水牛乳脂肪酸功能特性和影响因素研究进展
|
摘要
水牛乳脂肪酸是决定水牛乳品质的重要指标,决定了牛乳的风味及营养价值,其功能性脂肪酸对人体健康也起着重要作用。但是乳脂肪酸的组成和含量又受多种因素的影响,如遗传、营养和环境因素等。为了探索乳脂肪酸组成的变化规律,为水牛奶乳品的加工研究及质量检测提供理论依据,以便更好的指导生产,对水牛乳脂肪酸功能特性和影响因素及其研究进展进行了阐述。
Buffalo milk fatty acid is an important indicator to determine the quality of buffalo milk, it determines the flavor and nutritional value of milk. The functional fatty acids also play an important role in human health. However, the composition and content of milk fatty acids are affected by many factors, such as genetic, nutritional and environmental factors. In order to explore the changing law of milk fatty acid composition, to provide a theoretical basis for processing and quality testing of buffalo milk dairy products, so as to better guide the production. This paper describes the functional properties and influencing factors of milk fat acids in buffaloes and its research progress.
Buffalo milk fatty acid is an important indicator to determine the quality of buffalo milk, it determines the flavor and nutritional value of milk. The functional fatty acids also play an important role in human health. However, the composition and content of milk fatty acids are affected by many factors, such as genetic, nutritional and environmental factors. In order to explore the changing law of milk fatty acid composition, to provide a theoretical basis for processing and quality testing of buffalo milk dairy products, so as to better guide the production. This paper describes the functional properties and influencing factors of milk fat acids in buffaloes and its research progress.
引文
[1]FAO.Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations[DB/OL].(2014)[2016-11-01].http://www.fao.org/statistics/databases/en/.
[2]FUNDORA O G A L,LEZCANO M E,MONTEJO O,et al.A comparative study of milk composition and stability of Murrah river buffaloes and Holstein cows grazing star grass[J].Revista Cubana de Ciencia Agicola,2001,35(3):219-222.
[3]双金,金曙光,包鹏云,等.探讨富含α-亚麻酸的添加剂对奶牛脂肪代谢及免疫功能的影响[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2004,(11):16-18.
[4]DEANN J L,CHAD M C,DING D W,et al.Trans fatty acids and cholesterol levels:An evidence map of the available science[J].Food and Chemical Toxicology,2016,98:269-282.
[5]CLANDININ M T,COOK S L,KONARD S D,et al.The effect of palmitic on lipoprotein cholesterol levels[J].International Journal of Food Science and Nutrition,2000,51(s1):s61-s71.
[6]葛武鹏,李元瑞,陈瑛,等.牛、羊乳及其制品的脂肪酸组成分析[J].西北农林科技大学学报,2008,36(7):173-178.
[7]CATTAI M,MANTOVANI R,SCHIAVON S,et al.Recovery of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and conjugated linoleic acids in ripened cheese obtained from milk of cows fed different levels of extruded flaxseed[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2014,97(1):123-135.
[8]SORYAL K A,ZENG S S,MIN B R,et al.Effect of feeding treatments and lactation on composition and organoleptic quality of goat milk Domiati cheese[J].Small Ruminant Research,2004,52(1):109-116.
[9]FEUTEUX M C,GERVAIS R,RICO D E,et al.Production,composition,and oxidative stability of milk highly enriched in polyunsaturated fatty acids from dairy cows fed alfalfa protein concentrate or supplemental vitamin E[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2016,99(6):4411-4426.
[10]LOCK A L,BAUMAN D E.Modifying milk fat composition of dairy cows to enhance fatty acids beneficial to human health[J].Lipids,2004,39(12):1197-1206.
[11]RAHUL C,KATAYOON S,KEVIN P B,et al.Risk factors associated with plasma omega-3 fatty acid levels in patients with suspected coronary artery disease[L].Prostaglandins,Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids,2016,113:40-45.
[12]CAPLAN M S,JILLNG T.The role of polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation in intestinal inflammation and neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis[J].Lipids,2001,36(9):1053-1057.
[13]YUMIKO I.Role of omega-3 PUFA-derived mediators,the protectins,in influenza virus infection[J].Lipids,2015,1851(4):496-502.
[14]EDUARDO L.Health effects of oleic acid and long chain omega-3fatty acid(EPA and DHA)enriched milks.A review of intervention studies[J].Pharmacological Research,2010,61(3):200-207.
[15]SHIN S Y,BAJPAIV H R,KANG S C.Antibacterial activity of eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA)against foodborne and food spoilage microorganisms[J].LWT-Food Science and Technology,2007,40(9):1515-1519.
[16]SCHIAVON S,CESARO G,CECCHINATO A,et al.The influence of dietary nitrogen reduction and conjugated linoleic acid supply to dairy cows on fatty acids in milk and their transfer to ripened cheese[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2016,99(11):8759-8778.
[17]FERLAY A,DOREAU M,MARTIN C,et al.Effects of incremental amounts of extruded linseed on the milk fatty acid composition of dairy cows receiving hay or corn silage[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2013,96(10):6577-6595.
[18]KRITCHEVSKY D,TEPPER S A,WRIGHT S,et al.Influence of graded levels of conjugated linoleic acid(CLA)on experimental in rabbits[J].Nutrition Research,2002,22(11):1275-1279.
[19]YAMASAKI M,MANSHO K,OGINO Y,et al.Acute reduction of serum leptin level by dietary conjugated linoleic acid in Sprague-Dawley rats[J].The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry,2000,11(9):467-471.
[20]RYDER J W,PORTOCARRERO C P,SONG X M,et al.Isomer-specific properties of conjugated linoleic acid improved glucose tolerance,skeletal muscle insulin action,and UCP-2 gene expression[J].Diabetes,2001,50(5):1149-1157.
[21]PARK Y,ALBRIGHT K J,STORKSON J M,et al.Changes in body composition in mice during feeding and withdrawal of conjugated linoleic acid[J].Lipids,1999,40(4):283-298.
[22]MADRON M S,PETERSON D G,DWYER D A,et al.Effect of extruded full-fat soybeans on conjugated inoleic acid content of intramuscular,intermuscular and subcutaneous fat in beef steers[J].Journal of Animal Science,2002,80:1135-1143.
[23]ABU GHAZALEH A A,SCHINGOETHE D J,HIPPEN A R.et al.Milk conjugated linoleic acid response to fish oil supplementation of diets differing in fatty acid profiles[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2003,86(3):944-953.
[24]FRANKLIN S T,MARTIN K R,BAER R J,et al.Dietary marine algae increases concentrations of conjugated linoleic,docosahexaenoic and transvaccenic acids in milk of dairy cows[J].Journal of Nutrition,1999,129(11):2048~2054.
[25]TYAGI A K,KEWALRAMANI N,DHIMAN T R,et al.Enhancement of the conjugated linoleic acid content of buffalo milk and milk products through green fodder feeding[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,2007,133(3-4):351-358.
[26]PAILLARD D,MC KAIN N,RINCON M T,et al.Quantification of ruminal Clostridium proteoclasticum by real-time PCR using a molecular beacon approach[J].Journal of Applied?Microbiology,2007,103:1251-1261.
[27]STEFANO S,GLACOMO C,FRANCO T,et al.Influence of N shortage and conjugated linoleic acid supplementation on some productive,digestive,and metabolic parameters of lactating cows[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,2015,208:86-97.
[28]RAFFAELLA T,MONICA I,CUTRIGNELLI,et al.Influence of organic systems on milk fatty acid profile and CLA in goats[J].Small Ruminant Research,2010,88(2-3):151-155.
[29]MASUR F,BENESCH F,PFANNKUCHE H,et al.Conjugated linoleic acids influence fatty acid metabolism in ovine ruminal epithelial cells[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2016,99(4):3081-3095.
[30]孟云,司炜,于莉,等.广西水牛原料乳微生物和理化指标分析[J].中国乳品工业,2006:9-12.
[31]陈炜,龚卫华,郑玉才,等.德昌水牛乳脂肪酸组成的气相色谱-质谱分析[J].食品研究与开发,2008,29(1):123-125.
[32]韦升菊,梁贤威,杨炳壮,等.水牛奶和乳牛奶常规乳成分及乳脂脂肪酸组成的初步比较研究[J].畜牧与兽医,2011,96(10)41-43.
[33]马露.奶牛、水牛、牦牛、娟珊牛、山羊、骆驼和马乳特征性成分分析[D].内蒙古:内蒙古农业大学,2014.
[34]LIU S W,ZHANG R H,KANG R,et al.Milk fatty acids profiles and milk production from dairy cows fed different forage quality diets[J].Animal Nutrition,2016,2(4):329-333.
[35]OBA M,ALLEN M S.Evaluation of importance of digestibility of neutral detergent fiber from forage:Effects on dry matter intake and milk yield of dairy cows[J].Journal of Dairy Science,1999,82(3):589-596.
[36]MENDOZA A,CAJARVILLE C,REPETTO J L.Short communication:Intake,milk production,and milk fatty acid profile of dairy cows fed diets combining fresh forage with a total mixed ration[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2016,99(3):1938-1944.
[37]郝青,王洪荣,喻礼怀,等.脂肪酸钙在反当动物中的研究进展与应用前景[J].饲料与畜牧,2007,1:28-30.
[38]GHAZALEH A.Feeding fishmeal and extruded sorbeans enhances the linoleic(CLA)contend of milk[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2002,85:624-631.
[39]杨炳壮,卢雪芬,沈向真,等.饲喂花生油对水牛乳脂脂肪酸组成的影响[J].饲料工业,2012,33(9):40-42.
[40]潘斌.湖北杂交水牛乳中脂肪酸和氨基酸成分分析及其营养价值评价[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2014.
[41]李华.抗热应激添加剂对泌乳水牛泌乳性能的影响[D].南宁:广西大学,2007.
[42]MELE M,MACCIOTTA N P P,CECCHINATO A,et al.Multivariate factor analysis of detailed milk fatty acid profile:Effects of dairy system,feeding,herd,parity,and stage of lactation[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2016,99(12):9820-9833.
[43]KELSEY J A,CORL B A,COLLIER R E,et al.The effect of breed,parity,and stage of lactation on conjugated linoleic acid(CLA)in milk fat from dairy cows[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2003,86(8):2588-2597.
[44]ARUMUGHAN C,NARAYANAN K M.Influence of stage of lactation on the triacylgcerol composition of buffalo milk fat[J].Lipids,1981,16:155-164.
[45]PINEDA A,CARDOSO F C.Effects of rumen-protected choline with calcium salts of long chain fatty acids on milk yield and milk composition of middle and late lactation Holstein cows[J].Livestock Science,2015,175:47-58.
[46]常玲玲.中国荷斯坦牛乳中脂肪酸变化规律及其与脂肪酸合成相关基因的关联分析[D].扬州:扬州大学,2011.
[47]罗军,单翠燕,刘拉平,等.不同胎次西农萨能羊鲜乳中链和短链脂肪酸组成的初步研究[J].西北农林科技大学学报,2005,33(3):24-28.
[48]GARNWORTHY P C,MASSON L L,LOCK A L,et al.Variation of milk citrate with stage of lactation and de novo fatty acid synthesis in dairy cows[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2006,89(5):1604-1612.
[49]杨德英,曹随忠,余树民,等.奶牛隐性乳房炎对牛奶品质的影响[J].湖北农业科学,2009,48(1):132-134.
[50]刘贤慧.中国南方荷斯坦奶牛乳中脂肪酸变化规律及其乳腺炎的影响[D].扬州:扬州大学,2014.
[51]MILLER R H,BITMAN J,BRINGHT S A,et al.Effect of clinical and subclinical mastitis on lipid composition of teat canal keratin[J].Journal of Dairy Science,1992,75(6):1436-1442.
[52]GOTTARDO P,PENASA M,MARCHI M,et al.Variable selection procedures before partial least squares regression enhance the accuracy of milk fatty acid composition predicted by mid-infrared spectroscopy[J].International Dairy Journal,2016,99(10):7782-7790.
[53]COPPA M,FERLAY A,LEROUX C,et al.Prediction of milk fatty acid composition by near infrared spectroscopy[J].International Dairy Journal,2010,20(3):182-189.
[54]CHRITOPH C,WOLFGANG L.Detection of the adulteration of water buffalo milk and mozzarella with cow’s milk by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis ofβ-lactoglobulin variants[J].Food Chemistry,2010,122(3):901-908.
[55]LIU H N,REN F Z,JIANG L,et al.Short communication:fatty acid profile of yak milk from the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau in different seasons and for different parities[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2011,94(4):1724-1731.
[56]MENAED O,AHMAD S,ROUSSEAU F,et al.Buffalo vs.Cow milk fat globules:size distribution,composition in total fatty acids and polar lipids from the milk fat globule membrane[J].Food Chemistry,2010,120(2):544-551.
[57]NADIA B,GIUSEPPE B,NACEUR M,et al.A rapid high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry assay for unambiguous detection of different milk species employed in cheese manufacturing[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2015,98(12):8415-8413.
[58]SAINI R K,SHETTY N P,GIRIDHAR P.GC-FID/MS analysis of fatty acids in Indian cultivars of Moringa oleifera:potential sources of PUFA[J].Journal of the American Oil Chemists'Society,2014,91(6):1092-1034.
[59]DOBSON G.Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry of conjugated linoleic acids and metabolites[J].Journal of Functional Food,2016,24:403-417.
[2]FUNDORA O G A L,LEZCANO M E,MONTEJO O,et al.A comparative study of milk composition and stability of Murrah river buffaloes and Holstein cows grazing star grass[J].Revista Cubana de Ciencia Agicola,2001,35(3):219-222.
[3]双金,金曙光,包鹏云,等.探讨富含α-亚麻酸的添加剂对奶牛脂肪代谢及免疫功能的影响[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2004,(11):16-18.
[4]DEANN J L,CHAD M C,DING D W,et al.Trans fatty acids and cholesterol levels:An evidence map of the available science[J].Food and Chemical Toxicology,2016,98:269-282.
[5]CLANDININ M T,COOK S L,KONARD S D,et al.The effect of palmitic on lipoprotein cholesterol levels[J].International Journal of Food Science and Nutrition,2000,51(s1):s61-s71.
[6]葛武鹏,李元瑞,陈瑛,等.牛、羊乳及其制品的脂肪酸组成分析[J].西北农林科技大学学报,2008,36(7):173-178.
[7]CATTAI M,MANTOVANI R,SCHIAVON S,et al.Recovery of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and conjugated linoleic acids in ripened cheese obtained from milk of cows fed different levels of extruded flaxseed[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2014,97(1):123-135.
[8]SORYAL K A,ZENG S S,MIN B R,et al.Effect of feeding treatments and lactation on composition and organoleptic quality of goat milk Domiati cheese[J].Small Ruminant Research,2004,52(1):109-116.
[9]FEUTEUX M C,GERVAIS R,RICO D E,et al.Production,composition,and oxidative stability of milk highly enriched in polyunsaturated fatty acids from dairy cows fed alfalfa protein concentrate or supplemental vitamin E[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2016,99(6):4411-4426.
[10]LOCK A L,BAUMAN D E.Modifying milk fat composition of dairy cows to enhance fatty acids beneficial to human health[J].Lipids,2004,39(12):1197-1206.
[11]RAHUL C,KATAYOON S,KEVIN P B,et al.Risk factors associated with plasma omega-3 fatty acid levels in patients with suspected coronary artery disease[L].Prostaglandins,Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids,2016,113:40-45.
[12]CAPLAN M S,JILLNG T.The role of polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation in intestinal inflammation and neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis[J].Lipids,2001,36(9):1053-1057.
[13]YUMIKO I.Role of omega-3 PUFA-derived mediators,the protectins,in influenza virus infection[J].Lipids,2015,1851(4):496-502.
[14]EDUARDO L.Health effects of oleic acid and long chain omega-3fatty acid(EPA and DHA)enriched milks.A review of intervention studies[J].Pharmacological Research,2010,61(3):200-207.
[15]SHIN S Y,BAJPAIV H R,KANG S C.Antibacterial activity of eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA)against foodborne and food spoilage microorganisms[J].LWT-Food Science and Technology,2007,40(9):1515-1519.
[16]SCHIAVON S,CESARO G,CECCHINATO A,et al.The influence of dietary nitrogen reduction and conjugated linoleic acid supply to dairy cows on fatty acids in milk and their transfer to ripened cheese[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2016,99(11):8759-8778.
[17]FERLAY A,DOREAU M,MARTIN C,et al.Effects of incremental amounts of extruded linseed on the milk fatty acid composition of dairy cows receiving hay or corn silage[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2013,96(10):6577-6595.
[18]KRITCHEVSKY D,TEPPER S A,WRIGHT S,et al.Influence of graded levels of conjugated linoleic acid(CLA)on experimental in rabbits[J].Nutrition Research,2002,22(11):1275-1279.
[19]YAMASAKI M,MANSHO K,OGINO Y,et al.Acute reduction of serum leptin level by dietary conjugated linoleic acid in Sprague-Dawley rats[J].The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry,2000,11(9):467-471.
[20]RYDER J W,PORTOCARRERO C P,SONG X M,et al.Isomer-specific properties of conjugated linoleic acid improved glucose tolerance,skeletal muscle insulin action,and UCP-2 gene expression[J].Diabetes,2001,50(5):1149-1157.
[21]PARK Y,ALBRIGHT K J,STORKSON J M,et al.Changes in body composition in mice during feeding and withdrawal of conjugated linoleic acid[J].Lipids,1999,40(4):283-298.
[22]MADRON M S,PETERSON D G,DWYER D A,et al.Effect of extruded full-fat soybeans on conjugated inoleic acid content of intramuscular,intermuscular and subcutaneous fat in beef steers[J].Journal of Animal Science,2002,80:1135-1143.
[23]ABU GHAZALEH A A,SCHINGOETHE D J,HIPPEN A R.et al.Milk conjugated linoleic acid response to fish oil supplementation of diets differing in fatty acid profiles[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2003,86(3):944-953.
[24]FRANKLIN S T,MARTIN K R,BAER R J,et al.Dietary marine algae increases concentrations of conjugated linoleic,docosahexaenoic and transvaccenic acids in milk of dairy cows[J].Journal of Nutrition,1999,129(11):2048~2054.
[25]TYAGI A K,KEWALRAMANI N,DHIMAN T R,et al.Enhancement of the conjugated linoleic acid content of buffalo milk and milk products through green fodder feeding[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,2007,133(3-4):351-358.
[26]PAILLARD D,MC KAIN N,RINCON M T,et al.Quantification of ruminal Clostridium proteoclasticum by real-time PCR using a molecular beacon approach[J].Journal of Applied?Microbiology,2007,103:1251-1261.
[27]STEFANO S,GLACOMO C,FRANCO T,et al.Influence of N shortage and conjugated linoleic acid supplementation on some productive,digestive,and metabolic parameters of lactating cows[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,2015,208:86-97.
[28]RAFFAELLA T,MONICA I,CUTRIGNELLI,et al.Influence of organic systems on milk fatty acid profile and CLA in goats[J].Small Ruminant Research,2010,88(2-3):151-155.
[29]MASUR F,BENESCH F,PFANNKUCHE H,et al.Conjugated linoleic acids influence fatty acid metabolism in ovine ruminal epithelial cells[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2016,99(4):3081-3095.
[30]孟云,司炜,于莉,等.广西水牛原料乳微生物和理化指标分析[J].中国乳品工业,2006:9-12.
[31]陈炜,龚卫华,郑玉才,等.德昌水牛乳脂肪酸组成的气相色谱-质谱分析[J].食品研究与开发,2008,29(1):123-125.
[32]韦升菊,梁贤威,杨炳壮,等.水牛奶和乳牛奶常规乳成分及乳脂脂肪酸组成的初步比较研究[J].畜牧与兽医,2011,96(10)41-43.
[33]马露.奶牛、水牛、牦牛、娟珊牛、山羊、骆驼和马乳特征性成分分析[D].内蒙古:内蒙古农业大学,2014.
[34]LIU S W,ZHANG R H,KANG R,et al.Milk fatty acids profiles and milk production from dairy cows fed different forage quality diets[J].Animal Nutrition,2016,2(4):329-333.
[35]OBA M,ALLEN M S.Evaluation of importance of digestibility of neutral detergent fiber from forage:Effects on dry matter intake and milk yield of dairy cows[J].Journal of Dairy Science,1999,82(3):589-596.
[36]MENDOZA A,CAJARVILLE C,REPETTO J L.Short communication:Intake,milk production,and milk fatty acid profile of dairy cows fed diets combining fresh forage with a total mixed ration[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2016,99(3):1938-1944.
[37]郝青,王洪荣,喻礼怀,等.脂肪酸钙在反当动物中的研究进展与应用前景[J].饲料与畜牧,2007,1:28-30.
[38]GHAZALEH A.Feeding fishmeal and extruded sorbeans enhances the linoleic(CLA)contend of milk[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2002,85:624-631.
[39]杨炳壮,卢雪芬,沈向真,等.饲喂花生油对水牛乳脂脂肪酸组成的影响[J].饲料工业,2012,33(9):40-42.
[40]潘斌.湖北杂交水牛乳中脂肪酸和氨基酸成分分析及其营养价值评价[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2014.
[41]李华.抗热应激添加剂对泌乳水牛泌乳性能的影响[D].南宁:广西大学,2007.
[42]MELE M,MACCIOTTA N P P,CECCHINATO A,et al.Multivariate factor analysis of detailed milk fatty acid profile:Effects of dairy system,feeding,herd,parity,and stage of lactation[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2016,99(12):9820-9833.
[43]KELSEY J A,CORL B A,COLLIER R E,et al.The effect of breed,parity,and stage of lactation on conjugated linoleic acid(CLA)in milk fat from dairy cows[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2003,86(8):2588-2597.
[44]ARUMUGHAN C,NARAYANAN K M.Influence of stage of lactation on the triacylgcerol composition of buffalo milk fat[J].Lipids,1981,16:155-164.
[45]PINEDA A,CARDOSO F C.Effects of rumen-protected choline with calcium salts of long chain fatty acids on milk yield and milk composition of middle and late lactation Holstein cows[J].Livestock Science,2015,175:47-58.
[46]常玲玲.中国荷斯坦牛乳中脂肪酸变化规律及其与脂肪酸合成相关基因的关联分析[D].扬州:扬州大学,2011.
[47]罗军,单翠燕,刘拉平,等.不同胎次西农萨能羊鲜乳中链和短链脂肪酸组成的初步研究[J].西北农林科技大学学报,2005,33(3):24-28.
[48]GARNWORTHY P C,MASSON L L,LOCK A L,et al.Variation of milk citrate with stage of lactation and de novo fatty acid synthesis in dairy cows[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2006,89(5):1604-1612.
[49]杨德英,曹随忠,余树民,等.奶牛隐性乳房炎对牛奶品质的影响[J].湖北农业科学,2009,48(1):132-134.
[50]刘贤慧.中国南方荷斯坦奶牛乳中脂肪酸变化规律及其乳腺炎的影响[D].扬州:扬州大学,2014.
[51]MILLER R H,BITMAN J,BRINGHT S A,et al.Effect of clinical and subclinical mastitis on lipid composition of teat canal keratin[J].Journal of Dairy Science,1992,75(6):1436-1442.
[52]GOTTARDO P,PENASA M,MARCHI M,et al.Variable selection procedures before partial least squares regression enhance the accuracy of milk fatty acid composition predicted by mid-infrared spectroscopy[J].International Dairy Journal,2016,99(10):7782-7790.
[53]COPPA M,FERLAY A,LEROUX C,et al.Prediction of milk fatty acid composition by near infrared spectroscopy[J].International Dairy Journal,2010,20(3):182-189.
[54]CHRITOPH C,WOLFGANG L.Detection of the adulteration of water buffalo milk and mozzarella with cow’s milk by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis ofβ-lactoglobulin variants[J].Food Chemistry,2010,122(3):901-908.
[55]LIU H N,REN F Z,JIANG L,et al.Short communication:fatty acid profile of yak milk from the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau in different seasons and for different parities[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2011,94(4):1724-1731.
[56]MENAED O,AHMAD S,ROUSSEAU F,et al.Buffalo vs.Cow milk fat globules:size distribution,composition in total fatty acids and polar lipids from the milk fat globule membrane[J].Food Chemistry,2010,120(2):544-551.
[57]NADIA B,GIUSEPPE B,NACEUR M,et al.A rapid high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry assay for unambiguous detection of different milk species employed in cheese manufacturing[J].Journal of Dairy Science,2015,98(12):8415-8413.
[58]SAINI R K,SHETTY N P,GIRIDHAR P.GC-FID/MS analysis of fatty acids in Indian cultivars of Moringa oleifera:potential sources of PUFA[J].Journal of the American Oil Chemists'Society,2014,91(6):1092-1034.
[59]DOBSON G.Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry of conjugated linoleic acids and metabolites[J].Journal of Functional Food,2016,24:403-417.