基于柔直电网的暂态量保护方案及配合策略研究
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摘要
柔直电网中直流线路故障的检测和隔离是一个亟待解决的问题。针对柔直电网的基本架构,在分析直流线路故障对直流线路保护的需求的基础上,引入了基于边界原理的暂态量保护,并进行了适用性分析。通过分析发生直流线路故障时快速跳开直流线路两端的直流断路器必要性,提出在提高测量采样频率和优化判据时间窗的基础上,根据故障反行波能量和前行波能量在功率送端站和受端站的不同特征,对暂态量保护判据进行优化,并给出了直流线路两端配置的保护方案。在此基础上,进一步研究了暂态量保护与直流断路器、直流母线保护相配合的故障清除策略。通过仿真验证了所提策略的可行性。
The detection and isolation of DC line faults is an urgent problem to be solved in flexible DC grid. In this paper, based on the basic structure of flexible DC grid, by analyzing the DC line fault protection requirements for DC line protection, a transient-based protection based on boundary principle is introduced, and applicability analysis is performed. It analyzes the necessity of quickly tripping the DC circuit breakers at both ends of the DC line when a DC line fault occurs. Then on the basis of improving the measurement sampling frequency and the optimization criterion time window and according to the different characteristics of the fault reverse wave energy and the forward wave energy at the power delivery converter station and the receiver station, it optimizes transient-based protection criterion and provides a protection scheme for the both ends of the DC line. On this basis, it further researches the fault clearing strategy of DC link transient-based protection cooperation with DC circuit breaker and DC bus protection. The feasibility of the proposed strategy is verified by simulation.
The detection and isolation of DC line faults is an urgent problem to be solved in flexible DC grid. In this paper, based on the basic structure of flexible DC grid, by analyzing the DC line fault protection requirements for DC line protection, a transient-based protection based on boundary principle is introduced, and applicability analysis is performed. It analyzes the necessity of quickly tripping the DC circuit breakers at both ends of the DC line when a DC line fault occurs. Then on the basis of improving the measurement sampling frequency and the optimization criterion time window and according to the different characteristics of the fault reverse wave energy and the forward wave energy at the power delivery converter station and the receiver station, it optimizes transient-based protection criterion and provides a protection scheme for the both ends of the DC line. On this basis, it further researches the fault clearing strategy of DC link transient-based protection cooperation with DC circuit breaker and DC bus protection. The feasibility of the proposed strategy is verified by simulation.
引文
[1]温家良,吴锐,彭畅,等.直流电网在中国的应用前景分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(13):7-12.WEN Jialiang,WU Rui,PENG Chang,et al.Analysis of DC grid prospects in China[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2012,32(13):7-12.
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[8]张保会,张嵩,尤敏,等.高压直流线路单端暂态量保护研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2010,38(15):18-23.ZHANG Baohui,ZHANG Song,YOU Min,et al.Research on transient-based protection for HVDClines[J].Power System Protection and Control,2010,38(15):18-23.
[9]宋国兵,冉孟兵,靳幸福,等.利用零模电流的VSC-HVDC输电线路单端量保护原理研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2014,42(15):1-7.SONG Guobing,RAN Mengbing,JIN Xingfu,et al.Anovel protection method for VSC-HVDC transmission line using single-end zero-mode current[J].Power System Protection and Control,2014,42(15):1-7.
[10]王姗姗,周孝信,汤广福,等.模块化多电平换流器HVDC直流双极短路子模块过电流分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(1):1-7.WANG Shanshan,ZHOU Xiaoxin,TANG Guangfu,et al.Analysis of submodule over current caused by DCpole-to-pole fault in modular multilevel converter HVDCsystem[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2011,31(1):1-7.
[11]刘思源,徐东旭,梅念,等.直流侧故障对模块化多电平换流器的影响研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(10):48-53.LIU Siyuan,XU Dongxu,MEI Nian,et al.Reserch on the effect of DC side fault on modular multilevel converter[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(10):48-53.
[12]孔飞,张保会,甄威,等.高压直流输电线路边界高频电压信号衰减特性分析[J].电力系统保护与控制,2013,41(16):85-89.KONG Fei,ZHANG Baohui,ZHEN Wei,et al.Analysis on high frequency voltage signal attenuation characteristic of HVDC transmission line boundary[J].Power System Protection and Control,2013,41(16):85-89.
[13]张保会,孔飞,张嵩,等.高压直流输电线路单端暂态量保护装置的技术开发[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(4):179-185.ZHANG Baohui,KONG Fei,ZHANG Song,et al.Research on transient-based protection for HVDC lines[J].Power System Protection and Control,2013,33(4):179-185.
[14]姚为正,行登江,吴金龙,等.柔直电网超高速保护方案研究[J].电网技术,2017,41(6):1710-1715.YAO Weizheng,XING Dengjiang,WU Jinlong,et al.Study on ultra-high-speed protection method of flexible HVDCgrid[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(6):1710-1715.
[15]刘高仁,许烽,徐政,等.适用于直流电网的组合式高压直流断路器[J].电网技术,2016,40(1):71-77.LIU Gaoren,XU Feng,XU Zheng,et al.An assembled HVDC breaker for HVDC grid[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(1):71-77.
[16]魏晓光,高冲,罗湘,等.柔性直流输电网用新型高压直流断路器设计方案[J].电力系统自动化,2013,37(15):95-102.WEI Xiaoguang,GAO Chong,LUO Xiang,et al.A novel design of high-voltage DC circuit breaker in HVDCflexible transmission grid[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2013,37(15):95-102.
[17]王江天,王兴国,马静,等.基于电容换流的限流式直流断路器[J].电力系统保护与控制,2018,46(24):180-185.WANG Jiangtian,WANG Xingguo,MA Jing,et al.Current limiting and capacitor commutated DC circuit breaker[J].Power System Protection and Control,2018,46(24):180-185.
[2]汤广福,罗湘,魏晓光.多端直流输电与直流电网技术[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(10):8-17.TANG Guangfu,LUO Xiang,WEI Xiaoguang.Multiterminal HVDC and DC-grid technology[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2013,33(10):8-17.
[3]CIGRE B4-52 Working Group.HVDC grid feasibility study[R].Melbourne:International Council on Large Electric Systems,2011.
[4]汤广福,贺之渊,庞辉.柔性直流输电技术在全球能源互联网中的应用探讨[J].智能电网,2016,4(2):116-123.TANG Guangfu,HE Zhiyuan,PANG Hui.Discussion on applying the VSC-HVDC technology in global energy interconnection[J].Smart Grid,2016,4(2):116-123.
[5]徐政,刘高任,张哲任.柔性直流输电网的故障保护原理研究[J].高电压技术,2017,43(1):1-8.XU Zheng,LIU Gaoren,ZHANG Zheren.Research on fault protection principle of DC grid[J].High Voltage Engineering,2017,43(1):1-8.
[6]李斌,何佳伟.多端柔性直流电网故障隔离技术研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(1):87-95.LI Bin,HE Jiawei.Research on the DC fault isolating technique in multi-terminal DC system[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(1):87-95.
[7]张兵,赵书强,甄永赞.柔性直流输电的改进行波保护仿真研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(16):116-123.ZHANG Bing,ZHAO Shuqiang,ZHEN Yongzan.Simulation study of an improved traveling wave protection for VSC-HVDC transmission system[J].Power System Protection and Control,2016,4(2):116-123.
[8]张保会,张嵩,尤敏,等.高压直流线路单端暂态量保护研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2010,38(15):18-23.ZHANG Baohui,ZHANG Song,YOU Min,et al.Research on transient-based protection for HVDClines[J].Power System Protection and Control,2010,38(15):18-23.
[9]宋国兵,冉孟兵,靳幸福,等.利用零模电流的VSC-HVDC输电线路单端量保护原理研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2014,42(15):1-7.SONG Guobing,RAN Mengbing,JIN Xingfu,et al.Anovel protection method for VSC-HVDC transmission line using single-end zero-mode current[J].Power System Protection and Control,2014,42(15):1-7.
[10]王姗姗,周孝信,汤广福,等.模块化多电平换流器HVDC直流双极短路子模块过电流分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(1):1-7.WANG Shanshan,ZHOU Xiaoxin,TANG Guangfu,et al.Analysis of submodule over current caused by DCpole-to-pole fault in modular multilevel converter HVDCsystem[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2011,31(1):1-7.
[11]刘思源,徐东旭,梅念,等.直流侧故障对模块化多电平换流器的影响研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(10):48-53.LIU Siyuan,XU Dongxu,MEI Nian,et al.Reserch on the effect of DC side fault on modular multilevel converter[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(10):48-53.
[12]孔飞,张保会,甄威,等.高压直流输电线路边界高频电压信号衰减特性分析[J].电力系统保护与控制,2013,41(16):85-89.KONG Fei,ZHANG Baohui,ZHEN Wei,et al.Analysis on high frequency voltage signal attenuation characteristic of HVDC transmission line boundary[J].Power System Protection and Control,2013,41(16):85-89.
[13]张保会,孔飞,张嵩,等.高压直流输电线路单端暂态量保护装置的技术开发[J].中国电机工程学报,2013,33(4):179-185.ZHANG Baohui,KONG Fei,ZHANG Song,et al.Research on transient-based protection for HVDC lines[J].Power System Protection and Control,2013,33(4):179-185.
[14]姚为正,行登江,吴金龙,等.柔直电网超高速保护方案研究[J].电网技术,2017,41(6):1710-1715.YAO Weizheng,XING Dengjiang,WU Jinlong,et al.Study on ultra-high-speed protection method of flexible HVDCgrid[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(6):1710-1715.
[15]刘高仁,许烽,徐政,等.适用于直流电网的组合式高压直流断路器[J].电网技术,2016,40(1):71-77.LIU Gaoren,XU Feng,XU Zheng,et al.An assembled HVDC breaker for HVDC grid[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(1):71-77.
[16]魏晓光,高冲,罗湘,等.柔性直流输电网用新型高压直流断路器设计方案[J].电力系统自动化,2013,37(15):95-102.WEI Xiaoguang,GAO Chong,LUO Xiang,et al.A novel design of high-voltage DC circuit breaker in HVDCflexible transmission grid[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2013,37(15):95-102.
[17]王江天,王兴国,马静,等.基于电容换流的限流式直流断路器[J].电力系统保护与控制,2018,46(24):180-185.WANG Jiangtian,WANG Xingguo,MA Jing,et al.Current limiting and capacitor commutated DC circuit breaker[J].Power System Protection and Control,2018,46(24):180-185.