基于拉伸流变挤出的马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯性能
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摘要
使用新型的拉伸流变挤出机制备聚丙烯马来酸酐接枝物(PP-g-MAH)。相比于传统双螺杆挤出,基于拉伸流变挤出的PP-g-MAH具有较稳定的单体接枝率(相对接枝率在6%~7%),受设备参数影响较小,单体残留率较低。拉伸流场对聚丙烯(PP)分子链降解程度较低,分别测定了拉伸流场和剪切流场下,不同转速对PP-g-MAH的接枝率/熔体流动速率(G/M)比值的影响,发现前者的产物的G/M比值随转速增加而增加,表明拉伸流场对PP分子链降解程度较低。在PP-g-MAH相对接枝率均为6%的条件下,利用拉伸流变挤出制备的PP-g-MAH的拉伸强度比双螺杆挤出产物高25%。分别和PP以不同比例共混,前者挤出的PP共混物的冲击强度比双螺杆挤出的高11%~35%。
Polypropylene-graft-maleic anhydride(PP-g-MAH) was prepared by a novel tensile rheology extruder. Compared with traditional twin-screw extrusion,PP-g-MAH based on tensile rheology extrusion has more stable monomer grafting ratio(relative grafting ratio around 6%-7%) which is less affected by the device parameters,and the residual rate of maleic anhydride(MAH) is lower. The ratios between grafting ratio and melt flow rate of PP-g-MAH under tensile rheology field and shear rheology field were measured respectively. The ratio under tensile rheology field increase as the rotational speed increase,indicating that tensile rheology field has less effect on the degradation of the molecular chain of polypropylene(PP). Therefore,the tensile strength of PP-g-MAH prepared by tensile rheology extruder is 25% higher than that prepared by twin-screw extruder with 6% relative grafting ratio. While blended with PP in various ratios,the impact strength of PP blends using the former extruder is approximately 11%-35% higher than the latter.
Polypropylene-graft-maleic anhydride(PP-g-MAH) was prepared by a novel tensile rheology extruder. Compared with traditional twin-screw extrusion,PP-g-MAH based on tensile rheology extrusion has more stable monomer grafting ratio(relative grafting ratio around 6%-7%) which is less affected by the device parameters,and the residual rate of maleic anhydride(MAH) is lower. The ratios between grafting ratio and melt flow rate of PP-g-MAH under tensile rheology field and shear rheology field were measured respectively. The ratio under tensile rheology field increase as the rotational speed increase,indicating that tensile rheology field has less effect on the degradation of the molecular chain of polypropylene(PP). Therefore,the tensile strength of PP-g-MAH prepared by tensile rheology extruder is 25% higher than that prepared by twin-screw extruder with 6% relative grafting ratio. While blended with PP in various ratios,the impact strength of PP blends using the former extruder is approximately 11%-35% higher than the latter.
引文
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[2]张玉清,范志强.聚丙烯的接枝共聚改性[J].化工新型材料,1997,25(11):8–10.Zhang Yuqing,Fan Zhiqiang.Studies on graft modification of polypropylene[J].New Chemical Materials,1997,25(11):8–10.
[3]段良福,李炳海.PP-g-MAH和PP-g-GMA增容PP/PA6共混体系的研究[J].塑料助剂,2007(3):36–40.Duan Liangfu,Li Binghai.Study on PP/PA6 blending system compatibilized by PP-g-MAH and PP-g-GMA[J].Plastics Additives,2007(3):36–40.
[4]姜勇,徐声均.玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯的研制及应用[J].塑料科技,2000(1):7–9.Jiang Yong,Xu Shengjun.The study and application of glass fiber reinforcement polypropylene[J].Plastics Science and Technology,2000(1):7–9.
[5]杨明山.马来酸酐固相接枝PP的研究[J].塑料工业,1995,23(2):6–9.Yang Mingshan.Studies on solid-phase grafting MAH onto PP[J].China Plastics Industry,1995,23(2):6–9.
[6]刘嘉贤,王明辉,李煦田,等.PP热熔胶为高阻隔食品包装安全护航[J].CPRJ中国塑料橡胶,2017(2):46–47.Liu Jiaxian,Wang Minghui,Li Xutian,et al.Eco-friendly polypropylene hot melt adhesive for high-barrier food packaging[J].China Plastic&Rubber Journal,2017(2):46–47.
[7]娄金分,罗筑,夏忠林,等.反应挤出制备聚丙烯接枝马来酸酐的研究进展[J].塑料工业,2013,41(9):12–38.Lou Jinfen,Luo Zhu,Xia Zhonglin,et al.The research progress on preparation of maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene by reactive extrusion[J].China Plastics Industry,2013,41(9):12–38.
[8]Gaylord N G,Mishra M K.Nondegradative reaction of maleic anhydride and molten polypropylene in the presence of peroxide[J].Journal of Polymer Science Part C:Polymer Letters,1983,21(1):23–30.
[9]Roover B D,Sclavons M,Carlier V,et al.Molecular characterization of maleic anhydride-functionalized polypropylene[J].Journal of Polymer Science Part A:Polymer Chemistry,1995,33(5):829–842.
[10]Roover B D,Devaux J,Legras R.Maleicanhydride homopolymerization during melt functionalization of isotactic polypropylene[J].Journal of Polymer Science Part A:Polymer Chemistry,1996,34(7):1 195–1 202.
[11]Heinen W,Rosenm?ller C H,Wenzel C B H,et al.13C NMR study of the grafting of maleic anhydride onto polyethene,polypropene,and ethene-propene copolymers[J].Macromolecules,1996,29(4):1 151–1 157.
[12]张广成.聚烯烃的反应挤出研究[D].西安:西北工业大学,2001.Zhang Guangcheng.Study on reactive extrusion of polyolefin[D].Xian:Northwestern Polytechnical University,2001.
[13]王爱平,宋永明,王清文,等.利用挤出技术制备马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯[J].东北林业大学学报,2006,34(6):87–89.Wang Aiping,Song Yongming,Wang Qingwen,et al.Preparation of maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene by reactive extrusion[J].Journal of Northeast Forestry University,2006,34(6):87–89.
[14]杨智韬.聚合物叶片挤出机熔体正位移输送和混合特性研究[D].广州:华南理工大学,2009.Yang Zhitao.Study on the transfer and mixing characteristics of the melt of the polymer vane extruder[D].Guangzhou:South China University of Technology,2009.
[15]瞿金平.基于拉伸流变的高分子材料塑化输运方法及设备:中国,101219565A[P].2008-07-16.Qu Jinping.A plasticizing transfer method and equipment for polymer based on tensile rheology:CN,101219565A[P].2008-07-16.
[16]Qu Jinping,Liu Liming,Tan Bin,et al.Effect of dynamical converging channels on fiber organization and damage during vane extrusion of sisal fiber-reinforced polypropylene composites[J].Polym.Composites,2012,33(2):185–191.
[17]Wu Chengran,Jia Shikui,Chen Rongyuan,et al.Composites of sisal fiber/polypropylene based on novel vane extruder:Effect of interface and damage on mechanical properties[J].Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites,2013,32(24):1 907–1 915.
[18]Zhang Haichen,Huang Jintao,Yang Li,et al.Preparation,characterization and properties of PLA/Ti O2 nanocomposites based on a novel vane extruder[J].RSC Advances,2014,5(6):4 639–4 647.
[19]张士齐.塑料,橡胶的力化学反应[M].青岛:青岛出版社,1991.Shiqi Zhang.Mechanochemistry reaction of plastic and rubber[M].Qingdao:Qingdao Publishing House,1991.
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