煤热解废水中典型环状污染物的生物毒性评估方法研究
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摘要
为探寻适宜于煤热解废水的毒性评估方法,从煤热解废水典型致毒环状污染物出发,利用3种废水毒性测试物种(小球藻、四膜虫、大型溞),根据光照条件和样本色度对测试方法的影响进行研究,并对比了评估方法对实际废水的适用性。结果表明:光照和色度都会显著影响典型污染物毒性评估,建议毒性测试应在避光条件下进行,且尽量避免采用以吸光度表征的毒性测试方法;实际废水中,藻类方法因光照、色度影响无法对废水毒性准确评估,不宜采用;大型溞毒性评估结果随厌氧、好氧、高级氧化处理工艺出水毒性单位(TU)分别为100.87、12.13和8.37,敏感性、适用性最高,适宜煤热解废水毒性评估;四膜虫在好氧段TU=6.67,与大型溞评估结果相近,可作为好氧段评估方法。
In order to search for a feasible toxicity assessment assay for coal pyrolysis wastewater,based on typical toxic cyclic pollutants in coal pyrolysis wastewater,three common species were applied to investigate effect of light conditions and sample color on the tests,as well as their applicability in real coal pyrolysis wastewater.The results showed,as light and color highly affected the toxicity evaluation of typical pollutants,it was suggested that the toxicity should be tested in dark conditions,and testing methods characterized by absorbance should be avoided.Finally,algae test was not suggested for toxicity evaluation of coal pyrolysis wastewater,while Daphnia magna( D.magna) was suggested for application due to the highest applicability in the real coal pyrolysis wastewater evaluation with TU was 100.87,12.13 and 8.37 for effluent from anaerobic,aerobic,advanced oxidation process,respectively.And Tetrahymena thermophile( T.thermophile) may be an alternative toxicity test for aerobic wastewater with TU = 6.67,similar to D.magna.
In order to search for a feasible toxicity assessment assay for coal pyrolysis wastewater,based on typical toxic cyclic pollutants in coal pyrolysis wastewater,three common species were applied to investigate effect of light conditions and sample color on the tests,as well as their applicability in real coal pyrolysis wastewater.The results showed,as light and color highly affected the toxicity evaluation of typical pollutants,it was suggested that the toxicity should be tested in dark conditions,and testing methods characterized by absorbance should be avoided.Finally,algae test was not suggested for toxicity evaluation of coal pyrolysis wastewater,while Daphnia magna( D.magna) was suggested for application due to the highest applicability in the real coal pyrolysis wastewater evaluation with TU was 100.87,12.13 and 8.37 for effluent from anaerobic,aerobic,advanced oxidation process,respectively.And Tetrahymena thermophile( T.thermophile) may be an alternative toxicity test for aerobic wastewater with TU = 6.67,similar to D.magna.
引文
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[20]徐春艳,韩洪军,姚杰,等.煤化工废水处理关键问题解析及技术发展趋势[J].中国给水排水,2014(22):78-80.XU Chunyan,HAN Hongjun,YAO Jie,et al.Analysis on key problems in coal gasification wastewater treatment and its technology development tendency[J].China Water and Wastewater,2014(22):78-80.
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[2]王伟,韩洪军,张静,等.煤制气废水处理技术研究进展[J].化工进展,2013,32(3):681-686.WANG Wei,HAN Hongjun,ZHANG Jing,et al.Progress in treatment technologies of coal gasification wastewater[J].Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress,2013,32(3):681-686.
[3]ZHAO Qian,LIU Yu.State of the art of biological processes for coal gasification wastewater treatment[J].Biotechnology Advances,2016,34(8):1442-1444.
[4]MA W,HAN Y,XU C,et al.Enhanced degradation of phenolic compounds in coal gasification wastewater by a novel integration of micro-electrolysis with biological reactor(MEBR)under the micro-oxygen condition[J].Bioresource Technology,2018,251:303-310.
[5]ZHU Hao,HAN Yuxing,MA Wencheng,et al.Removal of selected nitrogenous heterocyclic compounds in biologically pretreated coal gasification wastewater(BPCGW)using the catalytic ozonation process combined with the two-stage membrane bioreactor(MBR)[J].Bioresource Technology,2017,245:786-793.
[6]LATIF M,LICEK E.Toxicity assessment of wastewaters,river waters,and sediments in Austria using cost-effective microbiotests[J].Environment Toxicology,2004,19(4):302-309.
[7]余若祯,穆玉峰,王海燕,等.排水综合评价中的生物毒性测试技术[J].环境科学研究,2014,27(4):390-397.YU Ruozhen,MU Yufeng,WANG Haiyan,et al.Review on the aquatic organisms toxicity test in the whole effluent assessment[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2014,27(4):390-397.
[8]PERSOONE Guido,MARSALEK Blahoslav,BLINOVA Irina,et al.A practical and user-friendly toxicity classification system with microbiotests for natural waters and wastewaters[J].Environmental Toxicology,2003,18(6):395-402.
[9]LEE Ya-Ching,WHANG Liang-Ming,MINH Huy Ngo,et al.Acute toxicity assessment of TFT-LCD wastewater using Daphnia similis and Cyprinus carpio[J].Process Safety and Environmental Protection,2016,103:499-506.
[10]RIZZO L.Bioassays as a tool for evaluating advanced oxidation processes in water and wastewater treatment[J].Water Research,2011,45(15):4311-4340.
[11]ZHUANG H,HAN H,JIA S,et al.Advanced treatment of biologically pretreated coal gasification wastewater using a novel anoxic moving bed biofilm reactor(ANMBBR)-biological aerated filter(BAF)system[J].Bioresource Technology,2014,157:223-230.
[12]徐鹏.煤气废水杂环与多环芳烃化合物生物降解及抑制性研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2016.
[13]BATTERSBY N S,WILSON V.Survey of the anaerobic biodegradation potential of organic-chemicals in digesting sludge[J].Applied and Environmental Microbiology,1989,55(2):433-439.
[14]刘国光,徐海娟,王莉霞,等.环境有机污染物对蚤的毒性研究[J].环境与健康杂志,2003,20(6):369-371.LIU Guoguang,XU Haijuan,WANG Lixia,et al.Study on toxicity of toxic organic pollutants to Daphnia[J].Journal of Environment and Health,2003,20(6):369-371.
[15]贺润升,徐荣华,韦朝海.焦化废水生物出水溶解性有机物特性光谱表征[J].环境化学,2015,34(1):129-136.HE Runsheng,XU Ronghua,WEI Chaohai.Spectral characterization of dissolved organic matter in bio-treated effluent of coking wastewater[J].Environmental Chemistry,2015,34(1):129-136.
[16]BAJOT F,CRONIN M T D,ROBERTS D W,et al.Reactivity and aquatic toxicity of aromatic compounds transformable to quinonetype Michael acceptors[J].SAR and QSAR in Environmental Research,2011,22:51-65.
[17]ZHANG Xujia,QIN Weichao,HE Jia,et al.Discrimination of excess toxicity from narcotic effect:comparison of toxicity of class-based organic chemicals to Daphnia magna and Tetrahymena pyriformis[J].Chemosphere,2013,93(2):397-407.
[18]常灵.紫外辐射加速吡啶和喹啉的生物降解[D].上海:上海师范大学,2014.
[19]王莹.蒽醌类和多环芳烃类化合物对水生生物的急性光致毒性及QSAR研究[D].大连:大连理工大学,2009.
[20]徐春艳,韩洪军,姚杰,等.煤化工废水处理关键问题解析及技术发展趋势[J].中国给水排水,2014(22):78-80.XU Chunyan,HAN Hongjun,YAO Jie,et al.Analysis on key problems in coal gasification wastewater treatment and its technology development tendency[J].China Water and Wastewater,2014(22):78-80.
[21]方芳,吴刚,韩洪军,等.我国煤化工废水处理关键工艺解析[J].水处理技术,2017,43(6):37-40.FANG Fang,WU Gang,HAN Hongjun,et al.Key process analysis of wastewater treatment in coal chemical industry in China[J].Technology of Water Treatment,2017,43(6):37-40.