不同行距与苗带宽度互作对宽幅精播小麦产量形成的影响
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摘要
为探明不同行距、不同苗带宽度互作对小麦产量形成的影响,完善小麦宽幅精播配套栽培技术,选用高产冬小麦品种山农28为材料,采用裂区设计(主区播种行距分别为20、25、30 cm;副区苗带宽度分别为3、5、7、9、11 cm),研究了不同行距与苗带宽度配置对小麦群体动态、干物质积累与转运及产量的影响。结果表明,行距20 cm时,5 cm苗带宽度种植的小麦干物质积累量和产量较高;行距25 cm时,配置苗带宽度9 cm的小麦干物质积累量和产量均达到较高水平;行距30 cm时,苗带宽度11 cm种植的小麦干物质积累量和产量较高。综合分析认为,山农28采用行距25 cm配置苗带9 cm种植,可实现产量构成三因素的协调,获得最高产量。因此,合理的种植苗带宽度和行距配置是实现宽幅播种小麦高产的重要技术途径。
In order to explore the interaction effects of line spacing and seedling belt width on wheat yield formation and improve the cultivation techniques of broad-width and fine seeding of wheat, a high-yielding winter wheat cultivar Shannong 28 was selected as material. Using the split plot design, the main plot was set line spacing as 20, 25 cm and 30 cm, respectively, and the sub-plot was set seedling belt width as 3, 5, 7, 9 cm and 11 cm, respectively. Then the population dynamics, dry matter accumulation and transportation and yield of wheat were studied under the experiment conditions. The results showed that under the line spacing as 20 cm, the dry matter accumulation and yield of winter wheat with the seedling belt width of 5 cm were higher. When the line spacing was 25 cm, the dry matter accumulation and yield under the seedling belt width of 9 cm reached a high level. Under the line spacing as 30 cm, the Shannong 28 achieved higher dry matter accumulation and yield with the seedling belt width of 11 cm. Comprehensive analysis revealed that the suitable treatment for Shannong 28 were 25 cm of line spacing and 9 cm of seedling belt width, which could realize the coordination of the three factors of yield composition and get higher yield. Therefore, the reasonable line spacing and seedling belt width were the important technical ways to realize high yield of wheat.
In order to explore the interaction effects of line spacing and seedling belt width on wheat yield formation and improve the cultivation techniques of broad-width and fine seeding of wheat, a high-yielding winter wheat cultivar Shannong 28 was selected as material. Using the split plot design, the main plot was set line spacing as 20, 25 cm and 30 cm, respectively, and the sub-plot was set seedling belt width as 3, 5, 7, 9 cm and 11 cm, respectively. Then the population dynamics, dry matter accumulation and transportation and yield of wheat were studied under the experiment conditions. The results showed that under the line spacing as 20 cm, the dry matter accumulation and yield of winter wheat with the seedling belt width of 5 cm were higher. When the line spacing was 25 cm, the dry matter accumulation and yield under the seedling belt width of 9 cm reached a high level. Under the line spacing as 30 cm, the Shannong 28 achieved higher dry matter accumulation and yield with the seedling belt width of 11 cm. Comprehensive analysis revealed that the suitable treatment for Shannong 28 were 25 cm of line spacing and 9 cm of seedling belt width, which could realize the coordination of the three factors of yield composition and get higher yield. Therefore, the reasonable line spacing and seedling belt width were the important technical ways to realize high yield of wheat.
引文
[1] 党伟,马超,赵强,等.宽幅精播对小麦产量及产量构成因素的影响[J].河北农业科学,2015,19(2):15-17.
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[5] 吴玉娥,郜庆炉,薛香.行距对超高产小麦冠层结构及产量构成的影响[J].河南农业科学,2005(9):16-20.
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[8] 胡梦芸,张正斌,徐萍,等.亏缺灌溉下小麦水分利用效率与光合产物积累运转的相关研究[J].作物学报,2007,33(11):1884-1891.
[9] 黄严帅,张洪程,许轲,等.氮肥用量对中筋小麦扬麦11号产量和群体质量的影响[J].中国农学通报,2006,24(10):238-241.
[10] 王长年,吴朵业,夏新宇,等.高肥条件下密度对济南17号小麦群体质量和产量的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2002(1):18-19.
[11] 曾浙荣,赵双宁,李青.北京地区高产小麦品种的冠层形成、光截获和产量[J].作物学报,1991,17(3):161-170.
[12] 杨文平,郭天财,刘胜波,等.行距配置对‘兰考矮早八’小麦后期群体冠层结构及其微环境的影响[J].植物生态学报,2008,32(2):485-490.
[13] 杨文平,郭天财,冯伟,等.行距配置对两种穗型冬小麦品种光合特性及产量的影响[J].麦类作物学报,2012,32(3):494-499.
[14] 殷复伟,王文鑫,谷淑波,等.株行距配置对宽幅播种小麦产量形成的影响[J].麦类作物学报,2018,38(6):710-717.
[15] 刘丽平,胡焕焕,李瑞奇,等.行距配置和密度对冬小麦品种河农822群体质量及产量的影响[J].华北农学报,2008,23(2):125-131.
[2] 赵秉强,余松烈,李凤超,等.带状种植小麦带型—群体—产量相关规律研究[J].中国农业科学,1999,32(1):33-39.
[3] 李世莹,冯伟,王永华,等.宽幅播种带间距对冬小麦冠层特征及产量的影响[J].植物生态学报,2013,37(8):758-767.
[4] 赵海波,于凯,曲日涛,等.宽幅精播对冬小麦群体动态和产量的影响[J].农业科技通讯,2012(6):42-45.
[5] 吴玉娥,郜庆炉,薛香.行距对超高产小麦冠层结构及产量构成的影响[J].河南农业科学,2005(9):16-20.
[6] 张全国,马瑞昆,贾秀领,等.种植密度和样式对强筋小麦产量及其构成的影响[J].河北农业科学,2006,10(2):11-15.
[7] 冯伟,李世莹,王永华,等.宽幅播种下带间距对冬小麦衰老进程及产量的影响[J].生态学报,2015,35(8):2686-2694.
[8] 胡梦芸,张正斌,徐萍,等.亏缺灌溉下小麦水分利用效率与光合产物积累运转的相关研究[J].作物学报,2007,33(11):1884-1891.
[9] 黄严帅,张洪程,许轲,等.氮肥用量对中筋小麦扬麦11号产量和群体质量的影响[J].中国农学通报,2006,24(10):238-241.
[10] 王长年,吴朵业,夏新宇,等.高肥条件下密度对济南17号小麦群体质量和产量的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2002(1):18-19.
[11] 曾浙荣,赵双宁,李青.北京地区高产小麦品种的冠层形成、光截获和产量[J].作物学报,1991,17(3):161-170.
[12] 杨文平,郭天财,刘胜波,等.行距配置对‘兰考矮早八’小麦后期群体冠层结构及其微环境的影响[J].植物生态学报,2008,32(2):485-490.
[13] 杨文平,郭天财,冯伟,等.行距配置对两种穗型冬小麦品种光合特性及产量的影响[J].麦类作物学报,2012,32(3):494-499.
[14] 殷复伟,王文鑫,谷淑波,等.株行距配置对宽幅播种小麦产量形成的影响[J].麦类作物学报,2018,38(6):710-717.
[15] 刘丽平,胡焕焕,李瑞奇,等.行距配置和密度对冬小麦品种河农822群体质量及产量的影响[J].华北农学报,2008,23(2):125-131.