沿气温梯度中国森林生物量分布特征
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摘要
基于长期定位监测的森林生物量数据以及气象数据,利用生物量加权计算法和空间关联法,研究气温梯度下中国森林生物量分布特征.结果表明:1)森林总生物量和地下生物量随着温度梯度变化趋势一致,表现为随着气温的增加而持续升高,当气温达到一定值,森林总生物量出现先上升后下降,继而又逐渐上升最后下降趋势.地上生物量随着温度梯度变化有微小差别,随着气温的增加而直接下降,继而又逐渐上升,最后呈下降趋势,在低温前期没有上升的趋势.2)植物地上生长与地下生长对温度有不同的响应机制,具有滞后效应.3)对森林生物量总贡献,地上生物量比地下生物量贡献大,茎生物量比枝叶生物量贡献大.以上结果表明了我国森林生物量随着气温的变化有明显规律可循,气温对生产力具有极其重要的影响作用.
Long-term forest biomass and meteorological data were used to study temperature gradient and forest biomass distribution characteristics,with weighted biomass and geographical meteorological correlation methods Total biomass and underground biomass along the temperature gradient showed similar distribution characteristics Biomass increased with increasing temperature until a certain temperature value,after which the forest biomass continued to increase with increasing temperature before biomass declined;this was followed by another sequence of increase-then-decrease aboveground biomass showed little changes along the temperature gradient;direct decline was observed with increasing temperature.This was followed by a sequence of increasethen-decrease with further increasing temperatures The response mechanisms of aboveground and belowground plant growth to temperature gradient were found to be different,significant hysteresis was observed.For total forest biomass,aboveground biomass contributed more than underground biomass,stem biomass contributed more than shoot biomass.These works indicate that there are clear rules correlating temperature change with forest biomass variations in China.The effect of temperature changes on forest productivity is very significant.
Long-term forest biomass and meteorological data were used to study temperature gradient and forest biomass distribution characteristics,with weighted biomass and geographical meteorological correlation methods Total biomass and underground biomass along the temperature gradient showed similar distribution characteristics Biomass increased with increasing temperature until a certain temperature value,after which the forest biomass continued to increase with increasing temperature before biomass declined;this was followed by another sequence of increase-then-decrease aboveground biomass showed little changes along the temperature gradient;direct decline was observed with increasing temperature.This was followed by a sequence of increasethen-decrease with further increasing temperatures The response mechanisms of aboveground and belowground plant growth to temperature gradient were found to be different,significant hysteresis was observed.For total forest biomass,aboveground biomass contributed more than underground biomass,stem biomass contributed more than shoot biomass.These works indicate that there are clear rules correlating temperature change with forest biomass variations in China.The effect of temperature changes on forest productivity is very significant.
引文
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[25]范文义,张海玉,于颖,等.三种森林生物量估测模型的比较分析[J].植物生态学报,2011,35(4):402
[2]XU B,GUO Z D,PIAO S L,et al.Biomass carbon stocks in Chinas forests between 2000 and 2050:a prediction based on forest biomass-age relationships.[J].Science China Life Sciences,2010,53(7):776
[3]ZENG W S.Development of monitoring and assessment of forest biomass and carbon storage in China[J].Forest Ecosystems,2014(1):1
[4]WANG L,NIU K C,YANG Y H,et al.Patterns of above and belowground biomass allocation in Chinas grasslands:Evidence from individual-level observations[J].Science China Life Sciences,2010,53(7):851
[5]李春义.白皮松生物量分配及径向生长和气候因子的关系[D].北京:北京林业大学,2013
[6]王晓春,宋来萍,张远东.大兴安岭北部樟子松树木生长与气候因子的关系[J].植物生态学报,2011,35(3):294
[7]殷晓洁,周广胜,隋兴华.蒙古栎地理分布的主导气候因子及其阈值[J].生态学报,2013,33(1):103
[8]李贺,张维康,王国宏.中国云杉林的地理分布与气候因子间的关系[J].植物生态学报,2012,36(5):372
[9]成泽虎.基于树轮宽度的北京松山油松林生长-气候关系研究[D].北京:北京林业大学,2016
[10]徐友,曹福亮,汪贵斌.温度和光强对银杏生长的影响[J].林业科技开发,2015,29(4):41
[11]陆宗宇.在区域尺度上林龄、气候与森林地上生物量关系的研究[D].北京:华北电力大学,2015
[12]戴尔阜,周恒,吴卓,等.气候变化对我国南方人工林地上生物量影响的模拟研究:以会同生态站磨哨实验林场为例[J].应用生态学报,2016,27(10):3059
[13]郭炳桥,钟全林,马玉珠,等.林分和气候因子对中国天然林根冠比的影响[J].应用与环境生物学报,2016,22(2):326
[14]李海奎,赵鹏祥,雷渊才.基于森林清查资料的乔木林生物量估算方法的比较[J].林业科学,2012(5):44
[15]罗云建,张小全,王效科.森林生物量的估算方法及其研究进展[J].林业科学,2009(8):129
[16]YANG T H,SONG K,DA L J,et al.The biomass and aboveground net primary productivity of Schima superba-Castanopsis carlesii forests in east China[J].Science China Life Sciences,2010,53(7):811
[17]LIU Y C,YU G R,WANG Q F,et al.Carbon carry capacity and carbon sequestration potential in China based on an integrated analysis of mature forest biomass[J].Science China Life Sciences,2014,57(12):1218
[18]马治国,陈惠,蔡文华,等.福建省平均气温与地理因子相关统计特征分析[C].中国气象学会:全国农业气象与生态环境学术年会,南昌,2006
[19]张国峰,杨立荣,瞿明凯,等.基于地理加权回归克里格的日平均气温插值[J].应用生态学报,2015,26(5):1531
[20]MA W H,FANG J Y,YANG Y H,et al.Biomass carbon stocks and their changes in northern China’s grasslands during 1982—2006[J].Science China Life Sciences,2010,53(7):841
[21]GUO Z F,CHI H,SUN G Q,et al.Estimating forest aboveground biomass using HJ-1 Satellite CCD and ICESat GLAS waveform data[J].Science China Earth Sciences,2010,53(Sup1):16
[22]石兆勇,王发园,苗艳芳.不同菌根类型的森林净初级生产力对气温变化的响应[J].植物生态学报,2012,36(11):1165
[23]初小静,韩广轩.气温和降雨量对中国湿地生态系统CO2交换的影响[J].应用生态学报,2015,26(10):2978
[24]叶辉,王军邦,黄玫,等.青藏高原植被降水利用效率的空间格局及其对降水和气温的响应[J].植物生态学报,2012,36(12):1237
[25]范文义,张海玉,于颖,等.三种森林生物量估测模型的比较分析[J].植物生态学报,2011,35(4):402