考虑静态安全约束的分布式电源准入容量与最佳接入位置计算
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摘要
分布式电源的接入对配电网潮流的影响显著。分布式电源出力越大,越容易造成接入节点电压偏移支路功率越限,威胁配电网的安全运行。从配电网静态安全运行角度,建立了含接入位置和接入数量为变量的分布式电源准入容量模型,以节点电压幅值、电压波动和支路功率为约束的非线性混合整数规划数学模型。为克服原问题的组合特性,简化原问题的求解难度,文章提出了两阶段的求解方法。为验证所提方法,对IEEE 33节点系统算例进行了仿真验证,结果表明所提方法能求解不同数量和位置接入的分布式电源准入容量,适合于各种负荷水平下的准入容量计算,可为分布式电源接入配电系统的运行与规划提供有力的理论和技术保障。
The impact of distributed generations(DGs) access on distribution network power flow is significant.Voltage deviation and branch power flow overload are more likely to occur when DGs' output is increased which threatens the secure operation of distribution network.For static security operation of distribution networks,a mathematical model of nonlinear mixed integer programming problem with DGs' location and the number of DGs as integer variables is established,which is aimed at determining optimal location with the objective of maximizing DGs' penetration capability considering voltage magnitude,voltage fluctuation and branch flow constraints.A two-stage method is proposed to overcome the combination characteristics of the proposed problem and reduce the solving difficulty and computation.Simulation results on IEEE 33-bus power system show that the proposed method can effectively calculate the penetration capability of different access location or size of DGs which is suitable for various load levels,and it can be a powerful theoretical and technology support for operation and planning of distribution network with DGs.
The impact of distributed generations(DGs) access on distribution network power flow is significant.Voltage deviation and branch power flow overload are more likely to occur when DGs' output is increased which threatens the secure operation of distribution network.For static security operation of distribution networks,a mathematical model of nonlinear mixed integer programming problem with DGs' location and the number of DGs as integer variables is established,which is aimed at determining optimal location with the objective of maximizing DGs' penetration capability considering voltage magnitude,voltage fluctuation and branch flow constraints.A two-stage method is proposed to overcome the combination characteristics of the proposed problem and reduce the solving difficulty and computation.Simulation results on IEEE 33-bus power system show that the proposed method can effectively calculate the penetration capability of different access location or size of DGs which is suitable for various load levels,and it can be a powerful theoretical and technology support for operation and planning of distribution network with DGs.
引文
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[13]钟清,高新华,余南华,等.谐波约束下的主动配电网分布式电源准入容量与准入方式[J].电力系统自动化,2014,38(24):108-113.ZHONG Qing,GAO Xinhua,YU Nanhua,et al.Accommodating capacity and mode of distributed generation under harmonic constraint in active distribution networks[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2014,38(24):108-113.
[14]金强,史梓男,马唯婧,等.分布式电源接入配电网方案选择研究[J].供用电,2016,33(5):22-26.JIN Qiang,SHI Zinan,MA Weijing,et al.Research on scheme selection of distributed generation connected into distribution network[J].Distribution&Utilization,2016,33(5):22-26.
[15]吴鸣,于辉,熊雄.分布式电源接入配电网的基本原则[J].供用电,2017,34(12):32-38.WU Ming,YU Hui,XIONG Xiong.Basic principles for integration of distributed generation into power distribution network[J].Distribution&Utilization,2017,34(12):32-38.
[16]刘科研,刘永梅,盛万兴,等.考虑电压约束的分布式电源接入配电网最大准入容量计算方法[J].电力自动化设备,2016,36(6):81-87.LIU Keyan,LIU Yongmei,SHENG Wanxing,et al.Maximal allowable DG penetration capacity calculation considering voltage constraints[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2016,36(6):81-87.
[17]文升,顾洁,程浩忠,等.分布式电源的准入容量与优化布置的实用方法[J].电力自动化设备,2012,32(10):109-114.WEN Sheng,GU Jie,CHENG Haozhong,et al.Maximum penetration level and optimal placement of distributed generation[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2012,32(10):109-114.
[18]刘伟生,王蕾,任杰,等.分布式电源接入的配电系统电压估算方法研究[J].电器与能效管理技术,2018(2):43-50.LIU Weisheng,WANG Lei,REN Jie,et al.Study on voltage estimation method for distributed generations in distribution systems[J].Electrical&Energy Management Technology,2018(2):43-50.
[19]KARDOS J,KOUROUNIS D,SCHENK O,et al.Complete results for a numerical evaluation of interior point solvers for large-scale optimal power flow problems[EB/OL].[2018-07-04].www.inf.usi.ch/techreports.
[20]王守相,王成山.现代配电系统分析[M].2版.北京:高等教育出版社,2014:247-250.
[2]任泳橙.分布式光伏并网对配电网潮流和网损的影响及对策[J].供用电,2017,34(2):64-68.REN Yongcheng.The impact and countermeasure of gridconnection of distributed PV on power flow and network loss of distribution networks[J].Distribution&Utilization,2017,34(2):64-68.
[3]刘健,张志华,黄炜,等.分布式电源准入对配电网故障定位及电压质量的影响分析[J].电力建设,2015,36(1):115-121.LIU Jian,ZHANG Zhihua,HUANG Wei,et al.Influence of distributed generation on fault location and voltage quality of distribution network[j].electric power contruction,2015,36(1):115-121.
[4]黄炜,刘健,魏昊焜,等.分布式光伏电源极端可接入容量极限研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2015,43(3):22-28.HUANG Wei,LIU Jian,WEI Haokun,et al.Extreme capacity limitations of photovoltaic generators in distribution grids[J].Power System Protection and Control,2015,43(3):22-28.
[5]刘健,黄炜.分布式光伏电源与负荷分布接近条件下的可准入容量分析[J].电网技术,2015,39(2):299-306.LIU Jian,HUANG Wei.Analysis on grid-connectible capacity of distributed pv generation in case of pv generation distribution close to load distribution[J].Power System Technology,2015,39(2):299-306.
[6]刘健,同向前,潘忠美,等.考虑过电压因素时分布式光伏电源的准入容量[J].电力系统保护与控制,2014,42(6):45-51.LIU Jian,TONG Xiangqian,PAN Zhongmei,et al.The maximum power of distributed PV generation according to over-voltage in distribution network[J].Power System Protection and Control,2014,42(6):45-51.
[7]范元亮,赵波,江全元,等.过电压限制下分布式光伏电源最大允许接入峰值容量的计算[J].电力系统自动化,2012,36(17):40-44.FAN Yuanliang,ZHAO Bo,JIANG Quanyuan,et al.Peak capacity calculation of distributed photovoltaic source with constraint of over-voltage[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2012,36(17):40-44.
[8]王璟,蒋小亮,杨卓,等.光伏集中并网电压约束下的准入容量与电压波动的评估方法[J].电网技术,2015,39(9):2450-2457.WANG Jing,JIANG Xiaoliang,YANG Zhuo,et al.Penetration capacity under voltage constraint and evaluation methodology of voltage fluctuation caused by centralized grid connection of photovoltaic power[J].Power System Technology,2015,39(9):2450-2457.
[9]苏小玲,韩民晓,赵正奎,等.配电网中分布式电源最大准入容量分析[J].电网技术,2012,36(10):87-92.SU Xiaoling,HAN Minxiao,ZHAO Zhengkui,et al.Research on maximum capacity of grid-connected distributed generation in distribution network[J].Power System Technology,2012,36(10):87-92.
[10]夏成军,崔弘,王强,等.考虑静态安全约束的分布式电源准入容量计算[J].电网技术,2009,33(16):96-100.XIA Chengjun,CUI Hong,WANG Qiang,et al.Penetration capacity calculation for distributed generation considering static security constraints[J].Power System Technology,2009,33(16):96-100.
[11]胡骅,吴汕,夏翔,等.考虑电压调整约束的多个分布式电源准入功率计算[J].中国电机工程学报,2006,26(19):13-17.HU Hua,WU Shan,XIA Xiang,et al.Computing the maximum penetration level of multiple distributed generators in distribution network taking into account voltage regulation constraints[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2006,26(19):13-17.
[12]兰佳,徐斌,刘红新,等.基于粒子群算法的分布式电源接入位置及容量寻优[J].供用电,2016,33(10):81-85.LAN Jia,XU Bin,LIU Hongxin,et al.Optimization of integration location and capacity research of distributed power generation based on particle swarm optimization algorithm[J].Distribution&Utilization,2016,33(10):81-85.
[13]钟清,高新华,余南华,等.谐波约束下的主动配电网分布式电源准入容量与准入方式[J].电力系统自动化,2014,38(24):108-113.ZHONG Qing,GAO Xinhua,YU Nanhua,et al.Accommodating capacity and mode of distributed generation under harmonic constraint in active distribution networks[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2014,38(24):108-113.
[14]金强,史梓男,马唯婧,等.分布式电源接入配电网方案选择研究[J].供用电,2016,33(5):22-26.JIN Qiang,SHI Zinan,MA Weijing,et al.Research on scheme selection of distributed generation connected into distribution network[J].Distribution&Utilization,2016,33(5):22-26.
[15]吴鸣,于辉,熊雄.分布式电源接入配电网的基本原则[J].供用电,2017,34(12):32-38.WU Ming,YU Hui,XIONG Xiong.Basic principles for integration of distributed generation into power distribution network[J].Distribution&Utilization,2017,34(12):32-38.
[16]刘科研,刘永梅,盛万兴,等.考虑电压约束的分布式电源接入配电网最大准入容量计算方法[J].电力自动化设备,2016,36(6):81-87.LIU Keyan,LIU Yongmei,SHENG Wanxing,et al.Maximal allowable DG penetration capacity calculation considering voltage constraints[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2016,36(6):81-87.
[17]文升,顾洁,程浩忠,等.分布式电源的准入容量与优化布置的实用方法[J].电力自动化设备,2012,32(10):109-114.WEN Sheng,GU Jie,CHENG Haozhong,et al.Maximum penetration level and optimal placement of distributed generation[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2012,32(10):109-114.
[18]刘伟生,王蕾,任杰,等.分布式电源接入的配电系统电压估算方法研究[J].电器与能效管理技术,2018(2):43-50.LIU Weisheng,WANG Lei,REN Jie,et al.Study on voltage estimation method for distributed generations in distribution systems[J].Electrical&Energy Management Technology,2018(2):43-50.
[19]KARDOS J,KOUROUNIS D,SCHENK O,et al.Complete results for a numerical evaluation of interior point solvers for large-scale optimal power flow problems[EB/OL].[2018-07-04].www.inf.usi.ch/techreports.
[20]王守相,王成山.现代配电系统分析[M].2版.北京:高等教育出版社,2014:247-250.