夹角和偏移距对岩溶区高密度电法响应特征的影响试验研究
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摘要
高密度电法是岩溶区隐患探查的重要手段,考虑到岩溶管道走向多变、现场测线布设偏离异常体等问题,为利用高密度电法实施岩溶区溶洞及岩溶管道等异常空间分布精确探测及准确定位,开展了高密度电法的旁侧响应研究。通过构建室内水槽试验模型,采用比值处理手段,研究并探讨了不同走向、不同深度的岩溶管道以及同一埋深下的溶洞模型逐渐偏离探测断面过程中的电场响应规律。结果表明:岩溶管道与测线夹角从60°到30°的响应特征减弱幅度较从90°到60°明显;随着岩溶管道与测线之间夹角减小,探测到异常中心位置处的电阻率值逐渐变小,但其两侧电阻率值有所升高;溶洞模型逐渐偏离测线的过程中,异常区域逐渐下移但其顶部比底部下移明显。研究成果有效掌握并利用旁侧效应的特征和规律,从而为野外测线的合理布置及地质解译提供参考。
As the high-density resistivity method is an important means to detect hidden dangers in karst area,a study is made on the lateral response of the high-densityresistivity method,so as to implement the accurate detection and correct positioning of the abnormal spatial distribution of karst cave and karst passage within karst area under the consideration of the problems of the various strike directions of karst passage,the deviation of in situ survey line layout from abnormal body,etc. Through building the model of indoor flume experiment,the laws of electric field responses during the processes of the gradual deviations of the karst passages with various strike directions and various depths as well as the karst cave models under the same buried depths from the detecting cross-sections are studied and explored by the means of ratio processing. The result shows that the decreasing extent of the response characteristics of the included angle between karst passage and the survey line from 60° to 30° is more obvious than that from 90°to 60°. Along with the decrease of the included angle between karst passage and the survey line,the resistivity value at the abnormal central position is detected to be gradually decreased,but the resistivity values on both the sides are increased to some extent. During the process of the gradual deviation of the karst cave model from the survey line,the abnormal zone gradually moves downward,however,the downward move of its top is more obvious than that of the bottom. The lateral effect is effectively grasped and utilized in this study,thus relevant reference is provide for the reasonable layout of field survey line and geological interpretation.
As the high-density resistivity method is an important means to detect hidden dangers in karst area,a study is made on the lateral response of the high-densityresistivity method,so as to implement the accurate detection and correct positioning of the abnormal spatial distribution of karst cave and karst passage within karst area under the consideration of the problems of the various strike directions of karst passage,the deviation of in situ survey line layout from abnormal body,etc. Through building the model of indoor flume experiment,the laws of electric field responses during the processes of the gradual deviations of the karst passages with various strike directions and various depths as well as the karst cave models under the same buried depths from the detecting cross-sections are studied and explored by the means of ratio processing. The result shows that the decreasing extent of the response characteristics of the included angle between karst passage and the survey line from 60° to 30° is more obvious than that from 90°to 60°. Along with the decrease of the included angle between karst passage and the survey line,the resistivity value at the abnormal central position is detected to be gradually decreased,but the resistivity values on both the sides are increased to some extent. During the process of the gradual deviation of the karst cave model from the survey line,the abnormal zone gradually moves downward,however,the downward move of its top is more obvious than that of the bottom. The lateral effect is effectively grasped and utilized in this study,thus relevant reference is provide for the reasonable layout of field survey line and geological interpretation.
引文
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[20]张平松,凡净,吴荣新,等.大倾角煤层工作面底板岩层富水异常区探查方法研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2015,32(4):639-643.
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[22]谭磊,胡雄武,张平松,等.坝体浸润特征的并行电法连续监测技术[J].南水北调与水利科技,2015,13(5):865-869.
[2]李海涛,陈邦松,杨雪,等.岩溶塌陷监测内容及方法概述[J].工程地质学报,2015,23(1):126-134.
[3]段成龙,阎长虹,许宝田,等.跨孔地震CT技术在地铁工程施工溶洞探测方面的应用[J].地质论评,2013,59(6):1242-1248.
[4]陈玉玲,甘伏平,卢呈杰,等.裸露岩溶区地下河管道综合地球物理方法探测研究[J].地球物理学进展,2013,28(3):1608-1616.
[5]底青云,安志国,马凤山,等.高速公路隧道岩溶区地质结构电磁法精细探测研究[J].工程地质学报,2014,22(4):692-698.
[6]郑智杰,曾洁,甘伏平.装置和电极距对岩溶管道高密度电法响应特征的影响研究[J].水文地质工程地质,2016,43(5):161-165.
[7]郑智杰.地形起伏对高密度电法探测地下岩溶管道的影响试验研究[J].工程地质学报,2017,25(1):230-236.
[8]曹崇本.高阻溶洞上高密度电法与高密度联合剖面法异常响应特征研究[J].贵州地质,2012,29(2):112-118.
[9]章飞亮,孙中科.综合物探技术在城市轨道交通岩溶勘察中的应用[J].铁道勘察,2017,43(5):82-86.
[10]TASSY A,MAXWELL M,BORGOMANO J,et al.Electrical resistivity tomo-graphy(ERT)of a coastal carbonate aquifer(PortMiou,SE France)[J].Environmental earth sciences,2014,71(2):601-608.
[11]周文龙,张平松,许时昂,等.利用综合物探方法探察山区河床地质条件[J].水利水电技术,2017,48(9):193-198.
[12]黄真萍,胡艳,朱鹏超,等.高密度电阻率勘测方法分辨率研究与探讨[J].工程地质学报,2014,22(5):1015-1021.
[13]肖宏跃,武娇阳,雷宛,等.实验室高密度电法微测系统的模型研究[J].地球物理学进展,2011,26(4):1464-1472.
[14]陈松,陈长敬,吴俊,等.物探方法在强风化区填图中的应用探索[J].地质力学学报,2017,23(2):206-213.
[15]陈清.高密度电阻率法探测地下构筑物效果分析[J].铁道勘察,2017,43(5):48-50.
[16]傅良魁,李金铭.电法勘探教程[M].北京:地质出版社,1983.
[17]刘嵘,马见青,李庆春,等.重磁电综合地球物理探测河套盆地深部结构[J].地质力学学报,2016,22(4):943-954.
[18]黄健民,邓雄文,胡让全.广州金沙洲岩溶区地下水位变化与地面塌陷及地面沉降关系探讨[J].中国地质,2015,42(1):300-307.
[19]汤洪志,邓居智.电法勘探原理[M].北京:地质出版社,2013.
[20]张平松,凡净,吴荣新,等.大倾角煤层工作面底板岩层富水异常区探查方法研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2015,32(4):639-643.
[21]张新兵,于鹏,吴健生.基于相似性原理的电法探测物理模拟实验教学[J].中国地质教育,2012,21(2):64-66.
[22]谭磊,胡雄武,张平松,等.坝体浸润特征的并行电法连续监测技术[J].南水北调与水利科技,2015,13(5):865-869.