四种重要实蝇类害虫对福建省造成的经济损失评估
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摘要
实蝇类害虫是世界性检疫害虫,对福建省农作物造成为害的主要包含橘小实蝇、南亚寡鬃实蝇、瓜实蝇、具条实蝇4种。这4种实蝇类害虫给福建省水果、蔬菜带来较为严重的经济损失,并且由于防治过程中农药的使用,造成生态环境问题。本研究选取实蝇类害虫为害较为严重的福建省主要水果和蔬菜作为研究对象,从直接经济损失、防治费用和间接经济损失3个层面建立评估模型,并对2016年4种实蝇类害虫造成的经济损失进行评估,旨在通过评估经济损失情况,为今后防治政策的制定提供思路。研究结果显示,这4种实蝇类害虫对福建省造成的经济损失约为313.48亿元,其中直接经济损失约为221.74亿元,防治费用约为84.24亿元,间接经济损失约为7.5亿元。最后,本研究提出了重视有害生物灾情评估、完善经济损失评价方法,开展农户专业培训、提升防控技术水平,加强环境规制力度、发展绿色生态农业等政策建议。
The Tephritidae pests are internationally recognized quarantine pests, and there are four damaging species in Fujian province, Bactrocera dorsalis, Zeugodacus tau, Z. cucurbitae and B. scutellata. These species have resulted in serious economic losses to the fruits and vegetables in Fujian Province. Moreover, the improper use of pesticides for prevention and control has also caused ecological and environmental concerns. The current study has established a damage evaluation model from direct economic loss, cost of the prevention and control, and indirect economic loss. The total economic loss due to the fruit fly pests in 2016 was estimated to be 31.35 billion Yuan, among which the direct economic loss was about 22.17 billion Yuan, the cost of prevention and control was about 8.42 billion Yuan, and the indirect economic loss was about 0.75 billion Yuan. Finally, some policy recommendations are put forward in this study, which are attaching importance to pest disaster assessment and improving economic loss assessment methods, carrying out professional training for farmers and improving the level of prevention and control technology, strengthening environmental regulation and developing green ecological agriculture.
The Tephritidae pests are internationally recognized quarantine pests, and there are four damaging species in Fujian province, Bactrocera dorsalis, Zeugodacus tau, Z. cucurbitae and B. scutellata. These species have resulted in serious economic losses to the fruits and vegetables in Fujian Province. Moreover, the improper use of pesticides for prevention and control has also caused ecological and environmental concerns. The current study has established a damage evaluation model from direct economic loss, cost of the prevention and control, and indirect economic loss. The total economic loss due to the fruit fly pests in 2016 was estimated to be 31.35 billion Yuan, among which the direct economic loss was about 22.17 billion Yuan, the cost of prevention and control was about 8.42 billion Yuan, and the indirect economic loss was about 0.75 billion Yuan. Finally, some policy recommendations are put forward in this study, which are attaching importance to pest disaster assessment and improving economic loss assessment methods, carrying out professional training for farmers and improving the level of prevention and control technology, strengthening environmental regulation and developing green ecological agriculture.
引文
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[15]阎伟,刘丽,李朝绪,等.入侵害虫椰子织蛾对海南椰子造成的经济损失评估[J].中国南方果树,2015,44(4):156-159.
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[17]周桢.中国外来入侵动物扩散风险评价、损失评估及其管理研究[D].南京:南京农业大学,2012,79-88.
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[19]方焱,李志红,秦萌,等.南亚果实蝇对我国南瓜产业的潜在经济损失评估[J].植物检疫,2015,29(3):28-33.
[20]韩美清,王路光,闫新兴,等.水环境污染经济损失及农业经济损失探讨[J].南水北调与水利科技,2009,7(1):76-78.
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[30]宁昭玉,胡树泉,魏远竹,等.福建外来物种入侵现状及对经济社会和生态的影响[J].华东昆虫学报,2007,16(4):304-309.
[31]徐海根,强胜,韩正敏,等.中国外来入侵物种的分布与传入路径分析[J].生物多样性,2004,12(6):626-638.
[32]Stein B A,Flack S R.Conservation priorities:the state of U.S.plants and animals[J].Environment Science&Policy for Sustainable Development,1997,39(4):6-39.
[33]Delgado R,Stefanic J.Quantifying threats to imperiled species in the United States assessing the relative importance of habitat destruction,alien species,pollution,overexploitation,and disease[J].Bioscience,1998,48(8):607-615.
[34]汪松,马敬能,解焱.保护中国的生物多样性[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,1996.
[35]李明阳,徐海根.生物入侵对物种及遗传资源影响的经济评估[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2005,29(2):98-102.
[36]中华人民共和国环境保护部.动物多样性[EB/OL].http://sts.mep.gov.cn/swdyx_1/swgyxxz/2.
[37]国家统计局.中华人民共和国2016年国民经济和社会发展统计公报[EB/OL].http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/zxfb/201702/t20170228_1467424.html
[2]孔令斌,林伟,李志红,等.基于CLIMEX和DIVA-GIS的瓜实蝇潜在地理分布预测[J].植物保护学报,2008,35(2):148-154.
[3]李小珍,刘映红,王泽乐.检疫性害虫南亚果实蝇生物学及控制技术[J].植物保护,2006,32(6):141-145.
[4]刘丽红,刘映红,周波,等.南亚实蝇在不同寄主上数量动态及危害研究[J].西南农业大学学报(自然科学版),2005,27(2):176-179.
[5]梁光红,陈家骅,杨建全,等.桔小实蝇国内研究概况[J].华东昆虫学报,2003,12(2):90-98.
[6]Stonehouse J M,Mumford J D,Mustafa G.Economic losses to tephritid fruit flies(Diptera:Tephritidae)in Pakistan[J].Crop Protection,1998,17(2):159-164.
[7]Pimentel D,Lach L,Zuniga R,et al.Environmental and economic costs of non-indigenous species in the United States[J].Bioscience,2000,50(l):59.
[8]Oliveira C M,Auad A M,Mendes S M,et al.Crop losses and the economic impact of insect pests on Brazilian agriculture[J].Crop Protection,2014,56(1):50-54.
[9]Ros G D,Conci S,Pantezzi T,et al.The economic impact of invasive pest Drosophila suzukii on berry production in the Province of Trento,Italy[J].Journal of Berry Research,2015,5(2):89-96.
[10]Farnsworth D,Hamby K,Bolda M,et al.Economic analysis of revenue losses and control costs associated with the spotted wing drosophila,Drosophila suzukii(Matsumura),in the California raspberry industry[J].Pest Management Science,2017,73(6):1083.
[11]Cook D C,Carrasco L R,Paini D R,et al.Estimating the social welfare effects of New Zealand apple imports[J].Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics,2011,55(4):599-620.
[12]Fuentes E G,Hernández-Suárez E,Simón O,et al.Chrysodeixis chalcites,a pest of banana crops on the Canary Islands:incidence,economic losses and current control measures[J].Crop Protection,2018,108(1):137-145.
[13]杨昌举,韩蔡峰.外来入侵物种造成经济损失的评估[J].环境保护,2005(7):29-33.
[14]赵铁珍,高岚,柯水发,等.美国白蛾入侵损失评估指标体系的构建[J].北京林业大学学报,2007,29(2):156-160.
[15]阎伟,刘丽,李朝绪,等.入侵害虫椰子织蛾对海南椰子造成的经济损失评估[J].中国南方果树,2015,44(4):156-159.
[16]宁昭玉.桔小实蝇对福建省危害的经济损失评估与风险评价[D].福建:福建农林大学,2008,19-32.
[17]周桢.中国外来入侵动物扩散风险评价、损失评估及其管理研究[D].南京:南京农业大学,2012,79-88.
[18]马兴莉,李志红,胡学难,等.橘小实蝇、瓜实蝇和南亚果实蝇对广东省造成的经济损失评估[J].植物检疫,2013,27(3):50-56.
[19]方焱,李志红,秦萌,等.南亚果实蝇对我国南瓜产业的潜在经济损失评估[J].植物检疫,2015,29(3):28-33.
[20]韩美清,王路光,闫新兴,等.水环境污染经济损失及农业经济损失探讨[J].南水北调与水利科技,2009,7(1):76-78.
[21]国家环保局.中国生物多样性国情研究报告[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,1998.
[22]福建省统计局,国家统计局福建调查总队.福建统计年鉴(2017)[M].北京:中国统计出版社,2017.
[23]福州市供销合作社.福州果品批发市场价格[EB/OL].http://www.fuzhou.gov.cn/fzgx/gxhz/fzgppfscjg/index_6.html.
[24]中国蔬菜网.福建省蔬菜批发市场价格行情[EB/OL].http://www.vegnet.com.cn/Price.
[25]国家统计局农村社会经济调查司.中国农村统计年鉴(2017)[M].北京:中国统计出版社,2017.
[26]福建省农业农村厅.2016年度福建省农业厅部门决算说明[EB/OL].http://nyt.fujian.gov.cn/xxgk/czzj/czyjs/201708/t20170830_2536450.htm.
[27]福建省统计局,国家统计局福建调查总队.2016年福建省国民经济和社会发展统计公报[N].福建日报,2017-02-24(005).
[28]国家统计局.中国环境统计年鉴(2017)[M].北京:中国统计出版社,2017.
[29]Reitz S R,Trumble J T.Competitive displacement among insects and arachnids[J].Annual Review Entomology,2002,47:435-465.
[30]宁昭玉,胡树泉,魏远竹,等.福建外来物种入侵现状及对经济社会和生态的影响[J].华东昆虫学报,2007,16(4):304-309.
[31]徐海根,强胜,韩正敏,等.中国外来入侵物种的分布与传入路径分析[J].生物多样性,2004,12(6):626-638.
[32]Stein B A,Flack S R.Conservation priorities:the state of U.S.plants and animals[J].Environment Science&Policy for Sustainable Development,1997,39(4):6-39.
[33]Delgado R,Stefanic J.Quantifying threats to imperiled species in the United States assessing the relative importance of habitat destruction,alien species,pollution,overexploitation,and disease[J].Bioscience,1998,48(8):607-615.
[34]汪松,马敬能,解焱.保护中国的生物多样性[M].北京:中国环境科学出版社,1996.
[35]李明阳,徐海根.生物入侵对物种及遗传资源影响的经济评估[J].南京林业大学学报(自然科学版),2005,29(2):98-102.
[36]中华人民共和国环境保护部.动物多样性[EB/OL].http://sts.mep.gov.cn/swdyx_1/swgyxxz/2.
[37]国家统计局.中华人民共和国2016年国民经济和社会发展统计公报[EB/OL].http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/zxfb/201702/t20170228_1467424.html