气候变暖对香格里拉油麦吊云杉径向生长的影响
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摘要
为分析香格里拉油麦吊云杉(Picea brachytyla)径向生长对气候变化的响应及其动态,在普达措国家公园和石卡雪山油麦吊云杉分布的海拔上限采集年轮样品,建立油麦吊云杉年轮宽度差值年表,将年轮宽度指数与不同时段温度和降水进行响应分析。结果表明:1961—2011年,当年7份月和上年10月份的月平均气温是影响香格里拉海拔上限油麦吊云杉生长的主要气候因子;1985—2011年,树木生长仅与温度变化有关,具体表现为树木生长与上年9、10月份平均气温和最低气温呈显著负相关,与当年7月份平均气温和最低气温呈显著正相关;1961—1984年,气温和降水共同影响树木生长,树木生长与当年5月份降水和当年10月份平均气温呈显著负相关。
To explore the relationship between radial growth of Picea brachytyla and climatic factors in Shangri-La and temporal dynamics,we collected tree ring cores of the species at its upper distributional limits in Potatso National Park and Shika Snow Mountain,and established residual chronologies by using tree ring width data.We further analyzed relationships between the residual chronologies and climatic factors(temperature and precipitation) in different periods by using response function analysis.The mean temperature in July of current year and October of previous year was the main factor affecting the radial growth of P.brachytyla in 1961-2011,and this phenomenon was even more pronounced after the occurrence of abrupt warming in 1984.Tree growth was only affected by temperature in 1985-2011,by showing a significant and negative correlation with the monthly mean and minimum temperature of previous September and October,but a significant and positive correlation with July monthly mean and minimum temperature of current year.From 1961 to 1984,tree growth was affected by both temperature and precipitation,showing a significant and negative correlation with current May precipitation and current October mean temperature.
To explore the relationship between radial growth of Picea brachytyla and climatic factors in Shangri-La and temporal dynamics,we collected tree ring cores of the species at its upper distributional limits in Potatso National Park and Shika Snow Mountain,and established residual chronologies by using tree ring width data.We further analyzed relationships between the residual chronologies and climatic factors(temperature and precipitation) in different periods by using response function analysis.The mean temperature in July of current year and October of previous year was the main factor affecting the radial growth of P.brachytyla in 1961-2011,and this phenomenon was even more pronounced after the occurrence of abrupt warming in 1984.Tree growth was only affected by temperature in 1985-2011,by showing a significant and negative correlation with the monthly mean and minimum temperature of previous September and October,but a significant and positive correlation with July monthly mean and minimum temperature of current year.From 1961 to 1984,tree growth was affected by both temperature and precipitation,showing a significant and negative correlation with current May precipitation and current October mean temperature.
引文
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[2] 刘国华,傅伯杰.全球气候变化对森林生态系统的影响[J].自然资源学报,2001,16(1):71-78.
[3] 李腾,何兴元,陈振举.东北南部蒙古栎径向生长对气候变化的响应:以千山为例[J].应用生态学报,2014,25(7):1841-1848.
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[10] YU D P, WANG G G, DAI L M, et al. Dendroclimatic analysis of Betula ermanii forests at their upper limit of distribution in changbai mountain, northeast china[J]. Forest Ecology and Management,2007,240(1/2/3):105-113.
[11] LIANG E Y, WANG Y F, PIAO S L, et al. Species interactions slow warming-induced upward shifts of treelines on the tibetan plateau[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA,2016,113(16):4380-4385.
[12] LIU L S, SHAO X M, LIANG E Y. Climate signals from tree-ring chronologies of the upper and lower treelines in the dulan region of the northeaster qinghai-tibetan plateau[J]. Journal of Integrative Plant Biology,2006,48(3):278-285.
[13] LIANG E Y, WANG Y F, XU Y, et al. Growth variation in Abies georgei var. smithii along altitudinal gradients in the sygera mountains, southeastern tibetan plateau[J]. Trees,2010,24(2):363-373.
[14] WILSON R J S, LUCKMAN B H. Tree-ring reconstruction of maximum and minimum temperatures and the diurnal temperature range in british columbia, canada[J]. Dendrochronologia,2002,20(3):257-268.
[15] YU D P, LIU J Q, BENARD J L, et al. Spatial variation and temporal instability in the climate-growth relationship of korean pine in the changbai mountain region of northeast china[J]. Forest Ecology & Management,2012,300:96-105.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2012.06.032.
[16] PANTHI S, BR?UNING A, ZHOU Z K, et al. Growth response of Abies georgei to climate increases with elevation in the central hengduan mountains, southwestern china[J]. Dendrochronologia,2018,47:1-9.doi:10.1016/j.dendro.2017.11.001.
[17] 李广起,白帆,桑卫国.长白山红松和鱼鳞云杉在分布上限的径向生长对气候变暖的不同响应[J].植物生态学报,2011,35(5):500-511.
[18] 郭滨德,张远东,王晓春.川西高原不同坡向云、冷杉树轮对快速升温的响应差异[J].应用生态学报,2016,27(2):354-364.
[19] YU D P, GU H Y, WANG J D, et al. Relationships of climate change and tree ring of Betula ermanii tree line forest in changbai mountain[J]. Journal of Forestry Research,2005,16(3):187-192.
[20] FAN Z X, BR?UNING A, CAO K F, et al. Growth-climate responses of high-elevation conifers in the central hengduan mountains in southern china[J]. Forest Ecology and Management,2009,258(3):306-313.
[21] SHAO X, XU Y, YIN Z Y, et al. Climatic implications of a 3585-year tree-ring width chronology from the northeastern qinghai-tibetan plateau[J]. Quaternary Science Reviews,2010,29(17/18):2111-2122.
[22] ZHU H F, XU P, SHAO X M, et al. Little Ice Age glacier fluctuations reconstructed for the southeastern tibetan plateau using tree rings[J]. Quaternary International,2013,283:134-138.doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2012.04.011.
[23] LIANG E Y, LEUSCHNER C, DULAMSUREN C, et al. Global warming-related tree growth decline and mortality on the north-eastern tibetan plateau[J]. Climatic Change,2016,134(1/2):163-176.
[24] FAN Z X, BR?UNING A, CAO K F. Annual temperature reconstruction in the central hengduan mountains, china, as deduced from tree rings[J]. Dendrochronologia,2008,26(2):97-107.
[25] GUO G A, LI Z S, ZHANG Q B, et al. Dendroclimatological studies of Picea brachytyla and Tsuga dumosa in lijiang, china[J]. International Association of Wood Anatomists,2009,30(4).doi:10.1163/22941932-90000230.
[26] 张卫国,肖德荣,田昆,等.玉龙雪山3个针叶树种在海拔上限的径向生长及气候响应[J].生态学报,2017,37(11):3796-3804.
[27] 余佳霖,张卫国,田昆,等.普达措国家公园海拔上限3个针叶树种径向生长对气候变化的响应[J].北京林业大学学报,2017,39(1):43-51.
[28] ZHANG Y, YIN D C, SUN M, et al. Variations of climate-growth response of major conifers at upper distributional limits in shika snow mountain, northwestern yunnan plateau, china[J]. Forests,2017,8.doi:10.3390/f8100377.
[29] 赵志江,谭留夷,康东伟,等.云南小中甸地区油麦吊云杉径向生长对气候变化的响应[J].应用生态学报,2012,23(3):603-609.
[30] 吴征镒.云南植被[M].北京:科学出版社,1987.
[31] LARSSON L A. CDendro and CooRecorder ver7.3[CP]. Cybis Elektronik & Data AB.http://www.cybis.se/forfun/dendro/version7.3/index.htm.
[32] HOLMES R L. Computer-assisted quality control in tree-ring dating and measurement[J]. Tree-Ring Bulletin,1983,43:69-78.
[33] COOK E R, HOLMES R L. Users manual for program ARSTAN: laboratory of tree-ring research[J]. Arizona: University of Arizona Press,1986.
[34] 邵雪梅,吴祥定.华山树木年轮年表的建立[J].地理学报,1994,49(2):174-181.
[35] BIONDI F, WAIKUL K. DENDROCLIM2002: a C++ program for statistical calibration of climate signals in tree-ring chronologies[J]. Computers & Geosciences,2004,30(3):303-311.
[36] BLASING T J, SOLOMON A M, DUCICK D N. Response function revisited[J]. Tree-ring bulletin,1984,44:1-15.
[37] WIGLEY T M, BRIFFA K R, JONES P D. On the average value of correlated time series, with applications in dendroclimatology and hydrometeorology[J]. Journal of Climate and Applied Meteorology,1984,23(2):201-213.
[38] SALZER M W, HUGHES M K, BUNN A G, et al. Recent unprecedented tree-ring growth in Bristlecone pine at the highest elevations and possible causes[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science of the United States of America,2009,106(48):20348-20353.doi:10.1073/pnas.0903029106.
[39] 宋文琦,朱良军,张旭,等.青藏高原东北部不同降水梯度下高山林线祁连圆柏径向生长与气候关系的比较[J].植物生态学报,2018,42(1):571-577.
[40] TAKAHASHI K, TOKUMITSU Y, YASUE K. Climatic factors affecting the tree-ring width of Betula ermanii, at the timberline on mount norikura, central japan[J]. Ecological Research,2005,20(4):445-451.
[41] MEYER F D, BRAKER O U. Climate response in dominant and suppressed spurce trees, Picea abies (L.) Karst., on a subalpine and lower montane site in switzerland[J]. Ecoscience,2001,8(1):105-114.https://doi.org/10.1080/11956860.2001.11682636.
[42] FRITTS H C. Tree ring and climate[M]. London: Academy Press,1976.
[43] 王婷.天山中部不同海拔高度天山云杉林的生态学研究[D].武汉:武汉大学,2004.
[44] 张贇,尹定财,田昆,等.滇西北海拔上限大果红杉径向生长对气候变化的响应[J].应用生态学报,2017,28(9):2805-2812.
[45] DRISCOLL W W, WILES G C, D’ARRIGO R D, et al. Divergent tree growth response to recent climatic warming, lake clark national park and preserve, alaska[J]. Geophysical Research Letters,2005,32(20).doi:10.1029/2005GL024258.
[46] ZHANG W T, JIANG Y, DONG M Y, et al. Relationship between the radial growth of Picea meyeri and climate along elevations of the luyashan mountain in north-central china[J]. Forest Ecology & Management,2012,265(1):142-149.
[47] JUMP A S, HUNT J M, PE?UELAS J. Climate relationships of growth and establishment across the altitudinal range of Fagus sylvatica in the montseny mountains, northeast spain[J]. Ecoscience,2007,14(4):507-518.
[48] CHEN L, WU S, PAN T. Variability of climate-growth relationships along an elevation gradient in the changbai mountain, northeastern china[J]. Trees,2011,25(6):1133-1139.
[49] YU D P, WANG Q W, WANG Y, et al. Climatic effects on radial growth of major tree species on changbai countain[J]. Annals of Forest Science,2011,68(5):921-933.doi:10.1007/s13595-011-0098-7.
[50] BI Y F, XU J C, GEBREKIRSTOS A, et al. Assessing drought variability since 1650 AD from tree-rings on the jade dragon snow mountain, southwest china[J]. International Journal of Climatology,2015,35(14):4057-4065.doi:10.1002/joc.4264 .
[51] LI Z S, ZHANG Q B, MA K P. Tree-ring reconstruction of summer temperature for A.D. 1475-2003 in the central hengduan mountains, northwestern yunnan, china[J]. Climatic Change,2012,110(1):455-467.doi:10.1007/s10584-011-0111-z.
[2] 刘国华,傅伯杰.全球气候变化对森林生态系统的影响[J].自然资源学报,2001,16(1):71-78.
[3] 李腾,何兴元,陈振举.东北南部蒙古栎径向生长对气候变化的响应:以千山为例[J].应用生态学报,2014,25(7):1841-1848.
[4] 吴祥定.树木年轮与气候变化[M].北京:气象出版社,1990.
[5] FRITTS H C. Reconstruction large scale climate patterns from tree ring data[M]. Tucson: The University of Arizona Press,1991.
[6] LIANG E Y, LIU B, ZHU LP, et al. A short note on linkage of climatic records between a river valley and the upper timberline in the sygera mountains, southeastern tibetan plateau[J]. Global and Planetary Change,2011,77(1/2):97-102.doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2011.04.005.
[7] WIESER G, TAUSZ M. Trees at their upper limit: treelife limitation at the alpine timberline[M]. Dordrecht, Netherlands: Springer,2007.
[8] ELLIOTT G. Extrinsic regime shift drive abrupt changes in regeneration dynamics at upper treeline in the rocky mountains, USA[J]. Ecology,2012,93(7):1614-1625.doi.org/10.1890/11-1220.1.
[9] YANG B, HE M H, MELVIN T M, et al. Climate control on tree growth at the upper and lower treelines: a case study in the qilian mountains, tibetan plateau[J]. PLoS One,2013,8(7).doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0069065.
[10] YU D P, WANG G G, DAI L M, et al. Dendroclimatic analysis of Betula ermanii forests at their upper limit of distribution in changbai mountain, northeast china[J]. Forest Ecology and Management,2007,240(1/2/3):105-113.
[11] LIANG E Y, WANG Y F, PIAO S L, et al. Species interactions slow warming-induced upward shifts of treelines on the tibetan plateau[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA,2016,113(16):4380-4385.
[12] LIU L S, SHAO X M, LIANG E Y. Climate signals from tree-ring chronologies of the upper and lower treelines in the dulan region of the northeaster qinghai-tibetan plateau[J]. Journal of Integrative Plant Biology,2006,48(3):278-285.
[13] LIANG E Y, WANG Y F, XU Y, et al. Growth variation in Abies georgei var. smithii along altitudinal gradients in the sygera mountains, southeastern tibetan plateau[J]. Trees,2010,24(2):363-373.
[14] WILSON R J S, LUCKMAN B H. Tree-ring reconstruction of maximum and minimum temperatures and the diurnal temperature range in british columbia, canada[J]. Dendrochronologia,2002,20(3):257-268.
[15] YU D P, LIU J Q, BENARD J L, et al. Spatial variation and temporal instability in the climate-growth relationship of korean pine in the changbai mountain region of northeast china[J]. Forest Ecology & Management,2012,300:96-105.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2012.06.032.
[16] PANTHI S, BR?UNING A, ZHOU Z K, et al. Growth response of Abies georgei to climate increases with elevation in the central hengduan mountains, southwestern china[J]. Dendrochronologia,2018,47:1-9.doi:10.1016/j.dendro.2017.11.001.
[17] 李广起,白帆,桑卫国.长白山红松和鱼鳞云杉在分布上限的径向生长对气候变暖的不同响应[J].植物生态学报,2011,35(5):500-511.
[18] 郭滨德,张远东,王晓春.川西高原不同坡向云、冷杉树轮对快速升温的响应差异[J].应用生态学报,2016,27(2):354-364.
[19] YU D P, GU H Y, WANG J D, et al. Relationships of climate change and tree ring of Betula ermanii tree line forest in changbai mountain[J]. Journal of Forestry Research,2005,16(3):187-192.
[20] FAN Z X, BR?UNING A, CAO K F, et al. Growth-climate responses of high-elevation conifers in the central hengduan mountains in southern china[J]. Forest Ecology and Management,2009,258(3):306-313.
[21] SHAO X, XU Y, YIN Z Y, et al. Climatic implications of a 3585-year tree-ring width chronology from the northeastern qinghai-tibetan plateau[J]. Quaternary Science Reviews,2010,29(17/18):2111-2122.
[22] ZHU H F, XU P, SHAO X M, et al. Little Ice Age glacier fluctuations reconstructed for the southeastern tibetan plateau using tree rings[J]. Quaternary International,2013,283:134-138.doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2012.04.011.
[23] LIANG E Y, LEUSCHNER C, DULAMSUREN C, et al. Global warming-related tree growth decline and mortality on the north-eastern tibetan plateau[J]. Climatic Change,2016,134(1/2):163-176.
[24] FAN Z X, BR?UNING A, CAO K F. Annual temperature reconstruction in the central hengduan mountains, china, as deduced from tree rings[J]. Dendrochronologia,2008,26(2):97-107.
[25] GUO G A, LI Z S, ZHANG Q B, et al. Dendroclimatological studies of Picea brachytyla and Tsuga dumosa in lijiang, china[J]. International Association of Wood Anatomists,2009,30(4).doi:10.1163/22941932-90000230.
[26] 张卫国,肖德荣,田昆,等.玉龙雪山3个针叶树种在海拔上限的径向生长及气候响应[J].生态学报,2017,37(11):3796-3804.
[27] 余佳霖,张卫国,田昆,等.普达措国家公园海拔上限3个针叶树种径向生长对气候变化的响应[J].北京林业大学学报,2017,39(1):43-51.
[28] ZHANG Y, YIN D C, SUN M, et al. Variations of climate-growth response of major conifers at upper distributional limits in shika snow mountain, northwestern yunnan plateau, china[J]. Forests,2017,8.doi:10.3390/f8100377.
[29] 赵志江,谭留夷,康东伟,等.云南小中甸地区油麦吊云杉径向生长对气候变化的响应[J].应用生态学报,2012,23(3):603-609.
[30] 吴征镒.云南植被[M].北京:科学出版社,1987.
[31] LARSSON L A. CDendro and CooRecorder ver7.3[CP]. Cybis Elektronik & Data AB.http://www.cybis.se/forfun/dendro/version7.3/index.htm.
[32] HOLMES R L. Computer-assisted quality control in tree-ring dating and measurement[J]. Tree-Ring Bulletin,1983,43:69-78.
[33] COOK E R, HOLMES R L. Users manual for program ARSTAN: laboratory of tree-ring research[J]. Arizona: University of Arizona Press,1986.
[34] 邵雪梅,吴祥定.华山树木年轮年表的建立[J].地理学报,1994,49(2):174-181.
[35] BIONDI F, WAIKUL K. DENDROCLIM2002: a C++ program for statistical calibration of climate signals in tree-ring chronologies[J]. Computers & Geosciences,2004,30(3):303-311.
[36] BLASING T J, SOLOMON A M, DUCICK D N. Response function revisited[J]. Tree-ring bulletin,1984,44:1-15.
[37] WIGLEY T M, BRIFFA K R, JONES P D. On the average value of correlated time series, with applications in dendroclimatology and hydrometeorology[J]. Journal of Climate and Applied Meteorology,1984,23(2):201-213.
[38] SALZER M W, HUGHES M K, BUNN A G, et al. Recent unprecedented tree-ring growth in Bristlecone pine at the highest elevations and possible causes[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science of the United States of America,2009,106(48):20348-20353.doi:10.1073/pnas.0903029106.
[39] 宋文琦,朱良军,张旭,等.青藏高原东北部不同降水梯度下高山林线祁连圆柏径向生长与气候关系的比较[J].植物生态学报,2018,42(1):571-577.
[40] TAKAHASHI K, TOKUMITSU Y, YASUE K. Climatic factors affecting the tree-ring width of Betula ermanii, at the timberline on mount norikura, central japan[J]. Ecological Research,2005,20(4):445-451.
[41] MEYER F D, BRAKER O U. Climate response in dominant and suppressed spurce trees, Picea abies (L.) Karst., on a subalpine and lower montane site in switzerland[J]. Ecoscience,2001,8(1):105-114.https://doi.org/10.1080/11956860.2001.11682636.
[42] FRITTS H C. Tree ring and climate[M]. London: Academy Press,1976.
[43] 王婷.天山中部不同海拔高度天山云杉林的生态学研究[D].武汉:武汉大学,2004.
[44] 张贇,尹定财,田昆,等.滇西北海拔上限大果红杉径向生长对气候变化的响应[J].应用生态学报,2017,28(9):2805-2812.
[45] DRISCOLL W W, WILES G C, D’ARRIGO R D, et al. Divergent tree growth response to recent climatic warming, lake clark national park and preserve, alaska[J]. Geophysical Research Letters,2005,32(20).doi:10.1029/2005GL024258.
[46] ZHANG W T, JIANG Y, DONG M Y, et al. Relationship between the radial growth of Picea meyeri and climate along elevations of the luyashan mountain in north-central china[J]. Forest Ecology & Management,2012,265(1):142-149.
[47] JUMP A S, HUNT J M, PE?UELAS J. Climate relationships of growth and establishment across the altitudinal range of Fagus sylvatica in the montseny mountains, northeast spain[J]. Ecoscience,2007,14(4):507-518.
[48] CHEN L, WU S, PAN T. Variability of climate-growth relationships along an elevation gradient in the changbai mountain, northeastern china[J]. Trees,2011,25(6):1133-1139.
[49] YU D P, WANG Q W, WANG Y, et al. Climatic effects on radial growth of major tree species on changbai countain[J]. Annals of Forest Science,2011,68(5):921-933.doi:10.1007/s13595-011-0098-7.
[50] BI Y F, XU J C, GEBREKIRSTOS A, et al. Assessing drought variability since 1650 AD from tree-rings on the jade dragon snow mountain, southwest china[J]. International Journal of Climatology,2015,35(14):4057-4065.doi:10.1002/joc.4264 .
[51] LI Z S, ZHANG Q B, MA K P. Tree-ring reconstruction of summer temperature for A.D. 1475-2003 in the central hengduan mountains, northwestern yunnan, china[J]. Climatic Change,2012,110(1):455-467.doi:10.1007/s10584-011-0111-z.