(2):281-288.
[8]Li Xuxuan,Zhu Guanghui.The fault system and its hydrocarbon carrier significance in Qiongdongnan Basin[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2005,17(1):1-7.李绪宣,朱光辉.琼东南盆地断裂系统及其油气输导特征[J].中国海上油气,2005,17(1):1-7.
[9]Xie Wenyan,Zhang Yiwei,Sun Zhen,et al.Characteristics and formation mechanism of faults in Qingdongnan Basin[J].Marine Geology&Quaternary Geology,2007,27(1):71-78.谢文彦,张一伟,孙珍,等.琼东南盆地断裂构造与成因机制[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2007,27(1):71-78.
[10]Xie Yuhong,Tong Chuanxin,Fan Caiwei,et al.Characteristics and evolution of fault system in Qiongdongnan Basin[J].Geotectonica et Metallogenia,2015,39(5):795-807.谢玉洪,童传新,范彩伟,等.琼东南盆地断裂系统特征与演化[J].大地构造与成矿学,2015,39(5):795-807.
[11]Lei Chao,Ren Jianye,Pei Jianxiang,et al.Tectonic framework and multiple episode tectonic evolution in deepwater area of Qiongdongnan Basin,northern continental margin of South China Sea[J].Earth Scienc:Journal of China University of Geosciences,2011,36(1):151-162.雷超,任建业,裴健翔,等.琼东南盆地深水区构造格局和幕式演化过程[J].地球科学:中国地质大学学报,2011,36(1):151-162.
[12]Zhao Min,Zhang Xiaobao,Ji Liming,et al.Characteristics of tectonicevolution in the Qiongdongnan Basin and brief discussion about its controlling on reservoirs[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2010,21(3):494-502.赵民,张晓宝,吉利明,等.琼东南盆地构造演化特征及其油气藏的控制浅析[J].天然气地球科学,2010,21(3):494-502.
[13]Li Cai,Zhu Jitian,You Li,et al.Studies on the characteristics of the fault belt in Changchang Sag and its implication for the oil and gas exploration[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2014,25(3):372-378.李才,朱继田,尤丽,等.琼东南盆地长昌凹陷断裂带特征及其油气藏勘探意义[J].天然气地球科学,2014,25(3):372-378.
[14]Wu Shiguo,Sun Qiliang,Wu Tuoyu,et al.Polygonal fault and oil-gas accumulation in deep-water area of Qiongdongnan Bain[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2009,30(1):22-26.吴时国,孙启良,吴拓宇,等.琼东南盆地深水区多边形断层的发现及其油气意义[J].石油学报,2009,30(1):22-26.
[15]Chen Duanxin,Wu Shiguo,Wang Zhijun,et al.Geometry and genesis of polygonal faults in epicontinental deepwater basins northen South China Sea[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2012,33(4):610-616.陈端新,吴时国,王志君,等.南海北部陆缘深水盆地多边形断层几何特征及成因[J].石油学报,2012,33(4):610-616.
[16]Zhang Yingzhao,Fan Caiwei,Xu Xinde,et al.Genesis and sources of natural gas in eastern Qingdongnan Basin,South China Sea[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2015,37(4):466-472.张迎朝,范彩伟,徐新德,等.南海琼东南盆地东区天然气成因类型与烃源探讨[J].石油实验地质,2015,37(4):466-472.
[17]Wang Zisong,Liu Zhen,Huang Baojia,et al.Distribution and evaluation of Oligocene source rocks in the east ofcentral depression belt in deep-water area,Qiongdongnan Basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2014,25(3):360-371.王子嵩,刘震,黄保家,等.琼东南盆地深水区中央坳陷带东部渐新统烃源岩分布及评价[J].天然气地球科学,2014,25(3):360-371.
[18]Xiong Bo,Su Long,Zhang Gongcheng,et al.Quantitative evaluation for coal-bearing source rocks of Yacheng Formation in the deepwater area of the Qiongdongnan Basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2014,24(4):542-550.熊波,苏龙,张功成,等.琼东南盆地深水区崖城组煤系烃源岩定量评价[J].天然气地球科学,2014,24(4):542-550.
[19]Yao Zhe,Zhu Jitian,Zuo Qianmei,et al.Gravity flow sedimentary system and petroleum exploration prospect of deep water area in the Qiongdongnan Basin,South China Sea[J].Natural Gas Industry,2015,35(10):21-30.姚哲,朱继田,左倩媚,等.琼东南盆地深水区重力流沉积体系及油气勘探前景[J].天然气工业,2015,35(10):21-30.
[20]Zhang Xinshun,Huang Zhilong,Fan Caiwei,et al.Fault sealing capacity and relationship with oil-gas accumulation at Baodao northern slope[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2013,24(2):356-364.张新顺,黄志龙,范彩伟,等.琼东南盆地宝岛北坡断层封闭性与油气运聚关系[J].天然气地球科学,2013,24(2):356-364.
[21]Huang Baojia,Wang Zhenfeng,Liang Gang.Natural gas source and migration-accumulation pattern in the central canyon,the deep water area,Qiongdongnan Basin[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2014,26(5):8-14.黄保家,王振峰,梁刚.琼东南盆地深水区中央峡谷天然气来源及运聚模式[J].中国海上油气,2014,26(5):8-14.
[22]Zhang Xinshun,Huang Zhilong,Fan Caiwei,et al.Oil and gas migration model of the northern slope of the Baodao Sag,the Qiongdongnan Basin[J].Geological Journal of China Universities,2014,20(4):602-610.张新顺,黄志龙,范彩伟,等.琼东南盆地宝岛凹陷北斜坡油气运聚模式探讨[J].高校地质学报,2014,20(4):602-610.
[23]Gong Zaisheng.Late-stage fault activities and oil and gas reservoir formation of China’s offshore basins[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2004(2):12-19.龚再升.中国近海盆地晚期断裂活动和油气成藏[J].中国石油勘探,2004(2):12-19.
[24]Zhu Jitian,Pei Jianxiang,Sun Zhipeng,et al.Feature of Neotectonism and its control on late hydrocarbon accumulation in Qiongdongnan Basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2011,22(4):649-656.朱继田,裴健翔,孙志鹏,等.琼东南盆地新构造运动及其对晚期油气成藏的控制[J].天然气地球科学,2011,22(4):649-656.