汽车轮辋用钢搅拌摩擦焊接头组织及力学性能
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摘要
目的为搅拌摩擦焊在轮辋钢的应用提供理论数据。方法选用厚度为4.5mm的江铃汽车V362轮辋钢板B380CL,采用不同的焊接参数,获得搅拌摩擦焊接头,对焊缝宏观成形及微观组织进行分析,研究焊接参数对组织的影响;通过进行拉伸试验和硬度测试,分析焊接参数对焊接接头性能的影响;对接头焊缝进行X-Ray无损探伤。结果当搅拌头旋转速度为950 r/min,焊接速度分别为37.5, 47.5, 60 mm/min时,均能形成焊接接头。焊接速度为47.5 mm/min时,焊缝宏观成形较好,微观组织无缺陷,微观组织为铁素体和珠光体,抗拉强度最高,超过母材;焊接接头各区域微观组织硬度较母材高,伸长率较焊接速度为37.5mm/min时的接头高。结论搅拌摩擦焊实现轮辋钢的对接,该研究中旋转速度950r/min,焊接速度47.5 mm/min为最佳工艺参数,接头抗拉强度超过母材。
The paper aims to provide theoretical basis for application of friction stir welding in wheel steel. Wheel steel plate B380 CL with a thickness of 4.5 mm of Jiangling Motors was used to obtainfriction stir welding joint with different welding parameters to analyze macroscopic forming and macro-structure of the joint and research influences of welding parameters on microstructures; tensile test and hardness test were carried out to analyze influences of welding parameters on performance of joint. In addition, it was assured to test the defect of the joint by the X-Ray. The result showed that at rotation speed of 900 r/min, travel speed of v_1=37 mm/min, v_2=47.5 mm/min, v_3=60 mm/min, the welded joint could be formed. At travel speed of v_2=47.5 mm/min, the macroscopic formation was better than others, with the Ferrite and the Pearlite forming and no defect and the highest of the tensile strength, which exceeded the base metal; and hardness of the weld-associated zone and the elongation of the joint were higher than the joint at travel speed of v_1=37.5 mm/min. Friction stir welding could realize the butt-welded of wheel steel. In this study, the tensile strength of the joint exceed the base metal withthe best parameters: rotation speed of 950 r/min andwelding speed of 47.5 mm/min.
The paper aims to provide theoretical basis for application of friction stir welding in wheel steel. Wheel steel plate B380 CL with a thickness of 4.5 mm of Jiangling Motors was used to obtainfriction stir welding joint with different welding parameters to analyze macroscopic forming and macro-structure of the joint and research influences of welding parameters on microstructures; tensile test and hardness test were carried out to analyze influences of welding parameters on performance of joint. In addition, it was assured to test the defect of the joint by the X-Ray. The result showed that at rotation speed of 900 r/min, travel speed of v_1=37 mm/min, v_2=47.5 mm/min, v_3=60 mm/min, the welded joint could be formed. At travel speed of v_2=47.5 mm/min, the macroscopic formation was better than others, with the Ferrite and the Pearlite forming and no defect and the highest of the tensile strength, which exceeded the base metal; and hardness of the weld-associated zone and the elongation of the joint were higher than the joint at travel speed of v_1=37.5 mm/min. Friction stir welding could realize the butt-welded of wheel steel. In this study, the tensile strength of the joint exceed the base metal withthe best parameters: rotation speed of 950 r/min andwelding speed of 47.5 mm/min.
引文
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[2]LI M,SONG Z.Analysis on Weld Cracking of 380cl Steel Wheel Rim[J].Wide&Heavy Plate,2013(4):28-30.
[3]HUANG D,ZUO Z,YOULAI L I.Microstructure,Properties and Failure Mechanism of Flash-Butt-Welded Joint in 380 MPa Wheel Steel[J].Hot Working Technology,2015(3):183-186.
[4]刘克文,于大明.汽车钢圈闪光对焊接头的组织性能研究[J].现代焊接,2013(11):23-26.LIU Ke-wen,YU Da-ming.Study on Microstructure and Properties of Automobile Wheel Rim Flash Butt Welding Joint[J].Modern Welding Technology,2013(11):23-26.
[5]XU Z,LU P,SHU Y.Micro-structure and Fracture Mechanism of a Flash Butt Welded 380CL Steel[J].Engineering Failure Analysis,2016,62:199-207.
[6]徐登波,韩波,冯凌超,等.轮胎钢圈开裂失效分析[J].理化检验(物理分册),2011(12):802-805.XU Deng-bo,HAN Bo,FENG Ling-chao,et al.Failure Analysis on Cracking Tyre Rims[J].Physical Testing and Chemical Analysis Part A:Physical Testing,2011(12):802-805.
[7]KARAMI S,JAFARIAN H,EIVANI A R,et al.Engineering Tensile Properties by Controlling Welding Parameters and Micro-Structure in a Mild Steel Processed by Friction Stir Welding[J].Materials Science&Engineering A,2016,670:68-74.
[8]PENG X,ZHANG X,LIHUI W U,et al.Research Progress on Friction Stir Welding and Processing[J].Acta Metallurgica Sinica,2016(10):1222-1238.
[9]MAGALH?ES V M,LEIT?O C,RODRIGUES D M.Friction Stir Welding Industrialisation and Research Status[J].Science&Technology of Welding&Joining,2017(1):1-10.
[10]FU M X,WEN L X,YU W,et al.Micro-structure and Properties of Carbon and High-speed Steel in Friction and Flash Welded Joint[J].Journal of Materials Engineering,2006(12):29-31.
[11]FUJII H,CUI L,TSUJI N,et al.Friction Stir Welding of Carbon Steels[J].Materials Science&Engineering A,2006,429(1/2):50-57.
[12]CAIXIA L I.Research Status and Trends of Friction Stir Welding Technique[J].Hot Working Technology,2015,44(9):14-18.
[13]MATSUSHITA M,KITANI Y,IKEDA R.Applicability of Friction Stir Welding(FSW)to Steels and Properties of the Welds[J].Jfe Technical Report,2015(20):133-140.
[14]SHI Hui,CHEN Ke,LIANG Zhi-yuan,et al.Intermetallic Compounds in the Banded Structure and Their Effect on Mechanical Properties of Al/Mg Dissimilar Friction Stir Welding Joints[J].Journal of Materials Science&Technology,2017(4):359-366.
[15]GUPTA S K,PANDEY K N,KUMAR R.Multi-objective Optimization of Friction Stir Welding Process Parameters for Joining of Dissimilar AA5083/AA6063 Aluminum Alloys Using Hybrid Approach[J].Fuel,2016,186(9):443-455.
[16]ABREU C P D,COSTA I,MELO H G D,et al.Multiscale Electrochemical Study of Welded Al Alloys Joined by Friction Stir Welding[J].Journal of the Electrochemical Society,2017,164(13):C735-C746.
[17]王希靖,梁建莉,张忠科,等.低碳钢搅拌摩擦焊用摩擦头的失效研究[J].电焊机,2012(2):40-43.WANG Xi-jing,LIANG Jian-li,ZHANG Zhong-ke,et al.Failure Investigation of Tool for Mild Steel in Friction Stir Welding[J].Electric Welding Machine,2012(2):40-43.