氧化镧改性树脂基复合材料摩擦学性能研究
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摘要
为克服树脂基制动材料易产生热衰退而失效的问题,在热压成型的树脂基制动摩擦材料加入氧化镧进行改性。通过正交试验方差分析获得摩擦学性能较优的配方,通过X-DM摩擦试验、磨损表面形貌分析等手段探讨氧化镧对材料在不同温度下的摩擦学性能的影响,并探讨其摩擦磨损机制。结果表明:摩擦材料配方组分及质量分数分别为氧化镧21. 6%、酚醛树脂12. 9%、硅酸铝纤维12. 9%、竹纤维2. 6%,其他填料50%时可获得较优的摩擦磨损性能;加入适量的氧化镧不仅能够稳定低温、高温摩擦因数,还能降低磨损率,减少热衰退的产生;在树脂基制动摩擦材料中加入适量的氧化镧后,其磨损形式由磨粒磨损为主转变为黏着磨损为主,且磨损表面出现大面积连续的摩擦膜。
In order to overcome the problem that resin matrix braking composite are prone to heat fading and failure,lanthanum oxide was added into the friction composites to modify the tribological performance of the resin matrix composites prepared by hot pressing. Variance analysis method of orthogonal test was used to find the optimal formula. The effect of lanthanum oxide on tribological performance of friction material and the mechanism of friction and wear at different temperatures was investigated by X-DM friction testor and surface morphology analysis. The results show that the friction material has better friction and wear properties when the contents of lanthanum oxide is 21. 6%,phenolic resin is 12. 9%,silicate aluminum fiber is 12. 9%,bamboo fiber is 2. 6% and the others are 50%. With the proper amount of lanthanum oxide,the friction coefficient of friction materials at low temperature and high temperature is improved,the wear rate is declined,and the heat fading is inhibited effectively. After adding appropriate amount of lanthanum oxide,the wear forms of the friction material is changed from abrasive wear to adhesive wear,and a large area of continuous friction film appears on the worn surface.
In order to overcome the problem that resin matrix braking composite are prone to heat fading and failure,lanthanum oxide was added into the friction composites to modify the tribological performance of the resin matrix composites prepared by hot pressing. Variance analysis method of orthogonal test was used to find the optimal formula. The effect of lanthanum oxide on tribological performance of friction material and the mechanism of friction and wear at different temperatures was investigated by X-DM friction testor and surface morphology analysis. The results show that the friction material has better friction and wear properties when the contents of lanthanum oxide is 21. 6%,phenolic resin is 12. 9%,silicate aluminum fiber is 12. 9%,bamboo fiber is 2. 6% and the others are 50%. With the proper amount of lanthanum oxide,the friction coefficient of friction materials at low temperature and high temperature is improved,the wear rate is declined,and the heat fading is inhibited effectively. After adding appropriate amount of lanthanum oxide,the wear forms of the friction material is changed from abrasive wear to adhesive wear,and a large area of continuous friction film appears on the worn surface.
引文
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[2]IDRIS U D,AIGBODION V S,ABUBAKAR I J,et al.Ecofriendly asbestos free brake-pad:using banana peels[J].Journal of King Saud University-Engineering Sciences,2015,27:185-192.
[3]LEE P W,FILIP P.Friction and wear of Cu-free and Sb-free environmental friendly automotive brake materials[J].Wear,2013,302:1404-1413.
[4]张雪辉,李晓闲,章标,等.稀土改性高密度W-Ni-Fe合金的研究现状及发展趋势[J].功能材料,2016,47(1):66-71.ZHANG X H,LI X X,ZHANG B,et al.Current status and development trend on rare earth modified W-Ni-Fe heavy alloys[J].Journal of Functional Materials,2016,47(1):66-71.
[5]黄锐,冯嘉春,郑德.稀土在高分子工业中的应用[M].北京:中国轻工业出版社,2009.
[6]WANG Y,GOU J F,CHU R Q,et al.The effect of nano-additives containing rare earth oxides on sliding wear behavior of high chromium cast iron hardfacing alloys[J].Tribology International,2016,103:102-112.
[7]IMANDOUST A,BARRETT C D,AL-SAMMAN T.A review on the effect of rare-earth elements on texture evolution during processing of magnesium alloys[J].Journal of Materials Science,2017,52(1):1-29.
[8]SIDRA I,VARSHA S,MIKA S.Synthesis and application of LDH intercalated cellulose nanocomposite for separation of rare earth elements(REEs)[J].Chemical Engineering Journal,2017,309:130-139.
[9]PENG G G,ZHENG D Y,CHENG C,et al.Effect of rare-earth addition on morphotropic phase boundary and relaxation behavior of the PNN-PZT ceramics[J].Journal of Alloys and Compounds,2017,693:1250-1256.
[10]ZHANG S H,WANG S X,HUANG Z H.A kinetic analysis of thermal decomposition of polyaniline and its composites with rare earth oxides[J].Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry,2015,119(3):1853-1860.
[11]郑开魁,高诚辉,何福善,等.稀土改性树脂基制动材料在不同工况下的摩擦学性能[J].材料热处理学报,2017,38(6):134-140.ZHENG K K,GAO C H,HE F S,et al.Tribological performance of rare earth modified resin matrix brake materials under different conditions[J].Transactions of Materials and Heat Treatment,2017,38(6):134-140.
[12]中国国家标准委员会.汽车用制动器衬片:GB5763-2008[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2008.
[13]杜嘉俊,朱永梅,谭雪龙,等.树脂基复合材料摩擦片摩擦学性能研究[J].摩擦学学报,2017,37(5):574-580.DU J J,ZHU Y M,TAN X L,et al.Tribological properties of resin matrix composites[J].Tribology,2017,37(5):574-580.
[14]何福善,高诚辉,林有希,等.竹纤维增强制动摩阻材料摩擦学性能研究[J].摩擦学学报,2014,34(2):127-132.HE F S,GAO C H,LIN Y X,et al.Tribological performance of bamboo fiber reinforced resin-matrix brake composites[J].Tribology,2014,34(2):127-132.
[15]姚冠新,王玉玲,魏龙庆,等.复合改性酚醛树脂对制动摩擦材料性能的影响[J].润滑与密封,2015,40(8):22-25.YAO G X,WANG Y L,WEI L Q,et al.Effects of modification of pf resin on the performances of brake friction materials[J].Lubrication Engineering,2015,40(8):22-25.
[16]王进福,徐衍岭,韦永德.树脂含量对稀土摩阻材料摩擦磨损性能的影响[J].中国塑料,2003,17(9):33-35.WANG J F,XU Y L,WEI Y D.Influences of resin contents on performance of friction and wear of rare earth friction materials[J].China Plastics,2003,17(9):33-35.
[17]欧阳平,陈国需,李华峰.传统润滑油抗磨剂的研究趋势[J].润滑与密封,2006,31(6):165-167.OUYANG P,CHEN G X,LI H F.Researching trend of traditonal antiwear agents in lubricating oils[J].Lubrication Engineering,2006,31(6):165-167.