狭叶香蒲分解体系对镉污染水体修复的影响
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摘要
选用狭叶香蒲(Typha angustifolia)凋落叶及其微生物分解者为修复材料,探索水生植物与微生物对重金属镉离子的联合修复作用。以水生浮游动物隆线溞(Daphnia carinata)为受试对象,研究了不同浓度Cd~(2+)(0.1、1.0、10μg·L-1)对其生存、生长和繁殖的影响。选择其中0.1μg·L-1作为Cd~(2+)污染浓度,分别将自然驯化以及Cd~(2+)驯化15天和21天的蒲叶放于含Cd~(2+)(0.1μg·L-1)的培养基中,测定隆线溞体长、第一次怀卵日、后代个数、繁殖率以及驯化后微生物分解者的群落组成。结果表明:Cd~(2+)添加显著降低了隆线溞的存活率,其中10μg·L-1Cd~(2+)的毒害作用最强,隆线溞的存活率仅有40%;自然驯化和加镉驯化的蒲叶能够显著改善Cd~(2+)干扰下隆线溞的个体生长与群体繁殖状况,且修复效果会随着驯化时间的延长而提高。个体的第一次生产时间提前1~2天,总产幼数提高22%~81%,群体繁殖率提高3.07~4.7倍,从而使食物链得到快速修复。真菌多样性分析表明,Dactylaria和Massarina在真菌分解者中占据优势地位,推测该属真菌具有修复Cd~(2+)污染的生态功能。
We investigated the remediation effects of Typha angustifolia litter and its microbial decomposers on Cd~(2+)induced pollution. The impacts of Cd~(2+)with different concentrations(0.1,1.0,10 μg L-1) on the growth and reproduction of Daphnia carinata were examined firstly and then 0.1 μg L-1 of Cd~(2+)was used as the test concentration. The growth and reproduction of D.carinata were monitored after the addition of naturally incubated litter and Cd~(2+)incubated litter for 15 and 21 days. The results showed that the survival rate of D. carinata significantly decreased in the presence of Cd~(2+). The highest concentration of Cd~(2+)(10 μg L-1) showed the strongest toxic effect,with the survival rate of D. carinata being only 40%. The growth and reproduction rates of D. carinata were significantly improved under both naturally and Cd~(2+)incubated litter. For the reproduction parameters of D. carinata,the time for the first brood was shortened by 1-2 days,the number of offspring was increased by 22%-81%,and the reproduction rate was increased3.07-4.7 times. Such a result indicated that T. angustifolia litter with microbial decomposers could quickly restore the food chain under Cd~(2+)pollution. Dactylaria and Massarina were the dominant species among the decomposers of T. angustifolia litter,which could perform the remediation effect on cadmium pollution in the aquatic ecosystems.
We investigated the remediation effects of Typha angustifolia litter and its microbial decomposers on Cd~(2+)induced pollution. The impacts of Cd~(2+)with different concentrations(0.1,1.0,10 μg L-1) on the growth and reproduction of Daphnia carinata were examined firstly and then 0.1 μg L-1 of Cd~(2+)was used as the test concentration. The growth and reproduction of D.carinata were monitored after the addition of naturally incubated litter and Cd~(2+)incubated litter for 15 and 21 days. The results showed that the survival rate of D. carinata significantly decreased in the presence of Cd~(2+). The highest concentration of Cd~(2+)(10 μg L-1) showed the strongest toxic effect,with the survival rate of D. carinata being only 40%. The growth and reproduction rates of D. carinata were significantly improved under both naturally and Cd~(2+)incubated litter. For the reproduction parameters of D. carinata,the time for the first brood was shortened by 1-2 days,the number of offspring was increased by 22%-81%,and the reproduction rate was increased3.07-4.7 times. Such a result indicated that T. angustifolia litter with microbial decomposers could quickly restore the food chain under Cd~(2+)pollution. Dactylaria and Massarina were the dominant species among the decomposers of T. angustifolia litter,which could perform the remediation effect on cadmium pollution in the aquatic ecosystems.
引文
成淑君,杜京京,田兴军.2014.Fe限制对小球藻-隆线蟤食物链的影响.生态学杂志,33(7):1940-1945.
戴世明,吕锡武.2006.镉污染的水处理技术研究进展.安全与环境工程,13(3):63-71.
高伟,何少华,李红蔽.2005.真菌吸附法处理重金属废水.净水技术,24(5):30-33.
郭晓宏,朱广龙,魏学智.2016.5种草本植物对土壤重金属铅的吸收、富集及转运.水土保持研究,23(1):183-186.
李婧,周艳文,陈森.2015.我国土壤镉污染现状、危害及其治理方法综述.安徽农学通报,21(24):104-107.
李维焕,孟凯,李俊飞,等.2011.两种大型真菌子实体对Cd2+的生物吸附特性.生态学报,31(20):6157-6166.
马连营,隆美容,冯广达.2017.耐镉真菌Paecilomyces lilacinus 6-20p对Cd2+的吸附特性研究.生物技术进展,7(3):241-246.
滕云,游少鸿,陈梦华,等.2017.香蒲根际过滤对水中镉的去除.环境工程学报,11(3):1545-1548.
田建民.2000.生物吸附法在含重金属废水处理中的应用.太原理工大学学报,31(1):74-78.
王韬,李鑫钢,杜启云.2008.含重金属离子废水治理技术的研究进展.化工环保,24(6):323-326.
吴晓丽.2007.狭叶香蒲吸收Cd2+的动力学特征及其对Cd2+胁迫的生理反应(硕士学位论文).南京:南京农业大学.
许卫锋.2004.狭叶香蒲耐镉的生理生化机制及其修复镉污染环境的潜力(硕士学位论文).扬州:扬州大学.
杨振兴,周怀平,关春林.2016.湿生环境中丛枝菌根(AM)对香蒲耐Cd胁迫的影响.环境科学,37(2):750-755.
喻理,许蒙,叶长城,等.2016.香蒲-表面流湿地系统净化灌溉水过程中镉的分布和累积.农业环境科学学报,35(8):1573-1579.
曾加会,李元媛,阮迪申,等.2017.植物根际促生菌及丛枝菌根真菌协助植物修复重金属污染土壤的机制.微生物学通报,44(5):1214-1221.
郑彤,杜兆林,贺玉强.2013.水体重金属污染处理方法现状分析与应急处置策略.中国给水排水,29(6):18-21.
朱飞,李彦旭,许振成,等.2013.龙江河水体与沉积物镉污染特征与潜在生态风险评价.环境污染与防治,35(11):56-61.
邹炎,蒲生彦,薛圣炀,等.2017.土壤霉菌菌丝球制备及其吸附Pb(Ⅱ)性能.工业水处理,37(3):30-33.
Baer KN,Goulden CE.1998.Evaluation of a high-hardness COMBO medium and frozen algae for Daphnia magna.Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety,39:201-206.
Ban Y,Xu Z,Yang Y,et al.2017.Effect of dark septate endophytic fungus Gaeumannomyces cylindrosporus on plant growth,photosynthesis and Pb tolerance of maize(Zea mays L.).Pedosphere,27:282-293.
Barriada JL,Caridad S,Lodeiro P,et al.2009.Physicochemical characterisation of the ubiquitous bracken fern as useful biomaterial for preconcentration of heavy metals.Bioresource Technology,100:1561-1567.
de Vries FT,Manning P,Tallowin JR,et al.2012.Abiotic drivers and plant traits explain landscape-scale patterns in soil microbial communities.Ecology Letters,15:1230-1239.
Demirezen D,Aksoy A.2004.Accumulation of heavy metals in Typha angustifolia(L.)and Potamogeton pectinatus(L.)living in Sultan Marsh(Kayseri,Turkey).Chemosphere,56:685-696.
Jarosz-Wilkoazka A,Malarczyk E,Pirszel J.2002.Uptake of cadmium ions in white-rot fungus Trametes versicolor:Effect of Cd(II)ions on the activity of laccase.Cell Biology International,26:605-613.
Li X,Wang Y,Pan Y.2016.Mechanisms of Cd and Cr removal and tolerance by macrofungus Pleurotus ostreatus HAU-2.Journal of Hazardous Materials,330:1-8.
Liu H,Guo S,Jiao K.2015.Bioremediation of soils co-contaminated with heavy metals and 2,4,5-trichlorophenol by fruiting body of Clitocybe maxima.Journal of Hazardous Materials,294:121-127.
Marrugo-Negrete J,Durango-Hernndez J,Pinedo-Hernndez J,et al.2015.Phytoremediation of mercury-contaminated soils by Jatropha curcas.Chemosphere,127:58-63.
Nacke H,Thürmer A,Wollherr A,et al.2012.Pyrosequencing-based assessment of bacterial community structure along different management types in german forest and grassland soils.PLo S ONE,6:e17000.
Ronda A,Della ZM,Martín-Lara MA,et al.2016.Combustion of a Pb(II)-loaded olive tree pruning used as biosorbent.Journal of Hazardous Materials,308:285-293.
Sud D,Mahajan G,Kaur MP.2008.Agricultural waste material as potential adsorbent for sequestering heavy metal ions from aqueous solution:A review.Bioresource Technology,99:6017-6027.
Wang J,Chen C.2006.Biosorption of heavy metals by Saccharomyces cerevisiae.Biotechnology Advances,24:427-451.
戴世明,吕锡武.2006.镉污染的水处理技术研究进展.安全与环境工程,13(3):63-71.
高伟,何少华,李红蔽.2005.真菌吸附法处理重金属废水.净水技术,24(5):30-33.
郭晓宏,朱广龙,魏学智.2016.5种草本植物对土壤重金属铅的吸收、富集及转运.水土保持研究,23(1):183-186.
李婧,周艳文,陈森.2015.我国土壤镉污染现状、危害及其治理方法综述.安徽农学通报,21(24):104-107.
李维焕,孟凯,李俊飞,等.2011.两种大型真菌子实体对Cd2+的生物吸附特性.生态学报,31(20):6157-6166.
马连营,隆美容,冯广达.2017.耐镉真菌Paecilomyces lilacinus 6-20p对Cd2+的吸附特性研究.生物技术进展,7(3):241-246.
滕云,游少鸿,陈梦华,等.2017.香蒲根际过滤对水中镉的去除.环境工程学报,11(3):1545-1548.
田建民.2000.生物吸附法在含重金属废水处理中的应用.太原理工大学学报,31(1):74-78.
王韬,李鑫钢,杜启云.2008.含重金属离子废水治理技术的研究进展.化工环保,24(6):323-326.
吴晓丽.2007.狭叶香蒲吸收Cd2+的动力学特征及其对Cd2+胁迫的生理反应(硕士学位论文).南京:南京农业大学.
许卫锋.2004.狭叶香蒲耐镉的生理生化机制及其修复镉污染环境的潜力(硕士学位论文).扬州:扬州大学.
杨振兴,周怀平,关春林.2016.湿生环境中丛枝菌根(AM)对香蒲耐Cd胁迫的影响.环境科学,37(2):750-755.
喻理,许蒙,叶长城,等.2016.香蒲-表面流湿地系统净化灌溉水过程中镉的分布和累积.农业环境科学学报,35(8):1573-1579.
曾加会,李元媛,阮迪申,等.2017.植物根际促生菌及丛枝菌根真菌协助植物修复重金属污染土壤的机制.微生物学通报,44(5):1214-1221.
郑彤,杜兆林,贺玉强.2013.水体重金属污染处理方法现状分析与应急处置策略.中国给水排水,29(6):18-21.
朱飞,李彦旭,许振成,等.2013.龙江河水体与沉积物镉污染特征与潜在生态风险评价.环境污染与防治,35(11):56-61.
邹炎,蒲生彦,薛圣炀,等.2017.土壤霉菌菌丝球制备及其吸附Pb(Ⅱ)性能.工业水处理,37(3):30-33.
Baer KN,Goulden CE.1998.Evaluation of a high-hardness COMBO medium and frozen algae for Daphnia magna.Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety,39:201-206.
Ban Y,Xu Z,Yang Y,et al.2017.Effect of dark septate endophytic fungus Gaeumannomyces cylindrosporus on plant growth,photosynthesis and Pb tolerance of maize(Zea mays L.).Pedosphere,27:282-293.
Barriada JL,Caridad S,Lodeiro P,et al.2009.Physicochemical characterisation of the ubiquitous bracken fern as useful biomaterial for preconcentration of heavy metals.Bioresource Technology,100:1561-1567.
de Vries FT,Manning P,Tallowin JR,et al.2012.Abiotic drivers and plant traits explain landscape-scale patterns in soil microbial communities.Ecology Letters,15:1230-1239.
Demirezen D,Aksoy A.2004.Accumulation of heavy metals in Typha angustifolia(L.)and Potamogeton pectinatus(L.)living in Sultan Marsh(Kayseri,Turkey).Chemosphere,56:685-696.
Jarosz-Wilkoazka A,Malarczyk E,Pirszel J.2002.Uptake of cadmium ions in white-rot fungus Trametes versicolor:Effect of Cd(II)ions on the activity of laccase.Cell Biology International,26:605-613.
Li X,Wang Y,Pan Y.2016.Mechanisms of Cd and Cr removal and tolerance by macrofungus Pleurotus ostreatus HAU-2.Journal of Hazardous Materials,330:1-8.
Liu H,Guo S,Jiao K.2015.Bioremediation of soils co-contaminated with heavy metals and 2,4,5-trichlorophenol by fruiting body of Clitocybe maxima.Journal of Hazardous Materials,294:121-127.
Marrugo-Negrete J,Durango-Hernndez J,Pinedo-Hernndez J,et al.2015.Phytoremediation of mercury-contaminated soils by Jatropha curcas.Chemosphere,127:58-63.
Nacke H,Thürmer A,Wollherr A,et al.2012.Pyrosequencing-based assessment of bacterial community structure along different management types in german forest and grassland soils.PLo S ONE,6:e17000.
Ronda A,Della ZM,Martín-Lara MA,et al.2016.Combustion of a Pb(II)-loaded olive tree pruning used as biosorbent.Journal of Hazardous Materials,308:285-293.
Sud D,Mahajan G,Kaur MP.2008.Agricultural waste material as potential adsorbent for sequestering heavy metal ions from aqueous solution:A review.Bioresource Technology,99:6017-6027.
Wang J,Chen C.2006.Biosorption of heavy metals by Saccharomyces cerevisiae.Biotechnology Advances,24:427-451.