井间地震时频域联合速度和衰减系数同步层析反演
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摘要
井间地震资料中蕴含丰富的地下储层岩性和物性信息,利用井间地震直达波初至信息,通过层析反演可以得到两井之间的速度剖面。通过对井间地震直达波振幅衰减信息的处理,可以实现井间的吸收衰减层析成像。基于井间地震直达波射线路径的一致性,提出了井间地震时域直达波走时层析反演和频域质心频率衰减层析同步反演方法,增加了约束条件,增强了抗干扰能力。对模型和实际资料的处理结果表明,速度和吸收衰减同步反演方法,提高了速度层析反演精度,得到了对油气更为敏感的衰减属性,增强了井间地震在储层描述和油气预测中的应用能力。
Abundant information about reservoir lithology and reservoir physical property can be got from cross well seismic data. From first arrival time of direct wave in time domain, velocity of cross well can be inversed using tomography technology; From amplitude attenuation of direct wave in frequency domain, seismic attenuation of cross well can be obtained using similar inversion technology. Based on the ray path conformability of direct wave of cross well, a new inversion technology is developed to get velocity and attenuation coefficient simultaneously from direct wave of cross well seismic data. The new simultaneous inversion technology associate the arrival time in time domain with the amplitude attenuation for the same direct wave of cross well, which means more constraint conditions, and more noise immunity. The results of theoretical model and actual seismic data show that, the new technology not only improve the accuracy degree of velocity inversion, but also obtain the attenuation property, which enhance the ability of reservoir description and oil prediction for cross well seismic data.
Abundant information about reservoir lithology and reservoir physical property can be got from cross well seismic data. From first arrival time of direct wave in time domain, velocity of cross well can be inversed using tomography technology; From amplitude attenuation of direct wave in frequency domain, seismic attenuation of cross well can be obtained using similar inversion technology. Based on the ray path conformability of direct wave of cross well, a new inversion technology is developed to get velocity and attenuation coefficient simultaneously from direct wave of cross well seismic data. The new simultaneous inversion technology associate the arrival time in time domain with the amplitude attenuation for the same direct wave of cross well, which means more constraint conditions, and more noise immunity. The results of theoretical model and actual seismic data show that, the new technology not only improve the accuracy degree of velocity inversion, but also obtain the attenuation property, which enhance the ability of reservoir description and oil prediction for cross well seismic data.
引文
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[11] 刘玉柱,董良国,夏建军.初至波走时层析成像中的正则化方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,2007,42(6):682- 685,698.LIU Y Z,DONG L G,XIA J J.Normalized approach in tomographic imaging of first breaks travel time[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2007 ,42(6):682-685,698.(In Chinese)
[2] 裴正林.井间地震层析成像的现状与进展[J].地球物理学进展,2001,16(3):91-97PEI Z L.Status and progress on crosshole seismic tomography[J].Progress in Geophysics,2001,16(3):91-97.(In Chinese)
[3] 严又生,魏新.关于井间地震层析成像中几个问题的探讨[J].石油地球物理勘探,1997,32(4):492-502.YAN Y S,WEI X.Approach to some problems in crosshole seismic tomography[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,1997,32(4):492-502.(In Chinese)
[4] 王辉,常旭,高峰.井间地震衰减成像的几种方法[J].地球物理学进展,2001,16(1):104- 109.WANG H,CHANG X,GAO F.Several methods of crosswell seismic attenuation tomography[J].Progress in Geophysics,2001,16(1):104- 109.(In Chinese)
[5] A.I.BEST,C.MCCANN,J.SOTHCOTT.The Relationships between the velocities,attenuations,and petrophysical properties of reservoir sedimentary rocks [J].Geophys,Prosp,1994,42(2):151-178.
[6] 严又生,宜明理.井间地震速度和Q值联合层析成像及应用[J].石油地球物理勘探 ,2001,36 (1):10-17.YAN Y S,YI M L.Joint tomographic imaging for cross-hole seismic velocity and Q value[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2001,36 (1):10-17.(In Chinese)
[7] 施俊杰,张建中.井间地震直达波和反射波走时联合层析反演[J].中国海洋大学学报,2013,43(7):61-65.SHI J J,ZHANG J Z.Crosshole Seismic tomographic inversion using combined direct and reflected traveltimes[J].Journal of Ocean University of China,2013,43(7):61-65.(In Chinese)
[8] 张建中,丁兴号.一种2.5维井间透射波层析成像方法[J].声学学报,2007,32(1):92-96ZHANG J Z,DENG X H.An approach to 2.5-D crosshole seismic trasmission tomography[J].Chinese Journal of Acoustics,2007,32(1):92-96.(In Chinese)
[9] TONN RAINER.The determination of the seismic quality factor Q from VSP data:A comparison of different computational methods [J].Geophysical Prospecting,1991,39(1):1-27.
[10] 左建军,林松辉,孔庆丰,等.井间地震直达波和反射波联合层析成像及应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2011,46(2):226-231ZUO J J,LIN S H,KONG Q F ,et al.Imaging by ajoint tomography of direct wave traveltime and reflection wave traveltime in crosswell seismic and its application[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2011,46(2):226-231.(In Chinese)
[11] 刘玉柱,董良国,夏建军.初至波走时层析成像中的正则化方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,2007,42(6):682- 685,698.LIU Y Z,DONG L G,XIA J J.Normalized approach in tomographic imaging of first breaks travel time[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2007 ,42(6):682-685,698.(In Chinese)