空中电场大地电磁法
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摘要
空中电场大地电磁法(Air Electric Field Magneto-Telluric method,简称AEMT),其基本的原理是,通过电容传感器测量近地表空中三个分量的交变电场,用磁棒观测交变磁场,再将所测电场和磁场转化为阻抗,通过对阻抗的解释,达到查明地下地质体的分布特征的目的.本文对AEMT基本原理进行较详细的论述,证明了电容传感器代替接电极原理的基本公式.分析了空气中垂直电场的来源,在介绍地面低频电磁波近似边界条件的基础上,导出了AEMT测量垂直电场分量时视电阻率的计算公式,并计算了一维情况下二层、三层地电模型AEMT视电阻率曲线.介绍了应用实例,最后讨论AEMT方法的技术特点.
Air Electric Field Magneto-Telluric method(AEMT)is proposed in this paper. The basic principle is that the measurement of the alternating electric field of three components in the air near the surface by capacitance and observation of alternating magnetic field bar, and then convert the electric field and magnetic field into impedance, the purpose of ascertain the distribution characteristics of underground geological bodies is achieved by the explanation of the impedance. In this paper, the basic principle of AEMT is discussed in detail. The basic formula of the principle of replacing the electrode with the capacitance sensor is proved. The source of the vertical electric field in the air is analyzed. On the basis of introducing the approximate boundary condition of the ground low frequency electromagnetic wave, the formula of the apparent resistivity measured by the AEMT measurement of the vertical electric field component is derived. The apparent resistivity curves of the two layer and three layer ground electric model AEMT are calculated. The application example is introduced. The technical features of the AEMT method are analyzed.
Air Electric Field Magneto-Telluric method(AEMT)is proposed in this paper. The basic principle is that the measurement of the alternating electric field of three components in the air near the surface by capacitance and observation of alternating magnetic field bar, and then convert the electric field and magnetic field into impedance, the purpose of ascertain the distribution characteristics of underground geological bodies is achieved by the explanation of the impedance. In this paper, the basic principle of AEMT is discussed in detail. The basic formula of the principle of replacing the electrode with the capacitance sensor is proved. The source of the vertical electric field in the air is analyzed. On the basis of introducing the approximate boundary condition of the ground low frequency electromagnetic wave, the formula of the apparent resistivity measured by the AEMT measurement of the vertical electric field component is derived. The apparent resistivity curves of the two layer and three layer ground electric model AEMT are calculated. The application example is introduced. The technical features of the AEMT method are analyzed.
引文
Alan D.Chave,Alan G.Jones.2012.The magnetotelluric method theory and practice [M].New York:Published in the United States of America by Cambridge University Press.
Cagniard L.1953.Basic Theory of the magneto-telluric method of geophysical Prospecting [J].Geophysics,18(3):605- 635.
Chen W M.2003.Principles of thunder and lightning (in Chinese)[M].Beijing:Meteorological Press,325-336.
Dong Ai-guo ,Tan Jia-yan,Zhang Zi-li,et al.2014.Research on development and test of new type electric field sensor [J].Experimental Technology and Management (in Chinese),31(8):100-102.
Fan Qi-hang.2017.Study on capacitance electrode instead of grounding electrode in EH- 4 System [Master’s thesis].Nanchang:East China University of Technology.
Hibbs A,Petrov T,Pendleton J,et al.2012.New electromagnetic sensors for magnetotelluric and induced polarization geophysical surveys [C].SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts:1-5.
Li Ru-chuan.2004.The effects of errors in M-N electrode-spacing and grounding resistance on cagniard resistivity [J].Geology and Prospecting (in Chinese),40(Z1):188-190.
Marsala A,Hibbs A,Petrov T,et al.2013.Six component tensor of the surface electromagnetic field produced by a borehole source recorded by innovative capacitive sensors [C].SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,825-829.
Pan Weiyan.2004.LF VLF ELF Wave Propagation [M].Chengdu:University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Press.
Sun Jingqun.1987.The Foundation of Atmospheric Electricity [M].Beijing:China Meteorological Pres.
Tan Jia-yan,Zhang Zi-li,Dong Ai-guo,et al.2014.Research on the application of capacitive sensor in electric prospecting [J].Science and Technology Innovation Herald (in Chinese),1(11):7-8.
Tang Jing-tian,Hu Shuang-gui,Xiao Xiao,et al.2015.The effect of grounding resistance stability on AMT [J].Computing techniques for geophysical and geochemical exploration (in Chinese),37(5):547-551.
Wang Hui,Ye Gao-feng,Wei Wen-bo,et al.2010.The design and implementation of non-polarizable Pb-PbCl2 electrodes [J].Seismological and geomagnetic observation and research (in Chinese),31(3):115-120.
Wang Hui,Ye Gao-feng ,Wei Wen-bo,et al.2013.High-precision acquisition technology of telluric field on magnetotellurics [J].Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),28(3):1199-1207,doi:10.6038/pg20130311.
Wang Zhi-yu,Wang Shun,Zhang Qun-ying,et al.2016.Research on a novel capacitive electric field sensor for geophysical prospecting [J].Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument (in Chinese),37(12):2678-2685.
WU Xin-min,MA Wang-peng,YANG Ya-xin,et al.2018.Capacitance electrode measurement technology in electromagnetic method [J].Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),33(1):0269- 0273,doi:10.6038/pg2018BB0132.
Wu Xin-min,Yang Hai-yan,Yang Ya-xin,et al.2013.Theoretical depth of investigation of electric method prospecting [J].Journal of East China Institute of Technology(Natural Science)(in Chinese),36(1):60- 64.
Wu Xin-min,Ye Yi-xin,Ma Wang-peng.2017.AEMT of Finite Element Modeling [C].The 13th China International Geo-Electromagnetic Workshop,507-510.
Yang Long Fu,Wu Xinmin,Yang Yaxin,et al.2017.Power Spectrum Analysis of Data in AEMT [C].The 13th China International Geo-Electromagnetic Workshop,375-377.
Yang Yunjian,Mi Xiaoli,He Zhanxiang,et al.2004.Introduction of capacitivity coupled resistivity (CCR)method and its applied effects [J].Equipment for geophysical prospecting (in Chinese),14(1):48-51.
Yang Yunjian,Mi Xiaoli,Song Xilin,et al.2009.Application of capacitive coupling resistivity method to detect road hidden danger [J].Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration (in Chinese),33(3):350-353.
Yu Shengbao.2007.Study on method and instrumentation for non-contact electrode detection [Ph.D.thesis].Changchun:Jilin University.
Yu Shengbao,Zhang Xiantao,Chen Tianqi,et al.2008.Electrical detection with non-contact electrode [J].Journal of Jilin University:Engineering and Technology Edition (in Chinese),38(2):370-373.
Zeng Junping,Wu Xinmin,Yang Yaxin,et al.2017.Analysis of stacking times in field measurements by EH4 [C].The 13th China International Geo-Electromagnetic Workshop,237-238.
Zhang Youshan,He Jishan.1996.The effects of the contact resistance of electrode on the measurements and their removal [J].Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China (in Chinese),6(1):1-5.
陈渭民.2003.雷电学原理[M].北京:气象出版社.
董爱国,谭嘉言,张自力,等.2014.新型电场传感器研制与实验研究[J].实验技术与管理,31(8):100-102.
樊启航.2017.EH- 4系统中电容电极替代接地电极的研究[硕士论文].南昌:东华理工大学.
李汝传.2004.MN长度误差及接地电阻对卡尼亚电阻率的影响[J].地质与勘探,40(Z1):188-190.
潘威炎.2004.长波超长波极长波传播[M].成都:电子科技大学出版社.
孙景群.1987.大气电学基础[M].北京:气象出版社.
谭嘉言,张自力,董爱国,等.2014.电容型传感器在电法勘探的应用研究[J].科技创新导报,1(11):7-8.
汤井田,胡双贵,肖晓.2015.接地电阻稳定性对音频大地电磁法测量的影响[J].物探化探计算技术,37(5):547-551.
王辉,叶高峰,魏文博,等.2013.大地电磁测深中大地电场的高精度采集技术[J].地球物理学进展,28(3):1199-1207,doi:10.6038/pg20130311.
王辉,叶高峰,魏文博.2010.Pb-PbCl2不极化电极的设计与实现[J].地震地磁观测与研究,31(3):115-120.
王志宇,王顺,张群英,等.2016.一种新型地球物理电容性电场传感器研究[J].仪器仪表学报,37(12):2678-2685.
吴信民,马王鹏,杨亚新,等.2018.电磁法中电容电极测量技术[J].地球物理学进展,33(1):0269- 0273,doi:10.6038/pg2018BB0132.
吴信民,杨海燕,杨亚新,等.2013.论电法勘探的理论探测深度[J].东华理工大学学报(自然科学版),36(1):60- 64.
吴信民,叶益信,马王鹏,等.2017.空中电场电磁法有限元正演[C].第十三届中国国际地球电磁学术讨论会摘要集,507-510.
杨龙富,吴信民,杨亚新,等.2017.空中电场电磁法数据的功率谱分析[C].第十三届中国国际地球电磁学术讨论会摘要集,375-377.
杨云见,米晓利,何展翔,等.2004.电容耦合电阻率法介绍及其应用效果初探[J].物探装备,14(1):48-51.
杨云见,米晓利,宋喜林,等.2009.应用电容耦合电阻率法检测道路隐患[J].物探与化探,33(3):350-353.
于生宝.2007.不接触电极探测方法及仪器研究[博士论文].长春:吉林大学.
于生宝,张贤涛,陈天琦,等.2008.基于不接触电极的电阻率探测方法[J].吉林大学学报(工学版),38(2):370-373.
曾军平,吴信民,杨亚新,等.2017.AEMT法野外测量时叠加次数分析[C].2017第十三届中国国际地球电磁学术讨论会摘要集,237-238.
张友山,何继善.1996.接地电阻对地电场观测的影响及克服方法[J].中国有色金属学报,6(1):1-5.
Cagniard L.1953.Basic Theory of the magneto-telluric method of geophysical Prospecting [J].Geophysics,18(3):605- 635.
Chen W M.2003.Principles of thunder and lightning (in Chinese)[M].Beijing:Meteorological Press,325-336.
Dong Ai-guo ,Tan Jia-yan,Zhang Zi-li,et al.2014.Research on development and test of new type electric field sensor [J].Experimental Technology and Management (in Chinese),31(8):100-102.
Fan Qi-hang.2017.Study on capacitance electrode instead of grounding electrode in EH- 4 System [Master’s thesis].Nanchang:East China University of Technology.
Hibbs A,Petrov T,Pendleton J,et al.2012.New electromagnetic sensors for magnetotelluric and induced polarization geophysical surveys [C].SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts:1-5.
Li Ru-chuan.2004.The effects of errors in M-N electrode-spacing and grounding resistance on cagniard resistivity [J].Geology and Prospecting (in Chinese),40(Z1):188-190.
Marsala A,Hibbs A,Petrov T,et al.2013.Six component tensor of the surface electromagnetic field produced by a borehole source recorded by innovative capacitive sensors [C].SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,825-829.
Pan Weiyan.2004.LF VLF ELF Wave Propagation [M].Chengdu:University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Press.
Sun Jingqun.1987.The Foundation of Atmospheric Electricity [M].Beijing:China Meteorological Pres.
Tan Jia-yan,Zhang Zi-li,Dong Ai-guo,et al.2014.Research on the application of capacitive sensor in electric prospecting [J].Science and Technology Innovation Herald (in Chinese),1(11):7-8.
Tang Jing-tian,Hu Shuang-gui,Xiao Xiao,et al.2015.The effect of grounding resistance stability on AMT [J].Computing techniques for geophysical and geochemical exploration (in Chinese),37(5):547-551.
Wang Hui,Ye Gao-feng,Wei Wen-bo,et al.2010.The design and implementation of non-polarizable Pb-PbCl2 electrodes [J].Seismological and geomagnetic observation and research (in Chinese),31(3):115-120.
Wang Hui,Ye Gao-feng ,Wei Wen-bo,et al.2013.High-precision acquisition technology of telluric field on magnetotellurics [J].Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),28(3):1199-1207,doi:10.6038/pg20130311.
Wang Zhi-yu,Wang Shun,Zhang Qun-ying,et al.2016.Research on a novel capacitive electric field sensor for geophysical prospecting [J].Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument (in Chinese),37(12):2678-2685.
WU Xin-min,MA Wang-peng,YANG Ya-xin,et al.2018.Capacitance electrode measurement technology in electromagnetic method [J].Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese),33(1):0269- 0273,doi:10.6038/pg2018BB0132.
Wu Xin-min,Yang Hai-yan,Yang Ya-xin,et al.2013.Theoretical depth of investigation of electric method prospecting [J].Journal of East China Institute of Technology(Natural Science)(in Chinese),36(1):60- 64.
Wu Xin-min,Ye Yi-xin,Ma Wang-peng.2017.AEMT of Finite Element Modeling [C].The 13th China International Geo-Electromagnetic Workshop,507-510.
Yang Long Fu,Wu Xinmin,Yang Yaxin,et al.2017.Power Spectrum Analysis of Data in AEMT [C].The 13th China International Geo-Electromagnetic Workshop,375-377.
Yang Yunjian,Mi Xiaoli,He Zhanxiang,et al.2004.Introduction of capacitivity coupled resistivity (CCR)method and its applied effects [J].Equipment for geophysical prospecting (in Chinese),14(1):48-51.
Yang Yunjian,Mi Xiaoli,Song Xilin,et al.2009.Application of capacitive coupling resistivity method to detect road hidden danger [J].Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration (in Chinese),33(3):350-353.
Yu Shengbao.2007.Study on method and instrumentation for non-contact electrode detection [Ph.D.thesis].Changchun:Jilin University.
Yu Shengbao,Zhang Xiantao,Chen Tianqi,et al.2008.Electrical detection with non-contact electrode [J].Journal of Jilin University:Engineering and Technology Edition (in Chinese),38(2):370-373.
Zeng Junping,Wu Xinmin,Yang Yaxin,et al.2017.Analysis of stacking times in field measurements by EH4 [C].The 13th China International Geo-Electromagnetic Workshop,237-238.
Zhang Youshan,He Jishan.1996.The effects of the contact resistance of electrode on the measurements and their removal [J].Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China (in Chinese),6(1):1-5.
陈渭民.2003.雷电学原理[M].北京:气象出版社.
董爱国,谭嘉言,张自力,等.2014.新型电场传感器研制与实验研究[J].实验技术与管理,31(8):100-102.
樊启航.2017.EH- 4系统中电容电极替代接地电极的研究[硕士论文].南昌:东华理工大学.
李汝传.2004.MN长度误差及接地电阻对卡尼亚电阻率的影响[J].地质与勘探,40(Z1):188-190.
潘威炎.2004.长波超长波极长波传播[M].成都:电子科技大学出版社.
孙景群.1987.大气电学基础[M].北京:气象出版社.
谭嘉言,张自力,董爱国,等.2014.电容型传感器在电法勘探的应用研究[J].科技创新导报,1(11):7-8.
汤井田,胡双贵,肖晓.2015.接地电阻稳定性对音频大地电磁法测量的影响[J].物探化探计算技术,37(5):547-551.
王辉,叶高峰,魏文博,等.2013.大地电磁测深中大地电场的高精度采集技术[J].地球物理学进展,28(3):1199-1207,doi:10.6038/pg20130311.
王辉,叶高峰,魏文博.2010.Pb-PbCl2不极化电极的设计与实现[J].地震地磁观测与研究,31(3):115-120.
王志宇,王顺,张群英,等.2016.一种新型地球物理电容性电场传感器研究[J].仪器仪表学报,37(12):2678-2685.
吴信民,马王鹏,杨亚新,等.2018.电磁法中电容电极测量技术[J].地球物理学进展,33(1):0269- 0273,doi:10.6038/pg2018BB0132.
吴信民,杨海燕,杨亚新,等.2013.论电法勘探的理论探测深度[J].东华理工大学学报(自然科学版),36(1):60- 64.
吴信民,叶益信,马王鹏,等.2017.空中电场电磁法有限元正演[C].第十三届中国国际地球电磁学术讨论会摘要集,507-510.
杨龙富,吴信民,杨亚新,等.2017.空中电场电磁法数据的功率谱分析[C].第十三届中国国际地球电磁学术讨论会摘要集,375-377.
杨云见,米晓利,何展翔,等.2004.电容耦合电阻率法介绍及其应用效果初探[J].物探装备,14(1):48-51.
杨云见,米晓利,宋喜林,等.2009.应用电容耦合电阻率法检测道路隐患[J].物探与化探,33(3):350-353.
于生宝.2007.不接触电极探测方法及仪器研究[博士论文].长春:吉林大学.
于生宝,张贤涛,陈天琦,等.2008.基于不接触电极的电阻率探测方法[J].吉林大学学报(工学版),38(2):370-373.
曾军平,吴信民,杨亚新,等.2017.AEMT法野外测量时叠加次数分析[C].2017第十三届中国国际地球电磁学术讨论会摘要集,237-238.
张友山,何继善.1996.接地电阻对地电场观测的影响及克服方法[J].中国有色金属学报,6(1):1-5.