石灰与生物炭配施对不同浓度镉污染土壤修复
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摘要
通过室内培养试验,研究生物炭与石灰不同用量配施对镉污染土壤pH和镉赋存形态的影响。结果表明,生物炭与石灰配施能够明显提高污染土壤pH,且随着施入量的增加pH提升效果显著。随着石灰和生物炭配施用量的增加,土壤交换态镉降低比例逐渐增大。培养60天后,镉污染浓度为5mg/kg的土壤交换态镉含量同对照处理相比依次减少36.80%,49.12%和57.38%;而土壤镉污染浓度为20mg/kg的土壤交换态镉含量较对照相比分别降低29.27%,31.68%和39.03%。2个浓度中土壤碳酸盐结合态镉、铁锰氧化物结合态镉和有机结合态镉均有所增加,残渣态镉虽有所增加,但在不同浓度之间存在差异。总体来看,本试验用量条件下,石灰和生物炭配施对污染浓度为5mg/kg的土壤镉钝化效果优于污染浓度为20mg/kg的土壤。
Through indoor incubation experiments,the effects of different application rates of biochar and lime on soil pH and cadmium(Cd)form in Cd-contaminated soil were studied.The results showed that the combination of biochar and lime could significantly increase soil pH,and these effects increased significantly with the increasing application amounts.With the increasing application amounts of lime and biochar,the exchangeable Cd decreased gradually.After 60 days of incubation,the exchangeable Cd contents in soil with a Cd concentration of 5 mg/kg was reduced by 36.80%,49.12%,and 57.38%,respectively,compared with the control.The soil exchangeable Cd contents in the soil containing 20 mg/kg Cd was reduced by 29.27%,31.68%,and 39.03%,respectively,compared with the control.The carbonate-bound Cd,iron-manganese oxide-bound Cd,and organic-bound Cd were increased in two soils.Although the residual Cd was increased,there were differences among different concentrations.Overall,under the conditions of this experiment,combined application of lime and biochar had better effect on the Cd inactivation in soil with a concentration of 5 mg/kg than that of a soil with a concentration of 20 mg/kg.
Through indoor incubation experiments,the effects of different application rates of biochar and lime on soil pH and cadmium(Cd)form in Cd-contaminated soil were studied.The results showed that the combination of biochar and lime could significantly increase soil pH,and these effects increased significantly with the increasing application amounts.With the increasing application amounts of lime and biochar,the exchangeable Cd decreased gradually.After 60 days of incubation,the exchangeable Cd contents in soil with a Cd concentration of 5 mg/kg was reduced by 36.80%,49.12%,and 57.38%,respectively,compared with the control.The soil exchangeable Cd contents in the soil containing 20 mg/kg Cd was reduced by 29.27%,31.68%,and 39.03%,respectively,compared with the control.The carbonate-bound Cd,iron-manganese oxide-bound Cd,and organic-bound Cd were increased in two soils.Although the residual Cd was increased,there were differences among different concentrations.Overall,under the conditions of this experiment,combined application of lime and biochar had better effect on the Cd inactivation in soil with a concentration of 5 mg/kg than that of a soil with a concentration of 20 mg/kg.
引文
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[2]谢飞,梁成华,孟庆欢,等.添加天然沸石和石灰对土壤镉形态转化的影响[J].环境工程学报,2014,8(8):3505-3510.
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[4]崔红标,范玉超,周静,等.改良剂对土壤铜镉有效性和微生物群落结构的影响[J].中国环境科学,2016,36(1):197-205.
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[7]杜彩艳,木霖,王红华,等.不同钝化剂及其组合对玉米(Zeamays)生长和吸收Pb、Cd、As、Zn影响研究[J].农业环境科学学报.2016,35(8):1515-1522.
[8]李力,刘娅,陆宇超,等.生物炭的环境效应及其应用的研究进展[J].环境化学,2011,30(8):411-1421.
[9] Laird D,Fleming P,Wang B,et al.Biochar impact on nutrient leaching from a midwestern agricultural soil[J].Geoderma,2010,158(3/4):436-442.
[10]张丽,侯萌瑶,安毅,等.生物炭对水稻根际微域土壤Cd生物有效性及水稻Cd含量的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2017,36(4):665-671.
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[12]吴岩,杜立宇,梁成华,等.生物炭与沸石混施对不同污染土壤镉形态转化的影响[J].水土保持学报,2018,32(1):286-290.
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[14]王期凯,郭文娟,孙国红,等.生物炭与肥料复配对土壤重金属镉污染钝化修复效应[J].农业环境科学学报,2015,32(6):583-589.
[15]李明瑶,张妍,杜立宇,等.生物炭与沸石混施对土壤镉形态转化的影响[J].水土保持学报,2014,28(3):248-252.
[16] Lim A P,Ahmad Z A.A review on economically adsorbents on heavy metals removal in water and waste water[J].Reviews in Environmental Science and Bio/Technology,2014,13(2):163-181.
[17] Sayed Y K,Pouray B,Elham A.Cerastoderma lamarcki shell as a natural,low cost and new adsorbent to removal of dye pollutant from aqueous solutions:Equilibrium and kinetic studies[J].Ecological Engineering,2016,88:82-89.
[18] Chowdhury S,Papita S.Sea shell powder as a new adsorbent toremove Basic Green 4(Malachite Green)from aqueous solutions:Equilibrium,kinetic and thermodynamic studies[J].Chemical Engineering Journal,2010,164(1):168-177.
[19] Shi W Y,Shao H B,Li H,et al.Progress in the remediation of hazardous heavy metal polluted soils by natural zeolite[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2009,170(1):1-6.
[20]刘清,王子健,汤鸿霄.重金属形态与生物毒性及生物有效性关系的研究进展[J].环境科学,1996,17(1):89-92.
[21] Mao M Z.Speciation of metals in sediments along the Le an river[R].CEREP Final Report.France:Imprimerie Jouve Mayenne,1996:55-57.
[22]高译丹,梁成华,裴中健,等.施用生物炭和石灰对土壤镉形态转化的影响[J].水土保持学报,2014,28(2):258-261.
[2]谢飞,梁成华,孟庆欢,等.添加天然沸石和石灰对土壤镉形态转化的影响[J].环境工程学报,2014,8(8):3505-3510.
[3]陈远其,张煜,陈国梁,等.石灰对土壤重金属污染修复研究进展[J],生态环境学报,2016,25(8):1419-1424.
[4]崔红标,范玉超,周静,等.改良剂对土壤铜镉有效性和微生物群落结构的影响[J].中国环境科学,2016,36(1):197-205.
[5] Hong C O,Gutierrez J,Yun S W,et al.Heavy metal contamination of arable soil and corn plant in the vicinity of a zinc smelting factory and stabilization by liming[J].Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology,2009,56(2):190-200.
[6] Uchimiya M,Lima I M,Klasson K T,et al.Immobilization of heavy metallons(Cu II,Cd II,Ni II,and Pb II)by broiler litter-derived biocharsin water and soil[J].Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry,2010,58(9):5538-5544.
[7]杜彩艳,木霖,王红华,等.不同钝化剂及其组合对玉米(Zeamays)生长和吸收Pb、Cd、As、Zn影响研究[J].农业环境科学学报.2016,35(8):1515-1522.
[8]李力,刘娅,陆宇超,等.生物炭的环境效应及其应用的研究进展[J].环境化学,2011,30(8):411-1421.
[9] Laird D,Fleming P,Wang B,et al.Biochar impact on nutrient leaching from a midwestern agricultural soil[J].Geoderma,2010,158(3/4):436-442.
[10]张丽,侯萌瑶,安毅,等.生物炭对水稻根际微域土壤Cd生物有效性及水稻Cd含量的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2017,36(4):665-671.
[11]鲍士旦.土壤农化分析[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000.
[12]吴岩,杜立宇,梁成华,等.生物炭与沸石混施对不同污染土壤镉形态转化的影响[J].水土保持学报,2018,32(1):286-290.
[13] Zwieten V L,Kimber S,Morris S,et al.Effects of biochar from slow pyrolysis of papermill waste on agronomic performance and soil fertility[J].Plant and Soil,2010,327(1/2):235-246.
[14]王期凯,郭文娟,孙国红,等.生物炭与肥料复配对土壤重金属镉污染钝化修复效应[J].农业环境科学学报,2015,32(6):583-589.
[15]李明瑶,张妍,杜立宇,等.生物炭与沸石混施对土壤镉形态转化的影响[J].水土保持学报,2014,28(3):248-252.
[16] Lim A P,Ahmad Z A.A review on economically adsorbents on heavy metals removal in water and waste water[J].Reviews in Environmental Science and Bio/Technology,2014,13(2):163-181.
[17] Sayed Y K,Pouray B,Elham A.Cerastoderma lamarcki shell as a natural,low cost and new adsorbent to removal of dye pollutant from aqueous solutions:Equilibrium and kinetic studies[J].Ecological Engineering,2016,88:82-89.
[18] Chowdhury S,Papita S.Sea shell powder as a new adsorbent toremove Basic Green 4(Malachite Green)from aqueous solutions:Equilibrium,kinetic and thermodynamic studies[J].Chemical Engineering Journal,2010,164(1):168-177.
[19] Shi W Y,Shao H B,Li H,et al.Progress in the remediation of hazardous heavy metal polluted soils by natural zeolite[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2009,170(1):1-6.
[20]刘清,王子健,汤鸿霄.重金属形态与生物毒性及生物有效性关系的研究进展[J].环境科学,1996,17(1):89-92.
[21] Mao M Z.Speciation of metals in sediments along the Le an river[R].CEREP Final Report.France:Imprimerie Jouve Mayenne,1996:55-57.
[22]高译丹,梁成华,裴中健,等.施用生物炭和石灰对土壤镉形态转化的影响[J].水土保持学报,2014,28(2):258-261.