岭南乡村“海绵”措施的宏观归纳分析
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摘要
以广东省历史文化名村名镇及传统村落为着眼点,分析并归纳岭南乡村传统海绵措施的类型及特征。首先提取各个村落与海绵措施相关的五大特征信息:基于Google Earth航拍图,记录各个村落的聚落形态和水系分布;基于广东省30 m精度的DEM,在Arc GIS中提取广东省的地形与河网、各个村落的高程并进行淹没分析;基于地区降雨水平,判断村落所在区位的降雨强度。然后,对特征信息赋予特征编码,将5个特征编码输入SPSS进行聚类分析,对174个村子进行分层分类,归纳每一类的特点和防洪优势,总结得到岭南乡村常见的借势、缓蓄、利导、强排4种海绵措施。根据研究结果,对未来岭南地区的防洪建设和设计提出建议。
Focusing on historic, cultural and old villages in Guangdong Province, the authors extract and synthesize features and information on sponge measures applied by local villages. Based on aerial map on Google Earth, the pattern of the settlement and water system are observed and categorized. Based on 30 m DEM picture of Guangdong Province in Arc GIS, landscape and the graded water system of the whole province and the elevations of all villages are extracted, followed by inundation analysis. The level of the rain intensity in different parts of the province is also considered. 5 features are coded and input into SPSS. By hierarchical cluster analysis, the villages are classified. The study generalizes the sponge measures of all classifications and concludes with 4 kinds of sponge measures in villages in Lingnan area: terrain utilization, slowed runoff through impoundment, strategically directed runoff, and forced drainage. Suggestions are proposed to promote the application of traditional ecophronesis in modern urban practices in Linghan area.
Focusing on historic, cultural and old villages in Guangdong Province, the authors extract and synthesize features and information on sponge measures applied by local villages. Based on aerial map on Google Earth, the pattern of the settlement and water system are observed and categorized. Based on 30 m DEM picture of Guangdong Province in Arc GIS, landscape and the graded water system of the whole province and the elevations of all villages are extracted, followed by inundation analysis. The level of the rain intensity in different parts of the province is also considered. 5 features are coded and input into SPSS. By hierarchical cluster analysis, the villages are classified. The study generalizes the sponge measures of all classifications and concludes with 4 kinds of sponge measures in villages in Lingnan area: terrain utilization, slowed runoff through impoundment, strategically directed runoff, and forced drainage. Suggestions are proposed to promote the application of traditional ecophronesis in modern urban practices in Linghan area.
引文
[1]卓晓岚.潮汕地区乡村聚落形态现代演变研究[D].广州:华南理工大学,2015
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[12]郭华瞻,白成军.黄土地区传统村落的固有雨洪管理方法研究——以山西省泽州县西黄石村为例.华中建筑,2016(4):103–107
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(1)中国传统村落网.http://www.chuantongcunluo.com/index.php/Home/Gjml/gjml/id/24.html
(2)国家文物局.历史文化名镇名村名录.http://www.sach.gov.cn/art/2014/5/20/art_1660_50363.html
[2]吴良镛.系统的分析统筹的战略——人居环境科学与新发展观.城市规划,2005(2):15–17
[3]梁林.基于可持续发展观的雷州半岛乡村传统聚落人居环境研究[D].广州:华南理工大学,2015
[4]任艳妍.岭南乡村聚落景观空间形态研究[D].长沙:中南林业科技大学,2012
[5]张巧艺.城市建设中海绵措施常见问题分析.黑龙江科技信息,2016(31):262
[6]张书函,殷瑞雪,潘姣,等.典型海绵城市建设措施的径流减控效果.建设科技,2017(1):20–23
[7]郑博一,谢玉霞,刘洪波,等.基于模糊层次分析法的海绵城市措施研究.环境科学与管理,2016,41(5):183–186
[8]任毅,王贤平,汪祥静,等.兴义市海绵城市规划措施探讨.人民珠江,2016,37(2):22–25
[9]吴庆洲.中国古城防洪研究.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2009
[10]周彝馨,吕唐军.聚落形态演变与防洪功能变化的关系——以广东高要地区为例.地理研究,2014,33(3):439–450
[11]杨东辉.基于防洪排涝的珠三角传统村落水系空间形态研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2015
[12]郭华瞻,白成军.黄土地区传统村落的固有雨洪管理方法研究——以山西省泽州县西黄石村为例.华中建筑,2016(4):103–107
[13]李婷君.徽州村镇水系营造与防洪设计研究[D].合肥:合肥工业大学,2012
[14]张明珠,曾娇娇,黄国如,等.广州市近年短历时暴雨演变特征分析.人民珠江,2015,36(1):28–31
[15]黄奇章.广东降水气候特征及其成因分析.热带地理,1990,10(2):113–124
(1)中国传统村落网.http://www.chuantongcunluo.com/index.php/Home/Gjml/gjml/id/24.html
(2)国家文物局.历史文化名镇名村名录.http://www.sach.gov.cn/art/2014/5/20/art_1660_50363.html