废催化剂回收钯工艺概况
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摘要
钯二次资源的回收利用对于解决钯资源短缺以及环境问题具有重大意义,综述了火法和湿法回收废催化剂中钯的方法。湿法分为钯的溶解和精炼2个工序,溶解包括预富集和浸出。随着对环保的愈加重视,对于用盐酸-双氧水、盐酸-氯酸钠浸出体系代替王水作为浸出液的研究越来越多,工艺也越来越成熟;钯的分离、精炼重点介绍了溶剂萃取法、沉淀法、金属置换法,离子交换法和吸附法,并对废催化剂中钯的回收工艺进行了展望。
The use of secondary resources of palladium is of great significance in solving the shortage of palladium resources and environmental problems. The pyrometallurgical and hydrometallurgical method of recovering palladium from spent catalysts was reviewed. The hydrometallurgical method is divided into dissolution of palladium and refining process. With the increasing emphasis on environmental protection, more and more studies are being focused on replacing aqua regia with hydrochloric acid-hydrogen peroxide or hydrochloric acid-sodium chlorate as the leaching solution. As for the refining process, some techniques, such as the solvent extraction, precipitation, metal substitution, ion exchange and adsorption, have been developed. The future developments are taking shape.
The use of secondary resources of palladium is of great significance in solving the shortage of palladium resources and environmental problems. The pyrometallurgical and hydrometallurgical method of recovering palladium from spent catalysts was reviewed. The hydrometallurgical method is divided into dissolution of palladium and refining process. With the increasing emphasis on environmental protection, more and more studies are being focused on replacing aqua regia with hydrochloric acid-hydrogen peroxide or hydrochloric acid-sodium chlorate as the leaching solution. As for the refining process, some techniques, such as the solvent extraction, precipitation, metal substitution, ion exchange and adsorption, have been developed. The future developments are taking shape.
引文
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