大别山东麓河流变形研究与郯庐断裂带活动性分析
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摘要
基于数字高程模型(DEM),使用ARCGIS软件提取大别山东麓跨郯庐断裂带的河流及其纵剖面,并进行河流分级,结合遥感解译及野外调查研究不同级别河流跨断层的平面形态特征与纵剖面特征。研究发现:大别山东麓各级河流均无规律性变形,大多数河流纵剖面跨断层处不存在断层陡坎,河流T1级阶地跨断层连续分布无变形迹象,这些特征反映断层晚更新世以来可能不活动或活动微弱;调查了多个断裂露头,其中桐城挂车河基岩断层及太湖殷家上屋基岩断层中断层泥ESR年龄测试结果分别为(507±142)ka BP、(826±99)ka BP,综合大别山东麓河流变形特征、断层泥ESR年龄测试结果及前人研究资料,认为大别山东麓郯庐断裂带在中更新世存在活动,晚更新世以来可能不活动或活动微弱。
The response of river to tectonic movement is very sensitive.The study of river topography can reveal the tectonic movement well.Based on Digital Elevation Model(DEM),the ARCGIS software was used to extract the river and its profile across the Tan-Lu fault belt in the eastern foot of the Dabie Mountains and to classify the rivers.Combining remote sensing interpretation and field survey,we study the plane and longitudinal profiles of trans-fault rivers at different levels.It is found that there is no regular deformation direction at all levels of the eastern foot of the Dabie Mountains.Most of the vertical sections of the river do not exist fault horizons across the fault,and there is no deformation across the fault in the T1 class terraces.The above characteristics reflect that the fault may not be active or weak since the Late Pleistocene.A number of fault outcrops were investigated.The ESR ages of the fault mud in the Tongcheng Guache River bedrock fault and the Yinjia Shangwu bedrock fault in Taihu were(507±142)ka BP and(826±99)ka BP,respectively.Synthetically analysis of the deformation characteristics of the rivers in the foot of the Dabie Mountains and the ESR ages of the fault mud and the data from previous studies shows that the Tan-Lu fault zone at the eastern foot of the Dabie Mountains was active during the Middle Pleistocene and may be inactive or weak since the late Pleistocene.
The response of river to tectonic movement is very sensitive.The study of river topography can reveal the tectonic movement well.Based on Digital Elevation Model(DEM),the ARCGIS software was used to extract the river and its profile across the Tan-Lu fault belt in the eastern foot of the Dabie Mountains and to classify the rivers.Combining remote sensing interpretation and field survey,we study the plane and longitudinal profiles of trans-fault rivers at different levels.It is found that there is no regular deformation direction at all levels of the eastern foot of the Dabie Mountains.Most of the vertical sections of the river do not exist fault horizons across the fault,and there is no deformation across the fault in the T1 class terraces.The above characteristics reflect that the fault may not be active or weak since the Late Pleistocene.A number of fault outcrops were investigated.The ESR ages of the fault mud in the Tongcheng Guache River bedrock fault and the Yinjia Shangwu bedrock fault in Taihu were(507±142)ka BP and(826±99)ka BP,respectively.Synthetically analysis of the deformation characteristics of the rivers in the foot of the Dabie Mountains and the ESR ages of the fault mud and the data from previous studies shows that the Tan-Lu fault zone at the eastern foot of the Dabie Mountains was active during the Middle Pleistocene and may be inactive or weak since the late Pleistocene.
引文
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[19]李传友,张培震,袁道阳,等.西秦岭北缘断裂带黄香沟段晚第四纪水平位移特征及其微地貌响应[J].地震地质,2006,28(3):391-404.
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[21]张岳桥,李海龙.龙门山断裂带西南段晚第四纪活动性调查与分析[J].第四纪研究,2010,30(4):699-710.
[22]赵洪壮,李有利,杨景春.北天山流域河长坡降指标与Hack剖面的新构造意义[J].北京大学学报:自然科学版,2010,46(2):237-244.
[23]汤有标,沈子忠,林安培,等.郯庐断裂带安徽段的展布及其新构造活动[J].地震地质,1988,10(2):46-50.
[24]汤有标,姚大全.郯庐断裂带南段新活动性的初步研究[J].地震研究,1990,13(2):155-165.
[25]刘备,朱光,翟明见,等.郯庐断裂带安徽段活断层特征与成因[J].地质科学,2015,50(2):611-630.
[2]杨景春,郭正堂,曹家栋.用地貌学方法研究贺兰山山前断层全新世活动状况[J].地震地质,1985,7(4):23-31.
[3]杨景春,谭利华,李有利,等.祁连山北麓河流阶地与新构造演化[J].第四纪研究,1998(3):229-237.
[4]李有利,谭利华,段烽军,等.甘肃酒泉盆地河流地貌与新构造运动[J].干旱区地理,2000,23(4):304-309.
[5]史兴民,杨景春.河流地貌对构造活动的响应[J].水土保持研究,2003,10(3):48-51,108.
[6]张培震,李传友,毛凤英.河流阶地演化与走滑断裂滑动速率[J].地震地质,2008,30(1):44-57.
[7]付碧宏,时丕龙,贾营营.青藏高原大型走滑断裂带晚新生代构造地貌生长及水系响应[J].地质科学,2009,44(4):1343-1363.
[8] Wallace R E.Variations in slip rates,migration,and grouping of slip events on faults in the Great Basin province[J].Bulletin of Seismological Society of America,1987,77:868-876.
[9] Wang X,Liou J G,Mao H K.Coesite-bearing eclogite from the Dabie mountains in central China[J].Geology,1989,17(12):1085-1088.
[10]方仲景,丁梦林,计凤桔,等.郯城-庐江断裂带地震活动的地质分析[J].地震地质,1980,2(4):39-45.
[11]国家地震局地质研究所.郯庐断裂[M].北京:地震出版社,1987.
[12]姚大全,刘加灿,翟洪涛,等.郯庐断裂带白山-卅铺段第四纪以来的活动习性[J].地震地质,2004,24(6):622-629.
[13]徐贵忠,王艺芬,张稳胜.桐柏-大别山碰撞造山带的大地构造演化[J].西安地质学院学报,1993,15(1):35-44.
[14]宋明水,江来利,李学田,等.大别山造山带对合肥盆地的构造控制[J].石油实验地质,2002,24(3):209-215.
[15]朱光,王道轩,刘国生,等.郯庐断裂带的演化及其对西太平洋板块运动的响应[J].地质科学,2004,39(1):36-49.
[16]安徽省地质矿产局.安徽省区域地质志[M].北京:地质出版社,1987.
[17]朱光,王道轩,刘国生,等.郯庐断裂带的伸展活动及其动力学背景[J].地质科学,2001,36(3):269-278.
[18]唐从国,刘从强.基于DEM提取流域河网研究[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报,2006,25(S1):313-315.
[19]李传友,张培震,袁道阳,等.西秦岭北缘断裂带黄香沟段晚第四纪水平位移特征及其微地貌响应[J].地震地质,2006,28(3):391-404.
[20]周厚云,韩慕康,侯建军.东秦岭铁炉子断裂的新活动特征[J].地震地质,2001,23(3):390-398.
[21]张岳桥,李海龙.龙门山断裂带西南段晚第四纪活动性调查与分析[J].第四纪研究,2010,30(4):699-710.
[22]赵洪壮,李有利,杨景春.北天山流域河长坡降指标与Hack剖面的新构造意义[J].北京大学学报:自然科学版,2010,46(2):237-244.
[23]汤有标,沈子忠,林安培,等.郯庐断裂带安徽段的展布及其新构造活动[J].地震地质,1988,10(2):46-50.
[24]汤有标,姚大全.郯庐断裂带南段新活动性的初步研究[J].地震研究,1990,13(2):155-165.
[25]刘备,朱光,翟明见,等.郯庐断裂带安徽段活断层特征与成因[J].地质科学,2015,50(2):611-630.