莱州湾凹陷东缘走滑断裂带特征及沉积响应
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摘要
为了弄清莱州湾凹陷东缘走滑断裂带特征及其与沉积响应的关系,利用三维地震、钻井、测井等资料,通过统计断裂活动速率、派生断裂发育数量及延伸长度,定量分析了莱州湾凹陷东缘古近纪走滑活动特征,结合储层类型统计、砂体平面分布及古地貌特征,探讨了走滑断裂带对沉积的控制作用。研究表明,走滑活动在古近纪具有分期、分段活动特征。东三期走滑最强,沙一二期和沙三期次之。东三期不同位置断裂走滑活动具有差异性,从南到北走滑强度逐渐减弱,储层厚度逐渐减薄。分期走滑活动控制沉积体展布方向及规模大小,决定差异控砂模式。弱走滑期坡折控砂,富砂区相对固定,沉降中心及反向断槽等处砂体富集;强走滑期走滑活动使同期形成的沉降中心、沉积体随时间发生横向迁移,形成纵向多期发育、横向迁移叠覆的砂体分布样式,洼陷区沉降中心、斜坡区拉分沟槽为主富砂区发育位置。
In order to clarify the characteristics of strike-slip fault zone in the eastern margin of Laizhou Bay Sag and its relationship with sedimentary response,the characteristics of Paleogene strike-slip activities in the eastern margin of Laizhou Bay Sag were quantitatively analyzed by using three-dimensional seismic,drilling and logging data,together with statistical analysis of fault activity rate and the number and extension length of derived faults. The controlling effect of strike-slip fault zone on sedimentation was discussed according to the analysis results,the statistics and distribution of reservoir types,the plane distribution of sand bodies and palaeogeomorphological characteristics. The research results show that the strike slip activities are characterized by stages and subsections in Paleogene. The strongest strike-slip activities occurred in the third stage of Dongying Formation,followed by the first,second and third stages of Shahejie Formation. In the third stage of Dongying Formation,the strike-slip activities of faults at different locations are different,and the strikeslip activity intensity and the reservoir thickness decrease gradually from south to north. Phased strike-slip activities control the distribution direction and size of sedimentary bodies,and determine differential sandbody control pattern. During the weak strike-slip activity period,the slope break controls sandbody,the sandbody-rich area is relatively fixed,and the sand bodies are more enriched in the settlement centers and reverse fault troughs. During the strong strike-slip activity period,the strike-slip activities make the sedimentation centers and sediment bodies formed in the same period migrate transversely with time,forming the sandbody distribution pattern of longitudinal multiphase development,transverse migration overlapping,and the sandbody enrichment areas are mainly in the subsidence center of subsags and the pull-apart trough of slope areas.
In order to clarify the characteristics of strike-slip fault zone in the eastern margin of Laizhou Bay Sag and its relationship with sedimentary response,the characteristics of Paleogene strike-slip activities in the eastern margin of Laizhou Bay Sag were quantitatively analyzed by using three-dimensional seismic,drilling and logging data,together with statistical analysis of fault activity rate and the number and extension length of derived faults. The controlling effect of strike-slip fault zone on sedimentation was discussed according to the analysis results,the statistics and distribution of reservoir types,the plane distribution of sand bodies and palaeogeomorphological characteristics. The research results show that the strike slip activities are characterized by stages and subsections in Paleogene. The strongest strike-slip activities occurred in the third stage of Dongying Formation,followed by the first,second and third stages of Shahejie Formation. In the third stage of Dongying Formation,the strike-slip activities of faults at different locations are different,and the strikeslip activity intensity and the reservoir thickness decrease gradually from south to north. Phased strike-slip activities control the distribution direction and size of sedimentary bodies,and determine differential sandbody control pattern. During the weak strike-slip activity period,the slope break controls sandbody,the sandbody-rich area is relatively fixed,and the sand bodies are more enriched in the settlement centers and reverse fault troughs. During the strong strike-slip activity period,the strike-slip activities make the sedimentation centers and sediment bodies formed in the same period migrate transversely with time,forming the sandbody distribution pattern of longitudinal multiphase development,transverse migration overlapping,and the sandbody enrichment areas are mainly in the subsidence center of subsags and the pull-apart trough of slope areas.
引文
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[3] WALTON M A,GULICK S P,REECE R S,et al,Dynamic response to strike-slip tectonic control on the deposition and evolution of the Baran of fan,gulf of Alaska[J]. Geosphere,2014:10(4):680-691.
[4]范秋海,吕修祥,李伯华.走滑构造与油气成藏[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2008,30(6):76-80,209.FAN Qiuhai,LYU Xiuxiang,LI Bohua. Strike-slip fault and the hydrocarbon reservoir formation[J]. Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Science&Technology Edition),2008,30(6):76-80,209.
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[6] LIU Xiaofeng,ZHANG Cuimei. Nanpu Sag of the Bohai Bay Basin:a transtensional fault-termination basin[J].Journal of Earth Science,2011,22(6):755-767.
[7]徐长贵.渤海古近系坡折带成因类型及其对沉积体系的控制作用[J].中国海上油气,2006(6):365-371.XU Changgui. Genetic types of Paleogene slope-break zones and their controls on depositional system in Bohai offshore[J]. China Offshore Oil and Gas,2006(6):365-371.
[8]徐长贵.渤海走滑转换带及其对大中型油气田形成的控制作用[J].地球科学,2016,41(9):1548-1560.XU Changgui. Strike-slip transfer zone and its control on formation of medium and large-sized oilfields in Bohai Sea Area[J]. Earth Science,2016,41(9):1548-1560.
[9]蒋子文,王嗣敏,徐长贵,等.渤海海域辽东带中南部郯庐断裂走滑活动的沉积响应[J].现代地质,2013,27(5):1005-1012.JIANG Ziwen,WANG Simin,XU Changgui,et al. Sedimentary response to the strike-slip activities of Tan-lu fault in central and southern parts of east Liaodong Bay Area in Bohai Sea[J]. Geoscience,2013,27(5):1005-1012.
[10]邓运华.郯庐断裂带新构造运动对渤海东部油气聚集的控制作用[J].中国海上油气(地质),2001(5):2-6.DENG Yunhua. Control of the neotectonism along Tancheng-Lujiang fracture zone on hydrocarbon accumulation in the eastern Bohai sea[J]. China Offshore Oil and Gas(Geology),2001(5):2-6.
[11]龚再升,蔡东升,张功成.郯庐断裂对渤海海域东部油气成藏的控制作用[J].石油学报,2007,28(4):1-10.GONG Zaisheng,CAI Dongsheng,ZHANG Gongcheng.Dominating action of Tanlu Fault on hydrocarbon accumulation in eastern Bohai Sea area[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica,2007,28(4):1-10.
[12]万桂梅,周东红,汤良杰.渤海海域郯庐断裂带对油气成藏的控制作用[J].石油与天然气地质,2009,30(4):450-454,461.WANG Guimei,ZHOU Donghong,TANG Liangjie. Control of the Tan-Lu fault zone on hydrocarbon accumulation in the Bohai Sea waters[J]. Oil&Gas Geology,2009,30(4):450-454,461.
[13]黄雷.走滑作用对渤海凸起区油气聚集的控制作用:以沙垒田凸起为例[J].地学前缘,2015,22(3):68-76.HUANG Lei. The control of hydrocarbon accumulation by strike-slip motion within the Bohai Sea Rise:a case study form Shaleitian Uplift[J]. Earth Science Frontiers,2015,22(3):68-76.
[14]彭文绪,张志强,姜利群,等.渤海西部沙垒田凸起区走滑断层演化及其对油气的控制作用[J].石油学报,2012,33(2):204-212.PENG Wenxu,ZHANG Zhiqiang,JIANG Liqun,et al. Evolution of strike-slip faults in the Shaleitian bulge of the western Bohai offshore and their control on hydrocarbons[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica,2012,33(2):204-212.
[15]李才,周东红,吕丁友,等.郯庐断裂带渤东区段断裂特征及其对油气运移的控制作用[J].地质科技情报,2014,33(2):61-65.LI Cai,ZHOU Donghong,LYU Dingyou,et al. Fault characteristics and its control on hydrocarbon migration in Bodong segment of Tan-Lu Fault zone[J]. 2014,33(2):61-65.
[16]张晓庆,李伟,杨波,等.走滑与伸展叠合区构造特征及石油地质意义—以渤海南部BZ25-1/1S油田为例[J].东北石油大学报,2017,41(4):61-70,78.ZHANG Xiaoqing,LI Wei,YANG Bo,et al. Structural and reservoir forming characteristics in mechanical stress superimposition area of strike-slip and extension:an example from BZ25-1/1S Oilfield,Bohai Bay Basin[J]. Journal of Northeast Petroleum University,2017,41(4):61-70,78.
[17]朱秀香,吕修祥,王德英,等.渤海海域黄河口凹陷走滑转换带对油气聚集的控制[J].石油与天然气地质,2009,30(4):476-482.ZHU Xiuxiang,LYU Xiuxiang,WANG Deying,et al. Controlling effect of a strike-slip transform belt on hydrocarbon accumulations in the Huanghekou Sag,the Bohai Sea waters[J]. Oil&Gas Geology,2009,30(4):476-482.
[18]李慧勇,茆利,王粤川,等.渤海沙垒田凸起北部中央走滑带断裂对圈闭的控制[J].天然气勘探与开发,2014,37(2):1-4,14.LI Huiyong,MAO Li,WANG Yuechuan,et al. Trap under fractures in central strike-skip zone of northern shaleitian bulge,Bohai offshore[J]. Natural Gas Exploration and Development,2014,37(2):1-4,14.
[19]朱光,王道轩,刘国生,等.郯庐断裂带的演化及其对西太平洋板块运动的响应[J].地质科学,2004,39(1):36-49.ZHU Guang,WANG Daoxuan,LIU Guosheng,et al. Evolution of the Tan-Lu fault zone and its responses to plate movements in west pacific basin[J]. Chinese Journal of Geology,2004,39(1):36-49.
[20]吴时国,余朝华,邹东波,等.莱州湾地区郯庐断裂带的构造特征及其新生代演化[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2006,26(6):101-110.WU Shiguo,YU Zhaohua,ZOU Dongbo,et al. Structural features and Cenozoic evolution of the Tan-Lu fault zone in the Laizhou Bay,Bohai Sea[J]. Marine Geology&Quaternary Geology,2006,26(6):101-110.
[21]吴国强,吕修祥,周心怀,等.新生代郯庐断裂活动在莱州湾地区的响应[J].石油实验地质,2013,35(4):407-413.WU Guoqiang,LYU Xiuxiang,ZHOU Xinhuai,et al. Response of Cenozoic Tan-Lu fault activity in Laizhou Bay area,Bohai Sea[J]. Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2013,35(4):407-413.
[2] CROWELL J C. The Violin Breccia,Ridge Basin,Southern California[C]∥CROWELL J C,LINK M H. Geologic history of ridge basin,southern California. Field Guide Book,Pacific Section:SEPM,1982:89-98.
[3] WALTON M A,GULICK S P,REECE R S,et al,Dynamic response to strike-slip tectonic control on the deposition and evolution of the Baran of fan,gulf of Alaska[J]. Geosphere,2014:10(4):680-691.
[4]范秋海,吕修祥,李伯华.走滑构造与油气成藏[J].西南石油大学学报(自然科学版),2008,30(6):76-80,209.FAN Qiuhai,LYU Xiuxiang,LI Bohua. Strike-slip fault and the hydrocarbon reservoir formation[J]. Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Science&Technology Edition),2008,30(6):76-80,209.
[5]董月霞,汪泽成,郑红菊,等.走滑断裂作用对南堡凹陷油气成藏的控制[J].石油勘探与开发,2008,35(04):424-430.DONG Yuexia,WANG Zecheng,ZHENG Hongju,et al.Control of strike-slip faulting on reservoir formation of oil and gas in Nanpu sag[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development,2008,35(04):424-430.
[6] LIU Xiaofeng,ZHANG Cuimei. Nanpu Sag of the Bohai Bay Basin:a transtensional fault-termination basin[J].Journal of Earth Science,2011,22(6):755-767.
[7]徐长贵.渤海古近系坡折带成因类型及其对沉积体系的控制作用[J].中国海上油气,2006(6):365-371.XU Changgui. Genetic types of Paleogene slope-break zones and their controls on depositional system in Bohai offshore[J]. China Offshore Oil and Gas,2006(6):365-371.
[8]徐长贵.渤海走滑转换带及其对大中型油气田形成的控制作用[J].地球科学,2016,41(9):1548-1560.XU Changgui. Strike-slip transfer zone and its control on formation of medium and large-sized oilfields in Bohai Sea Area[J]. Earth Science,2016,41(9):1548-1560.
[9]蒋子文,王嗣敏,徐长贵,等.渤海海域辽东带中南部郯庐断裂走滑活动的沉积响应[J].现代地质,2013,27(5):1005-1012.JIANG Ziwen,WANG Simin,XU Changgui,et al. Sedimentary response to the strike-slip activities of Tan-lu fault in central and southern parts of east Liaodong Bay Area in Bohai Sea[J]. Geoscience,2013,27(5):1005-1012.
[10]邓运华.郯庐断裂带新构造运动对渤海东部油气聚集的控制作用[J].中国海上油气(地质),2001(5):2-6.DENG Yunhua. Control of the neotectonism along Tancheng-Lujiang fracture zone on hydrocarbon accumulation in the eastern Bohai sea[J]. China Offshore Oil and Gas(Geology),2001(5):2-6.
[11]龚再升,蔡东升,张功成.郯庐断裂对渤海海域东部油气成藏的控制作用[J].石油学报,2007,28(4):1-10.GONG Zaisheng,CAI Dongsheng,ZHANG Gongcheng.Dominating action of Tanlu Fault on hydrocarbon accumulation in eastern Bohai Sea area[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica,2007,28(4):1-10.
[12]万桂梅,周东红,汤良杰.渤海海域郯庐断裂带对油气成藏的控制作用[J].石油与天然气地质,2009,30(4):450-454,461.WANG Guimei,ZHOU Donghong,TANG Liangjie. Control of the Tan-Lu fault zone on hydrocarbon accumulation in the Bohai Sea waters[J]. Oil&Gas Geology,2009,30(4):450-454,461.
[13]黄雷.走滑作用对渤海凸起区油气聚集的控制作用:以沙垒田凸起为例[J].地学前缘,2015,22(3):68-76.HUANG Lei. The control of hydrocarbon accumulation by strike-slip motion within the Bohai Sea Rise:a case study form Shaleitian Uplift[J]. Earth Science Frontiers,2015,22(3):68-76.
[14]彭文绪,张志强,姜利群,等.渤海西部沙垒田凸起区走滑断层演化及其对油气的控制作用[J].石油学报,2012,33(2):204-212.PENG Wenxu,ZHANG Zhiqiang,JIANG Liqun,et al. Evolution of strike-slip faults in the Shaleitian bulge of the western Bohai offshore and their control on hydrocarbons[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica,2012,33(2):204-212.
[15]李才,周东红,吕丁友,等.郯庐断裂带渤东区段断裂特征及其对油气运移的控制作用[J].地质科技情报,2014,33(2):61-65.LI Cai,ZHOU Donghong,LYU Dingyou,et al. Fault characteristics and its control on hydrocarbon migration in Bodong segment of Tan-Lu Fault zone[J]. 2014,33(2):61-65.
[16]张晓庆,李伟,杨波,等.走滑与伸展叠合区构造特征及石油地质意义—以渤海南部BZ25-1/1S油田为例[J].东北石油大学报,2017,41(4):61-70,78.ZHANG Xiaoqing,LI Wei,YANG Bo,et al. Structural and reservoir forming characteristics in mechanical stress superimposition area of strike-slip and extension:an example from BZ25-1/1S Oilfield,Bohai Bay Basin[J]. Journal of Northeast Petroleum University,2017,41(4):61-70,78.
[17]朱秀香,吕修祥,王德英,等.渤海海域黄河口凹陷走滑转换带对油气聚集的控制[J].石油与天然气地质,2009,30(4):476-482.ZHU Xiuxiang,LYU Xiuxiang,WANG Deying,et al. Controlling effect of a strike-slip transform belt on hydrocarbon accumulations in the Huanghekou Sag,the Bohai Sea waters[J]. Oil&Gas Geology,2009,30(4):476-482.
[18]李慧勇,茆利,王粤川,等.渤海沙垒田凸起北部中央走滑带断裂对圈闭的控制[J].天然气勘探与开发,2014,37(2):1-4,14.LI Huiyong,MAO Li,WANG Yuechuan,et al. Trap under fractures in central strike-skip zone of northern shaleitian bulge,Bohai offshore[J]. Natural Gas Exploration and Development,2014,37(2):1-4,14.
[19]朱光,王道轩,刘国生,等.郯庐断裂带的演化及其对西太平洋板块运动的响应[J].地质科学,2004,39(1):36-49.ZHU Guang,WANG Daoxuan,LIU Guosheng,et al. Evolution of the Tan-Lu fault zone and its responses to plate movements in west pacific basin[J]. Chinese Journal of Geology,2004,39(1):36-49.
[20]吴时国,余朝华,邹东波,等.莱州湾地区郯庐断裂带的构造特征及其新生代演化[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2006,26(6):101-110.WU Shiguo,YU Zhaohua,ZOU Dongbo,et al. Structural features and Cenozoic evolution of the Tan-Lu fault zone in the Laizhou Bay,Bohai Sea[J]. Marine Geology&Quaternary Geology,2006,26(6):101-110.
[21]吴国强,吕修祥,周心怀,等.新生代郯庐断裂活动在莱州湾地区的响应[J].石油实验地质,2013,35(4):407-413.WU Guoqiang,LYU Xiuxiang,ZHOU Xinhuai,et al. Response of Cenozoic Tan-Lu fault activity in Laizhou Bay area,Bohai Sea[J]. Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2013,35(4):407-413.