不同来源托鲁巴姆种子的发芽特性研究
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摘要
野生茄子托鲁巴姆(Solanum torvum)是目前应用最广泛的茄子砧木品种。针对当前种子市场上托鲁巴姆供货渠道多、种子质量参差不齐等问题,以10份不同来源的托鲁巴姆种子为材料,研究GA_3浓度及GA_3浸种时间对种子发芽势、发芽率及发芽指数的影响。试验结果显示,在未经GA_3处理的条件下,不同来源的托鲁巴姆种子发芽势、发芽率存在显著差异,其中仅2份托鲁巴姆种子的发芽率达到90%以上。托鲁巴姆种子来源、GA_3浓度对种子发芽率、发芽指数存在极显著影响,GA_3浸种时间对种子发芽指数存在极显著影响。在种子发芽率方面,种子来源×GA_3浓度、GA_3浓度×GA_3浸种时间以及种子来源×GA_3浓度×GA_3浸种时间的互作效应达到显著或极显著水平;而在种子发芽指数方面,种子来源、GA_3浓度、GA_3浸种时间之间的一级互作、二级互作均达到极显著水平。表明不同来源的托鲁巴姆种子适宜采用不同的GA_3浓度和GA_3浸种时间,以达到最佳的种子发芽效果。试验结果还表明,在购买的10份托鲁巴姆种子中,有9份发芽率未达到种子包装袋标识的发芽率水平。
Wild eggplant Solanum torvum is very popular as an eggplant rootstock in graft seedling production. There are several issues of Solanum torvum in the current seed market, such as too many supply channels and uneven seed quality. In the present experiment, ten sources of Solanum torvum were used as materials to study the effect of GA_3 concentration and GA_3 soaking duration on seed germination potential, seed germination rate(GR) and seed germination index(GI). It was found that seed germination potential and seed germination rate were significantly different among these ten Solanum torvum seeds without GA_3 treatment, and there were only two sources of Solanum torvum seeds whose germination rate were more than 90%. The source of Solanum torvum and GA_3 concentration had significant effects on seed germination rate and seed germination index, and GA_3 soaking duration had significant effect on seed germination index. There were significant effects of interaction on seed germination rate in Solanum torvum seed source×GA_3 concentration, GA_3 concentration×GA_3 soaking duration, and Solanum torvum seed source×GA_3 concentration×GA_3 soaking duration. Moreover, there were significant interactive effects on GI in the source of Solanum torvum seed×GA_3 concentration, the source of Solanum torvum seed×GA_3 soaking duration, GA_3 concentration×GA_3 soaking duration, and Solanum torvum seed source×GA_3 concentration×GA_3 soaking duration. It suggested that each source of Solanum torvum demanded respective GA_3 concentration and GA_3 soaking duration to obtain the best germination performance. In addition, the germination rate of most Solanum torvum seed sources were lower than that mentioned on the seed packing bag.
Wild eggplant Solanum torvum is very popular as an eggplant rootstock in graft seedling production. There are several issues of Solanum torvum in the current seed market, such as too many supply channels and uneven seed quality. In the present experiment, ten sources of Solanum torvum were used as materials to study the effect of GA_3 concentration and GA_3 soaking duration on seed germination potential, seed germination rate(GR) and seed germination index(GI). It was found that seed germination potential and seed germination rate were significantly different among these ten Solanum torvum seeds without GA_3 treatment, and there were only two sources of Solanum torvum seeds whose germination rate were more than 90%. The source of Solanum torvum and GA_3 concentration had significant effects on seed germination rate and seed germination index, and GA_3 soaking duration had significant effect on seed germination index. There were significant effects of interaction on seed germination rate in Solanum torvum seed source×GA_3 concentration, GA_3 concentration×GA_3 soaking duration, and Solanum torvum seed source×GA_3 concentration×GA_3 soaking duration. Moreover, there were significant interactive effects on GI in the source of Solanum torvum seed×GA_3 concentration, the source of Solanum torvum seed×GA_3 soaking duration, GA_3 concentration×GA_3 soaking duration, and Solanum torvum seed source×GA_3 concentration×GA_3 soaking duration. It suggested that each source of Solanum torvum demanded respective GA_3 concentration and GA_3 soaking duration to obtain the best germination performance. In addition, the germination rate of most Solanum torvum seed sources were lower than that mentioned on the seed packing bag.
引文
[1] 冉进, 宋明, 房超, 等. 茄子(Solanum melongena L.)种质资源遗传多样性的RAPD分析[J]. 西南农业学报, 2007, 20(4): 694-697.RAN J, SONG M, FANG C, et al. Analysis of genetic diversity in eggplant (Solanum melongena L.)[J]. Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2007, 20(4): 694-697. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[2] 陈胜萍, 邢国明, 亢秀萍, 等. 嫁接栽培对茄子产量、品质和黄萎病抗性的影响[J]. 山西农业大学学报(自然科学版), 2009, 29(4): 335-339.CHEN S P, XING G M, KANG X P, et al. Effect of grafting cultivation on eggplant's yield, quality and resistance to Verticillium Wilt [J]. Journal of Shanxi Agricultural University (Natural Science Edition), 2009, 29(4): 335-339. (in Chinese with English abstract)
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[6] 周宝利, 姜荷, 赵鑫. 不同砧木嫁接茄子抗黄萎病特性及其与根系分泌物关系[J]. 沈阳农业大学学报, 2001, 32(6): 414-417.ZHOU B L, JIANG H, ZHAO X. Relation between characteristics of resistance to Verticillium Wilt of eggplant by graftage and root exudates of eggplant[J]. Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University, 2001, 32(6): 414-417. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[7] 王振跃, 曹丽华, 李洪连, 等. 不同砧木嫁接对茄子黄萎病防治效果的初步研究[J]. 河南农业大学学报, 2004, 38(4): 441-443.WANG Z Y, CAO L H, LI H L, et al. Studies on effect of grafting eggplant on different rootstocks on the control of eggplant verticillium wilt[J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural University, 2004, 38(4): 441-443. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[8] 岳宏忠, 李庭红, 郭兰香, 等. 茄子砧木托鲁巴姆发芽试验研究[J]. 甘肃农业科技, 2002(8): 31-32.YUE H Z, LI T H, GUO L X, et al. Studies on germination of eggplant rootstock Solanum torvum[J].Gansu Agricultural Science and Technology, 2002(8): 31-32. (in Chinese)
[9] 栾舒雅, 王丽, 佟凤琴. 植物生长调节剂促进野生茄种子发芽的研究[J]. 辽宁大学学报(自然科学版), 2007, 34(2): 181-183.LUAN S Y, WANG L, TONG F Q. Research on the promotion of the plant grows regulators to wild eggplant seeds budding[J]. Journal of Liaoning University (Natural Sciences Edition), 2007, 34(2): 181-183. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[10] 潜宗伟, 吴震, 陈海丽, 等. 不同引发处理对野生茄子砧木托鲁巴姆萌发的影响[J]. 种子, 2009, 28(6): 12-17. QIAN Z W, WU Z, CHEN H L, et al. Effects of different priming treatmentson germination of wild eggplant rootstock Solanum torvum seeds[J]. Seed, 2009, 28(6): 12-17. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[11] 汪端华, 杨建国. 茄子砧木种子简易催芽技术的研究[J]. 吉林蔬菜, 2010(4): 28-29.WANG D H, YANG J G. Studies on vernalization technique of eggplant rootstock seeds[J]. Jilin Vegetables,2010(4): 28-29. (in Chinese)
[12] 傅鸿妃, 彭智群. 赤霉素浸种和催芽对茄子托鲁巴姆种子发芽的影响[J]. 浙江农业科学, 2011(1): 40-41.FU H F, PENG Z Q. Effect of GA3 on seed germination of Solanum torvum[J]. Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences, 2011(1): 40-41. (in Chinese)
[13] 蔡鹏, 蒋馨, 李跃建, 等. 不同理化处理对托鲁巴姆种子萌发的影响[J]. 西南农业学报, 2015, 28(2): 728-732. CAI P, JIANG X, LI Y J. Effect of different physical and chemical methods on seed germination of Solanum torvum Swartz[J]. Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2015, 28(2): 728-732. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[14] 林桂荣, 周宝利. 茄砧托鲁巴姆(Solanum torvum)种子休眠与萌发习性研究[J]. 种子, 2005, 24(5): 36-38.LIN G R, ZHOU B L. Study on dormancy and germination character of Solanum torvum[J]. Seed, 2005, 24(5): 36-38. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[15] 刘风华, 李蕾, 云兴福. 化学物质对野生茄子托鲁巴姆种子萌发的影响[J]. 内蒙古农业科技, 2011(2): 43-47. LIU F H, LI L, YUN X F. Effect of chemical substances on seed germination of wild eggplant Tolubamu[J]. Inner Mongolia Agricultural Science and Technology, 2011(2): 43-47. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[2] 陈胜萍, 邢国明, 亢秀萍, 等. 嫁接栽培对茄子产量、品质和黄萎病抗性的影响[J]. 山西农业大学学报(自然科学版), 2009, 29(4): 335-339.CHEN S P, XING G M, KANG X P, et al. Effect of grafting cultivation on eggplant's yield, quality and resistance to Verticillium Wilt [J]. Journal of Shanxi Agricultural University (Natural Science Edition), 2009, 29(4): 335-339. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[3] 李楠洋, 陈钰辉, 刘富中, 等. 托鲁巴姆(Solanum torvum)在茄子嫁接栽培上的应用研究[J]. 中国蔬菜, 2013(10): 1-8.LI N Y, CHEN Y H, LIU F Z, et al. Studies on applying Solanum torvum Sw. in eggplant graft[J]. China Vegetables, 2013(10): 1-8. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[4] 蔡鹏, 李跃建, 刘独臣, 等. 砧木托鲁巴姆嫁接对夏秋茄子生长特性、产量与品质的影响[J]. 西南农业学报, 2015, 28(3): 1201-1204.CAI P, LI Y J, LIU D C, et al. Effect of rootstock Solanum torvum on growth performance, yield and quality of eggplant in summer and autumn[J]. Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2015, 28(3): 1201-1204. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[5] 冯东昕, 李宝栋, 马宾生, 等. 嫁接对茄子黄萎病的抗性及某些生物学性状的影响[J]. 中国蔬菜, 2000(4): 13-15. FENG D X, LI B D, MA B S, et al. Effects of grafting on the resistance to Verticillium Wilt and on the biological characteristics of eggplant[J]. China Vegetables, 2000(4): 13-15. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[6] 周宝利, 姜荷, 赵鑫. 不同砧木嫁接茄子抗黄萎病特性及其与根系分泌物关系[J]. 沈阳农业大学学报, 2001, 32(6): 414-417.ZHOU B L, JIANG H, ZHAO X. Relation between characteristics of resistance to Verticillium Wilt of eggplant by graftage and root exudates of eggplant[J]. Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University, 2001, 32(6): 414-417. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[7] 王振跃, 曹丽华, 李洪连, 等. 不同砧木嫁接对茄子黄萎病防治效果的初步研究[J]. 河南农业大学学报, 2004, 38(4): 441-443.WANG Z Y, CAO L H, LI H L, et al. Studies on effect of grafting eggplant on different rootstocks on the control of eggplant verticillium wilt[J]. Journal of Henan Agricultural University, 2004, 38(4): 441-443. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[8] 岳宏忠, 李庭红, 郭兰香, 等. 茄子砧木托鲁巴姆发芽试验研究[J]. 甘肃农业科技, 2002(8): 31-32.YUE H Z, LI T H, GUO L X, et al. Studies on germination of eggplant rootstock Solanum torvum[J].Gansu Agricultural Science and Technology, 2002(8): 31-32. (in Chinese)
[9] 栾舒雅, 王丽, 佟凤琴. 植物生长调节剂促进野生茄种子发芽的研究[J]. 辽宁大学学报(自然科学版), 2007, 34(2): 181-183.LUAN S Y, WANG L, TONG F Q. Research on the promotion of the plant grows regulators to wild eggplant seeds budding[J]. Journal of Liaoning University (Natural Sciences Edition), 2007, 34(2): 181-183. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[10] 潜宗伟, 吴震, 陈海丽, 等. 不同引发处理对野生茄子砧木托鲁巴姆萌发的影响[J]. 种子, 2009, 28(6): 12-17. QIAN Z W, WU Z, CHEN H L, et al. Effects of different priming treatmentson germination of wild eggplant rootstock Solanum torvum seeds[J]. Seed, 2009, 28(6): 12-17. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[11] 汪端华, 杨建国. 茄子砧木种子简易催芽技术的研究[J]. 吉林蔬菜, 2010(4): 28-29.WANG D H, YANG J G. Studies on vernalization technique of eggplant rootstock seeds[J]. Jilin Vegetables,2010(4): 28-29. (in Chinese)
[12] 傅鸿妃, 彭智群. 赤霉素浸种和催芽对茄子托鲁巴姆种子发芽的影响[J]. 浙江农业科学, 2011(1): 40-41.FU H F, PENG Z Q. Effect of GA3 on seed germination of Solanum torvum[J]. Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences, 2011(1): 40-41. (in Chinese)
[13] 蔡鹏, 蒋馨, 李跃建, 等. 不同理化处理对托鲁巴姆种子萌发的影响[J]. 西南农业学报, 2015, 28(2): 728-732. CAI P, JIANG X, LI Y J. Effect of different physical and chemical methods on seed germination of Solanum torvum Swartz[J]. Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2015, 28(2): 728-732. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[14] 林桂荣, 周宝利. 茄砧托鲁巴姆(Solanum torvum)种子休眠与萌发习性研究[J]. 种子, 2005, 24(5): 36-38.LIN G R, ZHOU B L. Study on dormancy and germination character of Solanum torvum[J]. Seed, 2005, 24(5): 36-38. (in Chinese with English abstract)
[15] 刘风华, 李蕾, 云兴福. 化学物质对野生茄子托鲁巴姆种子萌发的影响[J]. 内蒙古农业科技, 2011(2): 43-47. LIU F H, LI L, YUN X F. Effect of chemical substances on seed germination of wild eggplant Tolubamu[J]. Inner Mongolia Agricultural Science and Technology, 2011(2): 43-47. (in Chinese with English abstract)