贮氢压力系统氢介质检漏方法研究
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摘要
对贮氢压力系统,基于氦质谱仪的氢检测模式,提出了采用系统自带氢气作为示踪气体的氢质谱检漏方法。为验证该方法的有效性,开展了低漏率通道型漏孔研制,通过金属毛细管挤压、固定的方式制作了常压下氦漏率在10~(-6)～10~(-8)Pa·m~3/s量级范围的通道型漏孔,采用氦质谱检漏技术监测了部分漏孔漏率随时间变化情况,监测结果表明,该方法可以制备漏率稳定的漏孔。基于研制漏孔,利用质谱仪的氢、氦检测模式获得了对应氢、氦示踪介质的漏率。通过对氢、氦漏率值的对比分析发现:当漏孔氦漏率在10~(-7)Pa·m~3/s量级及以上时,氢模式下的氢漏率稳定,约为氦检漏模式下氦漏率的2～5倍;但随着漏孔漏率进一步减小,采用现有质谱仪的氢检测模式将无法获得有效漏率值。
Based on the hydrogen mode of the mass spectrometric detector,the hydrogen mass spectrometry detection method of using the existing hydrogen as the leaking medium was proposed for the pressure hydrogen system. Works were conducted to investigate the feasibility of the method. First,standard leaks with leakage rate varying in the range 10~(-6)～ 10~(-8) Pa·m~3/s level were fabricated using compressing and fixing the metallic capillary tube. For some leaks,helium mass spectrometry leakage detection experiments were conducted to monitor the stability of leakage rate,and the result indicated that leaks with stable leakage rate can be obtained by this method. Then,based on the fabricated leaks,the helium and hydrogen mass spectrometry leakage detection experiments were conducted and the leakage rates of the corresponding helium and hydrogen leaking media were obtained. By comparing the leakage rates corresponding to the leaking medium of helium and hydrogen respectively,it was found that for the leaks with helium leakage rate larger than 10~(-7) Pa·m~3/s level,the hydrogen leakage rate was stable,which was almost 2 ～ 5 times of the helium leakage rate. However,as the leakage rate decreased further,valid hydrogen leakage rate could no longer be obtained.
Based on the hydrogen mode of the mass spectrometric detector,the hydrogen mass spectrometry detection method of using the existing hydrogen as the leaking medium was proposed for the pressure hydrogen system. Works were conducted to investigate the feasibility of the method. First,standard leaks with leakage rate varying in the range 10~(-6)～ 10~(-8) Pa·m~3/s level were fabricated using compressing and fixing the metallic capillary tube. For some leaks,helium mass spectrometry leakage detection experiments were conducted to monitor the stability of leakage rate,and the result indicated that leaks with stable leakage rate can be obtained by this method. Then,based on the fabricated leaks,the helium and hydrogen mass spectrometry leakage detection experiments were conducted and the leakage rates of the corresponding helium and hydrogen leaking media were obtained. By comparing the leakage rates corresponding to the leaking medium of helium and hydrogen respectively,it was found that for the leaks with helium leakage rate larger than 10~(-7) Pa·m~3/s level,the hydrogen leakage rate was stable,which was almost 2 ～ 5 times of the helium leakage rate. However,as the leakage rate decreased further,valid hydrogen leakage rate could no longer be obtained.
引文
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[2]徐勇,尹益辉,王少华,等.离心载荷下贮氢压力系统结构安全评定研究[J].压力容器,2012,29(5):52-58.
[3]陈栋,徐勇,邓坤秀.电爆阀用火工品输出燃气模拟装置设计及试验[J].火工品,2017(3):27-29.
[4]孙朝明,汤光平,唐兴,等.抗氢钢焊缝的声发射检测分析[J].压力容器,2010,27(5):54-59.
[5]何己有.氦质谱检漏仪检测原理及应用[J].聚酯工业,2011,24(2):54-57.
[6]孙涛,王家辉,芮骏.制冷、空调行业检漏技术的新趋势—氢气检漏法[J].制冷技术,2007(3):34-35.
[7]王凤超.氢检漏技术在压力容器检漏中的应用[J].制冷与空调,2014,14(4):78-79.
[8]黄文平,朱长平.基于质谱检漏仪的氦、氢介质检漏的研究[J].仪器仪表用户,2016,23(2):5-7.
[9]徐勇,王少华,潘晓霞,等. FeCrNi奥氏体不锈钢失效评定曲线研究[J].压力容器,2011,28(3):1-5.
[10]杨书益.核电用石墨密封垫片的试验方法研究[J].流体机械,2015,43(1):47-50.
[11]朱郑乔若.超高真空通道型漏孔的制备及其性能研究[D].合肥:合肥工业大学,2016.