应用等效网络原理的新型配电网故障定位技术
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摘要
针对配电网电源、负荷结构及潮流水平的变化,本文应用等效网络原理提出一种故障定位新方法。首先基于分布参数模型,利用分布式采集的电气数据,计算沿线各节点电压与电流,初步判断故障发生的区域;然后计算故障区域两端的等效网络参数,进而在该网络的基础上对不同故障类型进行故障定位分析与判断。结合工程实际,在PSCAD上搭建含分布式电源(DG)接入的配电网模型,对故障定位新方法进行仿真验证,结果表明,所提方法适应于配电网中的各种位置发生的各种类型故障。
In consideration of the variation of the source-load structure of distribution network and the power flow level,a novel fault location method is proposed in this paper with the application of equivalent network principle. Based on the distributed parameter model,the electrical data collected in a distributed way are used to calculate the voltage and current at each node along the line,thus determining the fault area initially. Then,the equivalent network parameters at both ends of the fault area are calculated. Finally,on the basis of the network,the fault location is analyzed and determined in light of different fault types. Combined with engineering practices,a distribution network model with distributed generations(DG)is constructed in PSCAD,and the proposed fault location principle is verified by simulations,showing that the proposed method is suitable for various fault types at different locations of distribution network.
In consideration of the variation of the source-load structure of distribution network and the power flow level,a novel fault location method is proposed in this paper with the application of equivalent network principle. Based on the distributed parameter model,the electrical data collected in a distributed way are used to calculate the voltage and current at each node along the line,thus determining the fault area initially. Then,the equivalent network parameters at both ends of the fault area are calculated. Finally,on the basis of the network,the fault location is analyzed and determined in light of different fault types. Combined with engineering practices,a distribution network model with distributed generations(DG)is constructed in PSCAD,and the proposed fault location principle is verified by simulations,showing that the proposed method is suitable for various fault types at different locations of distribution network.
引文
[1]孔祥平,张哲,尹项根,等(Kong Xiangping,Zhang Zhe,Yin Xianggen,et al).含逆变型分布式电源的电网故障电流特性与故障分析方法研究(Study on fault current characteristics and fault analysis method of power grid with inverter interfaced distributed generation)[J].中国电机工程学报(Proceedings of the CSEE),2013,33(34):65-74.
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[3]孙永超,邰能灵,郑晓冬(Sun Yongchao,Tai Nengling,Zheng Xiaodong).含分布式电源的配电网单相接地故障区段定位新方法(Research on single-phase grounding fault location of distribution network with DG)[J].电力科学与技术学报(Journal of Electric Power Science and Technology),2016,31(3):73-80.
[4]Correa-Tapasco E,Mora-Florez J,Perez-Londono S.Generalised strategy for implementing the minimum fault reactance based fault location algorithm in real power distribution systems[J].Ingenieria Einvestigacion,2011,31(2):71-75.
[5]康忠健,田爱娜,冯艳艳,等(Kang Zhongjian,Tian Aina,Feng Yanyan,et al).基于零序阻抗模型故障特征的含分布式电源配电网故障区间定位方法(Fault section locating method based on zero sequence impedance model fault feature in distribution network with distributed generators)[J].电工技术学报(Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society),2016,31(10):214-221.
[6]刘凯,索南加乐,邓旭阳,等(Liu Kai,Suonan Jiale,Deng Xuyang,et al).基于故障分量正序、负序和零序综合阻抗的线路纵联保护新原理(Principle of pilot line protection based on integrated impedance of fault component)[J].电力自动化设备(Electric Power Automation Equipment),2010,30(4):21-25.
[7]尤毅,刘东,于文鹏,等(You Yi,Liu Dong,Yu Wenpeng,et al).主动配电网技术及其进展(Technology and its trends of active distribution network)[J].电力系统自动化(Automation of Electric Power Systems),2012,36(18):10-16.
[8]郑秀玉,丁坚勇,黄娜(Zheng Xiuyu,Ding Jianyong,Huang Na).输电线路单端故障定位的阻抗-行波组合算法(Impedance-traveling wave assembled algorithm of one-terminal fault location for transmission lines)[J].电力系统保护与控制(Power System Protection and Control),2010,38(6):18-21.
[9]王宾,董新洲,薄志谦,等(Wang Bin,Dong Xinzhou,Bo Zhiqian,et al).特高压长线路单端阻抗法单相接地故障测距(An impedance fault location algorithm for UHVlong transmission lines with single-line-to-ground faults)[J].电力系统自动化(Automation of Electric Power Systems),2008,32(14):25-29.
[10]Mora-Florez J,Barrera-Nunez V,Carrillo-Caicedo Gilberto.Fault location in power distribution systems using a learning algorithm for multivariable data analysis[J].IEEE Trans on Power Delivery,2007,22(3):1715-1721.
[11]Mora-Florez J,Melendez J,Carrilo-Caicedo G.Comparison of impedance based fault location methods for power distribution systems[J].Electric Power Systems Research,2008,78(4):657-666.
[12]郭丽伟,薛永端,张林利,等(Guo Liwei,Xue Yongrui,Zhang Linli,et al).含分布式电源的小电阻接地方式配电网单相接地故障分析(Analysis of single-phase earth fault in low resistance grounded distribution network containing DG)[J].电力系统自动化(Automation of Electric Power Systems),2015,39(20):116-123.
[13]洪亚,谭阳红,易汗林,等(Hong Ya,Tan Yanghong,Yi Hanlin,et al).配电网单相接地故障行波定位新方法(New method of single phase-to-ground fault location based on traveling wave in distribution networks)[J].电力系统及其自动化学报(Proceedings of the CSU-EPSA),2017,29(2):14-20.
[14]Mora-Florez J J,Herrera-Orozco R A,Bedoya-Cadena AF.Fault location considering load uncertainty and distributed generation in power distribution systems[J].IET Generation,Transmission&Distribution,2015,9(3):287-295.
[15]Ren J,Venkata S S,Sortomme E.An accurate synchrophasor based fault location method for emerging distribution systems[J].IEEE Trans on Power Delivery,2014,29(1):297-298.
[16]冯希科,邰能灵,宋凯,等(Feng Xike,Tai Nengling,Song Kai,et al).DG容量对配电网电流保护的影响及对策研究(Research on the impact of DG capacity on the distribution network current protection and counter measure)[J].电力系统保护与控制(Power System Protection and Control),2010,38(22):156-165.
[17]郑涛,贾仕龙,潘玉美,等(Zheng Tao,Jia Shilong,Pan Yumei,et al).基于配电网原故障定位方案的分布式电源准入容量研究(Research on allowed penetration level of DGs based on the traditional fault location methods)[J].电网技术(Power System Technology),2014,38(8):2257-2262.
[18]Lotfifard S,Kezunovic M,Mousavi M J.A systematic approach for ranking distribution systems fault location algorithms and eliminating false estimates[J].IEEE Trans on Power Delivery,2013,28(1):285-293.
[19]苏小玲,韩民晓,赵正奎,等(Su Xiaoling,Han Minxiao,Zhao Zhengkui,et al).配电网中分布式电源最大准入容量分析(Research on maximum capacity of grid-connected distributed generation in distribution network)[J].电网技术(Power System Technology),2012,36(10):87-92.
[20]金恩淑,汪有成,陈喜峰(Jin Enshu,Wang Youcheng,Chen Xifeng).基于分区域广域继电保护系统的故障识别算法(Fault identification algorithm based on zone-division wide area protection system)[J].电力系统保护与控制(Power System Protection and Control),2014,42(9):68-73.
[21]朱永利,范国琛,赵雪松,等(Zhu Yongli,Fan Guochen,Zhao Xuesong,et al).同杆双回输电线路的四点行波故障定位方法(Four-point traveling wave fault location scheme for double circuit lines)[J].电力系统及其自动化学报(Proceedings of the CSU-EPSA),2016,28(12):124-129.
[22]Chio Myeon-Song,Lee Seung-Jae,Lee Duck-Su,et al.Anew fault location algorithm using direct circuit analysis for distribution systems[J].IEEE Trans on Power Delivery,2004,19(1):35-41.
[23]Girgis A A,Fallon C M,Lubkeman D L.A fault location technique for rural distribution feeders[J].IEEE Trans on Industry Applications,1993,29(6):1170-1175.
[2]汪冬辉,姚旭,张坤贤,等(Wang Donghui,Yao Xu,Zhang Kunxian,et al).独立运行微电网的故障特征分析(Analysis on fault characteristics of independent microgrid)[J].电力自动化设备(Electric Power Automation Equipment),2014,34(3):52-58.
[3]孙永超,邰能灵,郑晓冬(Sun Yongchao,Tai Nengling,Zheng Xiaodong).含分布式电源的配电网单相接地故障区段定位新方法(Research on single-phase grounding fault location of distribution network with DG)[J].电力科学与技术学报(Journal of Electric Power Science and Technology),2016,31(3):73-80.
[4]Correa-Tapasco E,Mora-Florez J,Perez-Londono S.Generalised strategy for implementing the minimum fault reactance based fault location algorithm in real power distribution systems[J].Ingenieria Einvestigacion,2011,31(2):71-75.
[5]康忠健,田爱娜,冯艳艳,等(Kang Zhongjian,Tian Aina,Feng Yanyan,et al).基于零序阻抗模型故障特征的含分布式电源配电网故障区间定位方法(Fault section locating method based on zero sequence impedance model fault feature in distribution network with distributed generators)[J].电工技术学报(Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society),2016,31(10):214-221.
[6]刘凯,索南加乐,邓旭阳,等(Liu Kai,Suonan Jiale,Deng Xuyang,et al).基于故障分量正序、负序和零序综合阻抗的线路纵联保护新原理(Principle of pilot line protection based on integrated impedance of fault component)[J].电力自动化设备(Electric Power Automation Equipment),2010,30(4):21-25.
[7]尤毅,刘东,于文鹏,等(You Yi,Liu Dong,Yu Wenpeng,et al).主动配电网技术及其进展(Technology and its trends of active distribution network)[J].电力系统自动化(Automation of Electric Power Systems),2012,36(18):10-16.
[8]郑秀玉,丁坚勇,黄娜(Zheng Xiuyu,Ding Jianyong,Huang Na).输电线路单端故障定位的阻抗-行波组合算法(Impedance-traveling wave assembled algorithm of one-terminal fault location for transmission lines)[J].电力系统保护与控制(Power System Protection and Control),2010,38(6):18-21.
[9]王宾,董新洲,薄志谦,等(Wang Bin,Dong Xinzhou,Bo Zhiqian,et al).特高压长线路单端阻抗法单相接地故障测距(An impedance fault location algorithm for UHVlong transmission lines with single-line-to-ground faults)[J].电力系统自动化(Automation of Electric Power Systems),2008,32(14):25-29.
[10]Mora-Florez J,Barrera-Nunez V,Carrillo-Caicedo Gilberto.Fault location in power distribution systems using a learning algorithm for multivariable data analysis[J].IEEE Trans on Power Delivery,2007,22(3):1715-1721.
[11]Mora-Florez J,Melendez J,Carrilo-Caicedo G.Comparison of impedance based fault location methods for power distribution systems[J].Electric Power Systems Research,2008,78(4):657-666.
[12]郭丽伟,薛永端,张林利,等(Guo Liwei,Xue Yongrui,Zhang Linli,et al).含分布式电源的小电阻接地方式配电网单相接地故障分析(Analysis of single-phase earth fault in low resistance grounded distribution network containing DG)[J].电力系统自动化(Automation of Electric Power Systems),2015,39(20):116-123.
[13]洪亚,谭阳红,易汗林,等(Hong Ya,Tan Yanghong,Yi Hanlin,et al).配电网单相接地故障行波定位新方法(New method of single phase-to-ground fault location based on traveling wave in distribution networks)[J].电力系统及其自动化学报(Proceedings of the CSU-EPSA),2017,29(2):14-20.
[14]Mora-Florez J J,Herrera-Orozco R A,Bedoya-Cadena AF.Fault location considering load uncertainty and distributed generation in power distribution systems[J].IET Generation,Transmission&Distribution,2015,9(3):287-295.
[15]Ren J,Venkata S S,Sortomme E.An accurate synchrophasor based fault location method for emerging distribution systems[J].IEEE Trans on Power Delivery,2014,29(1):297-298.
[16]冯希科,邰能灵,宋凯,等(Feng Xike,Tai Nengling,Song Kai,et al).DG容量对配电网电流保护的影响及对策研究(Research on the impact of DG capacity on the distribution network current protection and counter measure)[J].电力系统保护与控制(Power System Protection and Control),2010,38(22):156-165.
[17]郑涛,贾仕龙,潘玉美,等(Zheng Tao,Jia Shilong,Pan Yumei,et al).基于配电网原故障定位方案的分布式电源准入容量研究(Research on allowed penetration level of DGs based on the traditional fault location methods)[J].电网技术(Power System Technology),2014,38(8):2257-2262.
[18]Lotfifard S,Kezunovic M,Mousavi M J.A systematic approach for ranking distribution systems fault location algorithms and eliminating false estimates[J].IEEE Trans on Power Delivery,2013,28(1):285-293.
[19]苏小玲,韩民晓,赵正奎,等(Su Xiaoling,Han Minxiao,Zhao Zhengkui,et al).配电网中分布式电源最大准入容量分析(Research on maximum capacity of grid-connected distributed generation in distribution network)[J].电网技术(Power System Technology),2012,36(10):87-92.
[20]金恩淑,汪有成,陈喜峰(Jin Enshu,Wang Youcheng,Chen Xifeng).基于分区域广域继电保护系统的故障识别算法(Fault identification algorithm based on zone-division wide area protection system)[J].电力系统保护与控制(Power System Protection and Control),2014,42(9):68-73.
[21]朱永利,范国琛,赵雪松,等(Zhu Yongli,Fan Guochen,Zhao Xuesong,et al).同杆双回输电线路的四点行波故障定位方法(Four-point traveling wave fault location scheme for double circuit lines)[J].电力系统及其自动化学报(Proceedings of the CSU-EPSA),2016,28(12):124-129.
[22]Chio Myeon-Song,Lee Seung-Jae,Lee Duck-Su,et al.Anew fault location algorithm using direct circuit analysis for distribution systems[J].IEEE Trans on Power Delivery,2004,19(1):35-41.
[23]Girgis A A,Fallon C M,Lubkeman D L.A fault location technique for rural distribution feeders[J].IEEE Trans on Industry Applications,1993,29(6):1170-1175.