超声波作用下钢铁常温磷化影响因素研究
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摘要
本文在超声波作用下,对钢铁表面进行常温磷化处理,以提高钢铁表面耐蚀性能。研究以磷化膜外观及耐蚀性为考察指标,通过单因素实验,首先考察了常温磷化液中氧化锌、磷酸、硫酸羟胺(HAS)、硝酸锰、柠檬酸等组分对超声磷化的影响,其次考察了磷化方式对磷化膜性能的影响,最后测试了磷化液使用寿命。结果表明,磷化液组成为氧化锌15 g/L、磷酸80 g/L、硫酸羟胺12 g/L、硝酸锰4 g/L、柠檬酸2 g/L时,超声磷化膜外观及耐蚀性最好,此时磷化膜为灰黑色,膜层连续、均匀、致密,耐蚀时间可达217 s;磷化方式中常温超声磷化比常温静止磷化效果更佳,前者外观及耐蚀性比后者优越;磷化液寿命测试发现,当磷化次数超过9次时,制备的磷化膜耐蚀时间开始低于60 s,此时磷化液已经失效,累计磷化面积为0.3 m~2/L。
In this paper,in order to improve the corrosion resistance of steel surface,phosphating treatment at room temperature was carried out under the action of ultrasound. Appearance and corrosion resistance of phosphating film were taken as evaluation indexes. Firstly,the effects of zinc oxide,phosphoric acid,hydroxylamine sulfate(HAS),manganese nitrate and citric acid on the performance of phosphating film were investigated using single factor experiments. Then,the effect of phosphating methods on the performance of phosphating film was studied. Finally,the service life of phosphating solution was tested. The results show that when the phosphating solution is composed of 15 g/L zinc oxide,80 g/L phosphoric acid,12 g/L hydroxylamine sulfate,4 g/L manganese nitrate and 2 g/L citric acid,the appearance and corrosion resistance of the phosphating film is the best. Phosphating film prepared under this condition is grey black,continuous,uniform and compact,the corrosion resistance time can reach217 s. The effect of ultrasonic phosphating at room temperature is better than that of static phosphating at room temperature and the former is superior to the latter in appearance and corrosion resistance. According to the life test of phosphating solution,when the number of times of phosphating exceeds 9,the corrosion resistance time of the prepared phosphating film begins to be less than 60 s,at which time the phosphating solution has failed and the accumulated phosphating area is 0.3 m~2/L.
In this paper,in order to improve the corrosion resistance of steel surface,phosphating treatment at room temperature was carried out under the action of ultrasound. Appearance and corrosion resistance of phosphating film were taken as evaluation indexes. Firstly,the effects of zinc oxide,phosphoric acid,hydroxylamine sulfate(HAS),manganese nitrate and citric acid on the performance of phosphating film were investigated using single factor experiments. Then,the effect of phosphating methods on the performance of phosphating film was studied. Finally,the service life of phosphating solution was tested. The results show that when the phosphating solution is composed of 15 g/L zinc oxide,80 g/L phosphoric acid,12 g/L hydroxylamine sulfate,4 g/L manganese nitrate and 2 g/L citric acid,the appearance and corrosion resistance of the phosphating film is the best. Phosphating film prepared under this condition is grey black,continuous,uniform and compact,the corrosion resistance time can reach217 s. The effect of ultrasonic phosphating at room temperature is better than that of static phosphating at room temperature and the former is superior to the latter in appearance and corrosion resistance. According to the life test of phosphating solution,when the number of times of phosphating exceeds 9,the corrosion resistance time of the prepared phosphating film begins to be less than 60 s,at which time the phosphating solution has failed and the accumulated phosphating area is 0.3 m~2/L.
引文
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[6]郭颖浩,张艳桥,曲丰作,等.低污染中温锌系磷化的研究[J].大连工业大学学报,2011,31(1):54-57.
[7]钟雪丽,吉鹏涛.一种常温磷化工艺改进[J].材料保护,2013,46(3):27-31.
[8]焦学超.钢铁磷化及羟胺对磷化反应催化机理的研究[D].保定:河北大学,2014.
[9]方峰,蒋建清,马驰.硫酸羟胺对低温磷化过程的影响[J].东南大学学报,2007,37(3):470-475.
[10]冯涛,张玉,何华.低温锌-锰系磷化工艺[J].电镀与涂饰,2006,25(9):23-24
[11]里新,郝建军,李淑梅.锰系黑色磷化膜的制备及性能研究[J].电镀与环保,2015,35(2):24-26.
[12]叶菁.柠檬酸对磷化膜晶体结构与组织的影响[J].科学技术与工程,2009,9(24):7345-7349.
[2]吴鹏.超声波对磷化成膜的促进使用[J].表面技术,1993,22(2):83-85.
[3]韩恩山,王焕志,张新光,等.常温钢铁磷化处理的研究[J].腐蚀科学与防护技术,2006,18(5):341-344.
[4]黄亚军.钢铁常温彩色磷化工艺与成膜机理研究[D].北京:北京化工大学,2010.
[5] GB11376-89,金属的磷酸盐转化膜[S].
[6]郭颖浩,张艳桥,曲丰作,等.低污染中温锌系磷化的研究[J].大连工业大学学报,2011,31(1):54-57.
[7]钟雪丽,吉鹏涛.一种常温磷化工艺改进[J].材料保护,2013,46(3):27-31.
[8]焦学超.钢铁磷化及羟胺对磷化反应催化机理的研究[D].保定:河北大学,2014.
[9]方峰,蒋建清,马驰.硫酸羟胺对低温磷化过程的影响[J].东南大学学报,2007,37(3):470-475.
[10]冯涛,张玉,何华.低温锌-锰系磷化工艺[J].电镀与涂饰,2006,25(9):23-24
[11]里新,郝建军,李淑梅.锰系黑色磷化膜的制备及性能研究[J].电镀与环保,2015,35(2):24-26.
[12]叶菁.柠檬酸对磷化膜晶体结构与组织的影响[J].科学技术与工程,2009,9(24):7345-7349.