高含氟多组分溶液中铍高效选择萃取研究
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摘要
金绿宝石型铍矿物具有储藏量巨大、开采难度低等优势,但在实际工业应用过程中具有铍分离和纯化困难等缺陷,影响了其开发利用;研究采用国内某地高含氟金绿宝石型铍精矿焙烧硫酸浸出液为研究对象,研究了膦酸萃取剂P204选择性分离铍过程的相关工艺及其影响因素;研究表明:萃取分离过程中萃取时间、萃取相比、萃取剂浓度、萃取p H对铍和其他杂质的萃取分离均具有较大影响;浸出液中大量氟离子的存在导致溶液中铍氟比偏低,造成萃取过程中P204官能团极化、铍氟大量络合,导致萃取时间大大延长;采用三级逆流萃取工艺,萃取剂浓度为25%、萃取p H值1.5、相比1∶1、单级萃取时间20分钟;采用此萃取分离工艺可保证铍萃取分离效率高于99%,有效避免了溶液乳化、简化了萃取工艺操作,为杂质分离和反萃创造了良好条件。
The chrysoberyl mineral has advantage for the huge reserve and low mining cost,but the difficulty of beryllium extracting from chrysoberyl limit the mineral utilization. Aiming at the solution that chrysoberyl roasting and leaching by sulfate acid,solvent extraction of Be( Ⅱ) from aqueous sulfate solution by P204 in kerosene was separately studied. It is found that the extraction process,such as extracting time,O / W,P204 concentration,hydrogen ion has great influence on the solvent extraction. For the higher fluorine in solution,the P204 functional group is polarized,beryllium complexing with fluorine,the solvent extracting time is significantly longer. Based on obtained results,the better counter-current extraction process is: three-stage countercurrent extraction,P204 concentration is 25%,p H is 1. 5,O / W is 1 and the time is 20 minute,the better extraction rate is higher than 99%.
The chrysoberyl mineral has advantage for the huge reserve and low mining cost,but the difficulty of beryllium extracting from chrysoberyl limit the mineral utilization. Aiming at the solution that chrysoberyl roasting and leaching by sulfate acid,solvent extraction of Be( Ⅱ) from aqueous sulfate solution by P204 in kerosene was separately studied. It is found that the extraction process,such as extracting time,O / W,P204 concentration,hydrogen ion has great influence on the solvent extraction. For the higher fluorine in solution,the P204 functional group is polarized,beryllium complexing with fluorine,the solvent extracting time is significantly longer. Based on obtained results,the better counter-current extraction process is: three-stage countercurrent extraction,P204 concentration is 25%,p H is 1. 5,O / W is 1 and the time is 20 minute,the better extraction rate is higher than 99%.
引文
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[4]THORAT D D,TRIPATHI B M,SATHIYAMOORTHY D.Extraction of beryllium from Indian beryl by ammonium hydrofluoride[J].Hydrometallurgy,2011,109(1—2):18-22.
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