基于生态可持续的土地利用空间格局分配
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摘要
土地作为人文社会和自然生态系统之间的重要纽带,土地利用变化成为全球变化研究中的重要部分,研究土地利用的结构优化,对实现土地资源的可持续利用有着重要的意义,是可持续发展的核心问题。笔者采用空间叠加和综合指数的方法,以生态因素作为土地利用空间分配的限制因子,模拟预测了基于生态可持续背景因素下中国土地利用变化未来空间分布格局。结果显示:土地利用数量分配和空间格局两方面具有明显的区域差异性,耕地主要分布在传统农区华中区和华东区,林地则主要分布在西南山区和东北区,草地则集中在西部和北部地区,建设用地主要集中在华东地区;考虑生态可持续因素,并以生态可持续为限制因子进行土地利用空间格局分配时,更加有利于土地利用各个类型的因地制宜和适宜性选择,生态功能区更加突出,分配格局更加合理。
Land is an important bond of human society and natural ecosystems. Land use change has become akey part in the research of global change. Research on land use structural optimization can support thesustainable development of land resources, and is the core issue of sustainable development. In this paper, theauthors simulated and projected the future spatial distribution of China'land use change with the methods ofspatial overlay and exponential sum, used ecological factor as the limiting factor. The result showed that therewas obviously regional difference both in land use quantity distribution and spatial pattern, crop land wasmainly distributed in central China and east China, forest land was mainly distributed in southwestmountainous area and northeast, grass land was located in the west and north region and building land wasconcentrated in east China. The results were benefit to adjusting measures to local conditions and suitabilitywhen ecological factors were taken into consideration, and by using ecological sustainability as a limitingfactor, it also made ecological function zones more prominent and the allocation more reasonable.
Land is an important bond of human society and natural ecosystems. Land use change has become akey part in the research of global change. Research on land use structural optimization can support thesustainable development of land resources, and is the core issue of sustainable development. In this paper, theauthors simulated and projected the future spatial distribution of China'land use change with the methods ofspatial overlay and exponential sum, used ecological factor as the limiting factor. The result showed that therewas obviously regional difference both in land use quantity distribution and spatial pattern, crop land wasmainly distributed in central China and east China, forest land was mainly distributed in southwestmountainous area and northeast, grass land was located in the west and north region and building land wasconcentrated in east China. The results were benefit to adjusting measures to local conditions and suitabilitywhen ecological factors were taken into consideration, and by using ecological sustainability as a limitingfactor, it also made ecological function zones more prominent and the allocation more reasonable.
引文
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[16]杨卓.东北典型农牧交错区土地利用与景观格局变化研究[D].北京:北京林业大学,2010.
[17]刘纪远,刘明亮,庄大方,等.中国近期土地利用变化的空间格局分析[J].中国科学(D辑:地球科学),2002,32(12):1031-1040.
[18]Basse R M,Charif O,Bódis K.Spatial and temporal dimensions of land use change in cross border region of Luxembourg.Development of a hybrid approach integrating GIS,cellular automata and decision learning tree models[J].Applied Geography,2016,67:94-108.
[19]中华人民共和国国民经济和社会发展第十一个五年规划纲要[R].中华人民共和国全国人民代表大会常务委员会公报,2006(03):178-221.
[20]袁祥明.区域农地整理质量评价及其时空配置研究—以山东省青州市为例[J].自然资源学报,2006,21(03):369-374.
[21]郑新奇,赵璐,胡业翠,等.土地利用总体规划指标时空分配[J].农业工程学报,2010,26(4):297-305.
[22]张笑寒.我国行政区划的生态分析[D].秦皇岛:燕山大学,2010.
[2]孙晓芳,岳天祥,范泽孟.中国土地利用空间格局动态变化模拟—以规划情景为例[J].生态学报,2012,32(20):6440-6451.
[3]Turner B L,Skole D L,Sanderson S,et al.Land-Use and LandCover Change,Science/Research Plan[J].Global Change Report,1995,43(1995):669-679.
[4]史培军,江源.土地利用/覆盖变化与生态安全响应机制[M].北京:科学出版社,2004.
[5]刘耀彬,戴璐,董玥莹.环鄱阳湖区分区土地利用景观格局变化模拟研究[J].长江流域资源与环境,2015,24(10):1762-1770.
[6]董祚继.中国现代土地利用规划研究[D].南京:南京农业大学,2007.
[7]崔卫国,文倩,刘艳艳,等.基于DEM的醴陵市土地利用空间格局分析[J].资源科学,2008,30(02):228-234.
[8]李宇,董锁成.基于GIS的定西地区黄土高原土地利用变化研究[J].农业工程学报,2004,20(3):248-252.
[9]何春阳,史培军,陈晋,等.基于系统动力学模型和元胞自动机模型的土地利用情景模型研究[J].中国科学(D辑:地球科学),2005,35(05):464-473.
[10]郑青华,罗格平,朱磊,等.基于CA_Markov模型的伊犁河三角洲景观格局预测[J].应用生态学报,2010,21(4):873-882.
[11]姚嘉.基于景观生态学的中国土地利用空间格局及其变化分析[D].北京:中国科学院研究生院,2003.
[12]何如海,聂雷,何方.生态涵养型土地整治综合效益评价—以安徽省池州市贵池区项目为例[J].中国农业大学学报,2013,18(04):232-237.
[13]王建英,李江风,张丽琴,等.基于生物多样性保护的土地利用结构预测[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(04):221-226.
[14]封志明.一个基于土地利用详查的中国土地资源利用区划新方案[J].自然资源学报,2001,16(4):325-333.
[15]梅荣,海军.基于GIS的城市土地利用空间演变过程的马尔柯夫模拟[J].内蒙古科技与经济,2009(24):56-57.
[16]杨卓.东北典型农牧交错区土地利用与景观格局变化研究[D].北京:北京林业大学,2010.
[17]刘纪远,刘明亮,庄大方,等.中国近期土地利用变化的空间格局分析[J].中国科学(D辑:地球科学),2002,32(12):1031-1040.
[18]Basse R M,Charif O,Bódis K.Spatial and temporal dimensions of land use change in cross border region of Luxembourg.Development of a hybrid approach integrating GIS,cellular automata and decision learning tree models[J].Applied Geography,2016,67:94-108.
[19]中华人民共和国国民经济和社会发展第十一个五年规划纲要[R].中华人民共和国全国人民代表大会常务委员会公报,2006(03):178-221.
[20]袁祥明.区域农地整理质量评价及其时空配置研究—以山东省青州市为例[J].自然资源学报,2006,21(03):369-374.
[21]郑新奇,赵璐,胡业翠,等.土地利用总体规划指标时空分配[J].农业工程学报,2010,26(4):297-305.
[22]张笑寒.我国行政区划的生态分析[D].秦皇岛:燕山大学,2010.