铜网促进四氢呋喃水合物生成实验
|
摘要
为解决静态系统中水合物诱导时间长、生长速度慢的问题,利用铜网较高的表面能以及适宜的网状结构,从减小成核壁垒和强化传热方面研究了常压下四氢呋喃+水体系中添加金属铜网对水合物生成的影响。实验结果表明,铜网的存在能减小晶核形成所需克服的表面能,诱导THF水合物成核,减少水合物生成的诱导时间。在实验条件下,40目铜网较80目铜网对THF水合物生成的促进效果好,水合物形成的诱导时间短。随着铜网层数的增加,水合物形成的诱导时间缩短。温度升高,THF水合物成核随机性增大。与圆柱形铜网相比,W形铜网作用下THF水合物形成诱导时间变化区间小。温度越低,水合物形成的诱导时间越短,水合物生长速度越快,生成的水合物也越密实。
In order to solve the problem of long induction time and slow growth rate of hydrate formation in the quiescent system,copper mesh was used to reduce nucleation barrier and enhance heat transfer as copper mesh has high surface energy and heat conductivity. The experimental results show that the presence of copper can reduce the surface energy required for hydrate nucleation,promote the formation of THF hydrate and greatly reduce the induction time of hydrate formation. Under the experimental conditions,40 mesh copper mesh have better effect on THF hydrate formation than that of 80 mesh copper mesh. As the number of copper mesh layers increases,the induction time of the hydrate formation decreases. As the temperature rises,the randomness of THF hydrate nucleation increases. Compared with the cylindrical copper mesh,the induction time of THF hydrate formation is relatively stable in the presence of W-shaped copper mesh. The induction time of the hydrate formation decreases,the rate of hydrate growth increases and more hydrate forms with the reducing of the experimental temperature.
In order to solve the problem of long induction time and slow growth rate of hydrate formation in the quiescent system,copper mesh was used to reduce nucleation barrier and enhance heat transfer as copper mesh has high surface energy and heat conductivity. The experimental results show that the presence of copper can reduce the surface energy required for hydrate nucleation,promote the formation of THF hydrate and greatly reduce the induction time of hydrate formation. Under the experimental conditions,40 mesh copper mesh have better effect on THF hydrate formation than that of 80 mesh copper mesh. As the number of copper mesh layers increases,the induction time of the hydrate formation decreases. As the temperature rises,the randomness of THF hydrate nucleation increases. Compared with the cylindrical copper mesh,the induction time of THF hydrate formation is relatively stable in the presence of W-shaped copper mesh. The induction time of the hydrate formation decreases,the rate of hydrate growth increases and more hydrate forms with the reducing of the experimental temperature.
引文
1李刚,谢应明,刘道平.蓄冷空调新工质——气体水合物的替代选择概述[J].制冷学报,2008,29(3):18-23.Li Gang,Xie Yingming,Liu Daoping.New type gas hydrate cool-storage media[J].Journal of Refrigerant,2008,29(3):18-23.
2 赵建忠,赵阳升,石定贤.喷射雾化方式下气体水合物生成的实验研究[J].化工进展,2008,27(z1):609-612.Zhao Jianzhong,Zhao Yangsheng,Shi Dingxian.Experimental study of gas hydrate formation under spray atomization[J].Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress,2008,27(z1):609-612.
3 温永刚,陈秋雄,陈运文,等.冰点以下甲烷水合物密闭分解特性实验研究[J].低温工程,2013(6):10-14.Wen Yonggang,Chen Qiuxiong,Chen Yunwen,et al.Experiment study on dissociation characteristics of methane hydrates in closed system below ice point[J].Cryogenics,2013(6):10-14.
4 Tomlinson J J.Heat-pump cool storage in a clathrate of Freon[J].American Institute of Chemical Engineers,1982(4):2060-2064.
5 臧小亚,樊栓狮,梁德青,等.3A分子筛对四氢呋喃水合物生成过程的影响[J].中国科学(B辑):化学.2008,38(2):170-176.Zang Xiaoya,Fan Shuanshi,Liang Deqing,et al.Effect of 3A molecular sieve on the formation of tetrahydrofuran hydrate[J].Science in China Series B:Chemistry,2008,38(2):170-176.
6 Kashchieva D,Firoozabadi A.Nucleation of gas hydrates[J].Journal of Crystal Growth,2002,243(3):476-489.
7 肖进新,赵振国.表面活性剂应用原理[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2003:81-83.
8 Dipendu Saha,Deng Shuguang.Accelerated formation of THF-H2clathrate hydrate in porous media[J].Langmuir,2010,26(11):8414-8418.
9 Yang M,Song Y,Jiang L,et al.The effects of porous medium and temperature on exothermic tetrahydrofuran hydrate formation[J].Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics,2014,78(11):167-174.
10 刘光照,朱亚男.晶体成核理论[J].人工晶体学报,1981(2):7-40.Liu Guangzhao,Zhu Yanan.Crystal nucleation theory[J].Journal of Synthetic Crystals,1981(2):7-40.
11 马鸿凯,孙志高,焦丽君,等.添加剂对静态条件下HCFC-141b水合物生成的促进作用[J].制冷学报,2016,37(1):101-105.Ma Hongkai,Sun Zhigao,Jiao Lijun,et al.Promoting effects of additives on HCFC-141b hydrate formation in quiescent systems[J].Journal of Refrigerant,2016,37(1):101-105.
12 郭平,熊枫.多孔介质中动态合成天然气水合物的新方法[J].科学技术与工程,2017,17(10):173-176.Guo Ping,Xiong Feng.A new method of dynamic synthesis of natural gas hydrate in porous media[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2017,17(10):173-176.
2 赵建忠,赵阳升,石定贤.喷射雾化方式下气体水合物生成的实验研究[J].化工进展,2008,27(z1):609-612.Zhao Jianzhong,Zhao Yangsheng,Shi Dingxian.Experimental study of gas hydrate formation under spray atomization[J].Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress,2008,27(z1):609-612.
3 温永刚,陈秋雄,陈运文,等.冰点以下甲烷水合物密闭分解特性实验研究[J].低温工程,2013(6):10-14.Wen Yonggang,Chen Qiuxiong,Chen Yunwen,et al.Experiment study on dissociation characteristics of methane hydrates in closed system below ice point[J].Cryogenics,2013(6):10-14.
4 Tomlinson J J.Heat-pump cool storage in a clathrate of Freon[J].American Institute of Chemical Engineers,1982(4):2060-2064.
5 臧小亚,樊栓狮,梁德青,等.3A分子筛对四氢呋喃水合物生成过程的影响[J].中国科学(B辑):化学.2008,38(2):170-176.Zang Xiaoya,Fan Shuanshi,Liang Deqing,et al.Effect of 3A molecular sieve on the formation of tetrahydrofuran hydrate[J].Science in China Series B:Chemistry,2008,38(2):170-176.
6 Kashchieva D,Firoozabadi A.Nucleation of gas hydrates[J].Journal of Crystal Growth,2002,243(3):476-489.
7 肖进新,赵振国.表面活性剂应用原理[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2003:81-83.
8 Dipendu Saha,Deng Shuguang.Accelerated formation of THF-H2clathrate hydrate in porous media[J].Langmuir,2010,26(11):8414-8418.
9 Yang M,Song Y,Jiang L,et al.The effects of porous medium and temperature on exothermic tetrahydrofuran hydrate formation[J].Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics,2014,78(11):167-174.
10 刘光照,朱亚男.晶体成核理论[J].人工晶体学报,1981(2):7-40.Liu Guangzhao,Zhu Yanan.Crystal nucleation theory[J].Journal of Synthetic Crystals,1981(2):7-40.
11 马鸿凯,孙志高,焦丽君,等.添加剂对静态条件下HCFC-141b水合物生成的促进作用[J].制冷学报,2016,37(1):101-105.Ma Hongkai,Sun Zhigao,Jiao Lijun,et al.Promoting effects of additives on HCFC-141b hydrate formation in quiescent systems[J].Journal of Refrigerant,2016,37(1):101-105.
12 郭平,熊枫.多孔介质中动态合成天然气水合物的新方法[J].科学技术与工程,2017,17(10):173-176.Guo Ping,Xiong Feng.A new method of dynamic synthesis of natural gas hydrate in porous media[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2017,17(10):173-176.